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Zaid........  To strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, countries adopted the Paris Agreement at the COP21 in Paris, which went into force in November of 2016. In the agreement, all countries agreed to work to limit global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees centigrade. As of April 2018, 175 parties had ratified the Paris Agreement and 10 developing countries had submitted their first iteration of their national adaptation plans for responding to climate change.

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Zaid.. Affordable, scalable solutions are now available to enable countries to leapfrog to cleaner, more resilient economies. The pace of change is quickening as more people are turning to renewable energy and a range of other measures that will reduce emissions and increase adaptation efforts. Climate change, however, is a global challenge that does not respect national borders. It is an issue that requires solutions that need to be coordinated at the international level to help developing countries move toward a low-carbon economy.

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Zaidhyed ..Climate change is now affecting every country on every continent. It is disrupting national economies and affecting lives, costing people, communities and countries dearly today and even more tomorrow. Weather patterns are changing, sea levels are rising, weather events are becoming more extreme and greenhouse gas emissions are now at their highest levels in history. Without action, the world’s average surface temperature is likely to surpass 3 degrees centigrade this century. The poorest and most vulnerable people are being affected the most.

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Helping more vulnerable regions, such as land locked countries and island states, adapt to climate change must go hand in hand with efforts to integrate disaster risk measures into national strategies. It is still possible, with the political will and a wide array of technological measures, to limit the increase in global mean temperature to two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. This requires urgent collective action.

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There is no country in the world that is not experiencing first-hand the drastic effects of climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, and are now more than 50 percent higher than their 1990 level. Further, global warming is causing long-lasting changes to our climate system, which threatens irreversible consequences if we do not take action now.

The annual average losses from tsunamis, tropical cyclones and flooding amount to hundreds of billions of dollars, requiring an investment of US$6 billion annually in disaster risk management alone. The goal aims to mobilize $100

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climate change effects on the environment like the loss of sea ice accelerated sea level rise , The easiest way to cut back on greenhouse gas emissions is and stop cutting down trees. Also one can use less resources.

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1.) We can exploit ultra violet rays by using solar energy

2.) we can use Geothermal energy as an alternative energy source

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Roll no 10
1. By planting more trees and trying to use ecofriendly vehicles like cycles so that there is less pollution and the climatic conditions fo back to normal.
2. There are many alternatives to fossil fuels such as biodiesel, bioalcohol and non-fossil natural gas.

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Problems & Solutions
Problem:Burning of Coal and Oil and gasses destroying vast areas of forests.
Solution: Using the Energy of Wind, and Solar power minimise the amount of greenhouse gasses reaching the upper atmosphere

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Because nitrogen oxides are created in the process of burning coal and other fossil fuels, some power plants are changing the way they burn coal. A great way to reduce acid rain is to produce energy without using fossil fuels. Instead, people can use renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power.

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Janhvi Chaudhary.  7.C
Take a Fine for anyone who litters. No plastic waste should be thrown anywhere.
They could lessen cattle for less global warming as the methane they produce is in abundance

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Climate change is rapidly warming the Earth and altering ecosystems on land and at sea that produce our food. In the oceans, most added heat from climate warming is still near the surface and will take centuries to work down into deeper waters. But as this happens, it will change ocean circulation patterns and make ocean food chains less productive.

In a recent study, I worked with colleagues from five universities and laboratories to examine how climate warming out to the year 2300 could affect marine ecosystems and global fisheries. We wanted to know how sustained warming would change the supply of key nutrients that support tiny plankton, which in turn are food for fish.

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The best way to decrease soil detoriation is :
Put down fiber logs. Another option for erosion control on steep slopes is a series of rolled up logs or "wattles" made from fibrous material (like straw). Water running down the slope will slow down when it hits the logs, soaking into the soil instead of carrying mud downhill.

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1) How can drones be used to combat climate change ?

Perhaps the most prominent way in which drones help fight climate change is by assisting with data collection. Drones can travel to places where humans cannot easily go, thereby reducing research costs and increasing the accuracy of data collection.

2) What role does the sun play in climate change in recent decades?

The Sun provides the primary source of energy driving Earth’s climate system, but its variations have played very little role in the climate changes observed in recent decades. Direct satellite measurements since the late 1970s show no net increase in the Sun’s output, while at the same time global surface temperatures have increased.

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We can use advanced technology to find out the amount of pollutio. If there is a lot we can decrease the usage of cars, vehicles to decrease the pollution. If most countries follow this there could be an effective change.

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1) How can we reduce CFC content from the atmosphere
Ans: Buy air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment that do not use HCFCs as refrigerant. Buy aerosol products that do not use HCFCs or CFCs as propellants. Conduct regular inspection and maintenance of air-conditioning and refrigeration appliances to prevent and minimize refrigerant leakage.
2)Why don’t we use CFC for the welfare of environment?
Ans:Because they damage the earth's ozone layer, CFCs have been banned since 1996. Before CFCs were banned, they were used in aerosols, refrigerators, air conditioners, foam food packaging, and fire extinguishers. ... CFCs are also greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.

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Oceans get effected because many marine species die some animal species don’t get food because they depend on fish protien

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1. Use the 3 Rs’ -reuse,reduce,recycle
2. A great way to reduce acid rain is to produce energy without using fossil fuels.

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1) how can solar energy be used effectively?

- Use solar energy to heat water before storing it in a tank
- Solar water heaters reduce the overall amount of energy needed to heat water, therefore reducing your demand for electricity from a power grid.

2) Why can’t India make more use of solar?

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Problem: Is plastic pollution likely to become more or less in the future.
Solution: Electricity generators and Solar generated energy.

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Problem:Glaciers melting due to climate change and global warming
Solution: we could spread awareness to people about the situation of glaciers melting into water right now.We could also request the government to keep a fine for people who litter don’t car pool etc and increase global warming

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Hydroelectric energy is a renewble and sustainable form of energy. It is a much better alternative to using oil.

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Yesterday we had met up and decided what to research on our group has decided to choose goal number 13.1 and we have chosen the solutions for the same , we have included a sustainable city and statistical data and more detailed information on the same . Thank you sir - Deeyan Parswani class 7c

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How global warming is effecting the ocean?

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How global warming is effecting the ocean?

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As greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane are released into the atmosphere, a shield forms around the Earth, trapping heat and, therefore, creating a general warming effect. Oceans are one of the areas most affected by this warming.

Rising air temperatures affect the physical nature of the oceans. As air temperatures rise, water becomes less dense and separates from a nutrient-filled cold layer below. This is the basis for a chain effect that impacts all marine life that counts on these nutrients for survival.

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The greenhouse effect is the name given to the natural process that causes the Earth to be warmer than it would be in the absence of an atmosphere.

Greenhouse gases are produced naturally and trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, like a blanket.

When fossil fuels are burned in power stations, vehicles, industry or homes, greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere.

Although these gases have always been present in the world's atmosphere their concentration is increasing as more and more fossil fuels are burned.

Global warming is attributed to the enhanced greenhouse effect. This is caused by the increased concentration and effect of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane and fluorocarbons.

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I learnt that we have various ways for saving the earth and from destroying our environment

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From today’s session I leant about the problems faced by the world and  I had fun brainstorming for solutions. We discussed about climate action and how we could help protect our environment. It was very knowledgeable

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I loved today’s session it was very helpful and educative

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Global goals day reflection
Climate change -13
The session was good I had really good experience also the list they put was good and the teqnique they used to make us quiet and clap the only thing I felt left out is the session was too long and they could have made it fun by putting activities the best part was the VIDIEO they showed .....

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Solituon

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Today’s session was very resourceful. All of us learnt about the the different ways the world is affected like:-
*pollution
*poverty
*garbage being thrown
Afterall, we are all the reason behind the deteriorating world.
Anyways, we can

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Zaid =I enjoyed alot  and I wanted it to be a little longer but unfortunately the thay had to go we learnt a lot and our topic climate change was very interesting looking forward for more morning sessions like this😊

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I really liked today’s session but I think they could have made us do projects. We discussed about goal 13.

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Global warming and climate change

Global warming refers to the long-term warming of the planet since the early 20th century, and most notably since the late 1970s, due to the increase in fossil fuel emissions since the Industrial Revolution. Worldwide since 1880, the average surface temperature has gone up by about 1 °C (about 2 °F), relative to the mid-20th-century baseline (of 1951-1980). This is on top of about an additional 0.15 °C of warming from between 1750 and 1880.

What is climate change?

Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena created predominantly by burning fossil fuels, which add heat-trapping gases to Earth’s atmosphere. These phenomena include the increased temperature trends described by global warming, but also encompass changes such as sea level rise; ice mass loss in Greenland, Antarctica, the Arctic and mountain glaciers worldwide; shifts in flower/plant blooming; and extreme weather events.

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This session was lit 🔥I learned a lot for our global day from this
It was really helpful and 😎

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Today was fun and it taught me so much about how we affect the environment and the solution to it , we also learnt various ways how we as an individual could help the world like cleaning , using resources at a limit etc. With the help of teachers , our dear principal Dr Mrs Vandana Lulla and Bryan Sir we could save the world.

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We learnt a lot but it could have been more interesting . They could have done something interesting like a fun activity, but still I learnt a lot: all the problems going on in the world, and the solutions. We debated on what could be the best solution to every problem. The video was really motivating and the discussions were fun.

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I really enjoyed today’s class and we learnt about climate change

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What are the innovative ways we can prevent climate change

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The facts on global warming you should know to write a good essay

One of the most obvious effects of global warming is extreme weather. The weather patterns are rapidly changing in all parts of the world. The increased rainfall in certain regions affects the balance that animals and plants need to survive. Climate changes cause health problems, animal migration, and the lack of food resources. Extreme heat and droughts in diverse regions of our planet have become disastrous to human health. The frequency of the heavy precipitation has lead to the greater prevalence of floods. Global warming creates more natural disasters. Extreme weather events will continue to occur with greater intensity. So, we will experience significant changes in seasonal temperatures variations, wind patterns, and annual precipitation.

The effects of global warming on plants and animals are expected to be widespread and profound. Many organisms are migrating from the equator toward poles in order to find more comfortable conditions for their existence. However, a lot of animals go extinct as they are not able to compete in new climate regime. Global warming can cause the disappearance of up to one-third of Earth`s animals and one-half of plants by 2080.

The effects of climate change due to the global warming can be devastating to the human society. People can face severe crop failures and livestock shortages that will cause civic unrest, food riots, famines, and political instability in the whole world. Global warming threatens our future health conditions. Humanity will experience an increase in tick-borne and mosquito-borne diseases. What is more, people have become more vulnerable to extreme weather and climate changes that lead to serious mental health issues.

The sea-level rise accelerates 0.12 inches per year in overage worldwide. This trend will continue if gas emissions remain unchecked. People are to blame for rapidly melting ice, warming oceans, and rising sea levels. Coral reefs are in danger as the ocean warms. Two-thirds of the Great Barrier Reef has been damaged as a result of climate change. Global warming increases the acidity of seawater because of the increase of the levels of CO2. The ocean is 26 percent more acidic than before the Industrial revolution. Melting glaciers endanger human life on the coastal areas. It can cause landslides and other land collapses.

Increase in average temperatures is the major problem caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by about 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit over the past 100 years. 2016 was the hottest year on record worldwide. Such temperatures turn our environment into a breeding ground for infections and diseases. The worst thing is that increased dryness and greenhouse gases serve as natural fuels for wildfires.

Scientists have predicted the effects for the future based on the climate changes due to the global warming problem. Snow cover is projected to contract. Sea ice is projected to shrink in both Antarctic and Arctic. Future tropical cyclones will become more intense. Heavy precipitation events, heat waves, and hot extremes will become more frequent. Arctic late-summer sea ice can disappear by the end of the 21st century. Sea level rise and anthropogenic warming will continue for centuries.

People should cut power consumption in order to reduce the effects of global warming.  We should buy less polluting cars, get more efficient refrigeration, and reduce water heating requirements. We should also fly less or not at all. Such measures will definitely influence modern society a lot. However, it is important for every person to do something to prolong life on earth. Just think, there is more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today than at any point in the last 800,000 years.

Air quality is affected greatly by the global warming. The air pollution caused by overabundance of carbon dioxide, vehicular emissions, and power plants influences the human respiratory system. A lot of people all over the world suffer from respiratory diseases.

The Earth`s temperature will continue to rise so long as mankind continues to produce greenhouse gases. The surface of our planet can warm by 6 degrees this century.

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In this morning session (17/1/19), I was briefed and informed about how we can find solutions to world problems through the UN Global Goals.

The best part was when we were discussing about solutions.

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I really enjoyed today’s session as it helped me learn about climate change.

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What are climate change and global warming? Global warming refers to the recent and ongoing rise in global average temperature near Earth's surface. It is caused mostly by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global warming is causing climate patterns to change

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It could have been more interesting. They could have been more creative and discussed and put together ideas so that the end result could be more interesting, however, it helped me learn a lot more about the global warming, how are we polluting and dirtying our environment, what effects are being created and what can be done to solve them. It was all about the problems we face in the country so that people could preceed towards the solutions. We discussed about the problems and solutions and effects so, it was the best part for me because everyone got a chance to speak what they felt.

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I really liked todays sessin in english about climate change .
Something that went wrong was that the session was not very under control because at times the class was very disorganized. The session made us a bit more aware about climate change. The session was about climate change and how it is affecting us and what steps are being taken to stop climate change. The best part was when we were watching the video to see what steps have been taken to stop climate change. We saw this person who turned a green lake into a blue, heakthy lake and it really made me amazed.

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1 What are the effects of climate

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Global goals day reflection ( climate change )

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Global goals day reflection ( climate change )

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Today i learned that it is very important not to litter and the way they tought it could not be better . The best part was the video which we saw it was amazing

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Global Goals Day Reflection (Climate Change

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Global Goals Day Reflection (Climate Change

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Today I learned a lot that it is important that we don’t litter and try to recycle as many things as possible. It was fun learning with them and according to me nothing went wrong. I learned many things.The best part about the whole session was when we gave our ideas how we can spread awareness and do different things so people don’t litter around.

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Climate change
1. What Went Wrong?
Ans

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AbhinavGlobals goals day reflection (climate change)

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AbhinavGlobals goals day reflection (climate change)

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Today’s session was very interesting, and I liked it when when we had to give our suggestions and all

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Goal 13.Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries 13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning 13.3 Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning 13.a Implement the commitment undertaken by developed-country parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion annually by 2020 from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as possible 13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacity for effective climate change-related planning and management in least developed countries and small island developing States, including focusing on women, youth and local and marginalized communities* Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate change.

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When we burn fossil fuels like coal, and gas to create electricity or power our cars, we release CO₂ pollution into the atmosphere.

Australians are big producers of CO₂ pollution compared to the rest of the world. Our level of CO₂ pollution per person is nearly double the average of other developed nations and more than four times the world average.

Electricity generation is the main cause of carbon pollution in Australia as 73% of our electricity comes from burning coal and 13% from burning gas. The remaining 14% comes from renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar and wind, which do not emit carbon.

Reducing the amount of electricity generated from coal and gas, and increasing the amount of electricity from clean, renewable energy sources like solar and wind, means less carbon pollution is emitted. This is one of the main ways we can address global warming.

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How is climate change changing effects around our world

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How is climate change affecting marine life ?

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Q1.) How can we create awareness for climate change.

Q2.) can we How create homes that can withstand climate change.

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Can we convserve heat and electricity by stopping global warming

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How can we stop glaciers melting

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On our monuments:

Climate is the act of all atmospheric events such as rainfall, temperature, wind, air pressure and humidity etc. In recent years, the alterations about natural environment and climate observed in Chhattisgarh state negatively affected the monumental buildings, the cultural riches of the state that they have been worn out by various natural effects for a long time. However, since monumental buildings have great importance due to their identity of transferring old era information to the future generations, there should be taken special precautions against deteriorations on the monumental buildings. Climate-related deteriorations on the monumental buildings resulted from temperature differences between summer-winter and day-night, water movement at the building due to capillarity, abrasive effects of rain water, salt and some chemicals involved in water, particles carried by wind and air pollution.

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Q1) What’s going to happen to our planet after a couple of years, when we already have made too many mistakes?

Q2) How is our world going to look like twenty years in the future, if we don’t change our attitude towards climate action now?

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What can we do to stop climate change?
What steps have we taken to stop climate change?

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How can our carelessness affect the ones around us

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How can we conserve for the coming generations

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Climate change questions - Are we taking climate change for granted ?
Even after knowing the harm why do we harm the environment

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Kindly recheck your question and modify it ,if it is not pragmatic for your research

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Kindly recheck your question and modify it ,if it is not pragmatic for your research

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pls highlight if it has been modified

Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts |  |
|  |
Roll No | Name of the student | Questions
1 |  Aarya Shah| 1)
2)How do we know that the climate is changing ?
2 | Ananya Choudhary | 1) How can drones be used to combat climatic changes?
2) What role the sun plays in climate change in recent decades ?
3 | Janhavi Chaudhary | 1) How to protect environment from Climatic disaster?
2) How could cows and sheep halt climate change and tackle rural poverty?
4 | Pehel Kenia | 1) How to overcome greenhouse effect ?
2) How to reduce the level of acid rainfall ?
5 | Aiyana Mehta | 1) What is the best way to prevent soil detoriation ?
2) How to ensure condusive climatic condition for flora and fauna?
6 | Oindrilla Mandal | 1) How to control a region's temperature by detecting the pollution level?
2) Why cant we use the carbon for development?
7 | Ananya pathak | 1) How to enhance mangroves to protect environment?
2) Why are we not bothered about marine life ?
8 | Shriya Shriram | 1) Why there is no rain from three years in some region?
2) How to increase rainfall in Jaipur region from 25 cm to 250 cm?
9 | Mahema Singh | 1) How to create artificial rainfall?
2) Why methods used to reduce smog in Delhi are meagre?
10 |  Trusha Sohoni | 1) Why Delhi cant have artificial maritime climatic condition like Mumbai?
2) What can be our future fuel ?
11 |  Janani Suresh | 1) How solar energy can be used effectively ?
2) Why can't India make more use of solar?
12 | Kaitlyn Noranha | 1) Why to pay electicity bill ,when solar is there?
2) How is fossil fuel renewable ?
13 | Arjun Agarwal | 1) How carbon can be as useful as oxygen?
2) What can be done to trap carbon from the air?
14 |  Arjun Chandan | 1) How do we know humans are causing global warming?
2) How can human action protect the enlarging ozone hole?
15 | Dhairya Gupta | 1) How can we exploit ultra violet rays for man kind?
2) How can we create alternative for conventional source of energy?
16 | Indraayan Das | 1) How can we reduce CFC content from the atmosphere?
2) Why dont we use CFC for the welfare of environment?
17 | Jaka Zaid | 1) How to keep our soil fertile inspite of less rainfall? 2) How can we create affordable homes which can withstand climate changes?
18 | Kabir Rao | 1) what can we do to prevent acid rain?
2) what is the most important reason for climate change, how can we fix it?
19 | Munshi Abhinav | 1) Do climate changes help the enviorment, if yes how?
2) Is any climate change helpful to us humans, if yes how, if not how?
20 | Nigel Fernandes| 1) What will be the negative effects on earth due to climate change in future ?
2) What can we do to prevent climate change and save earth ?
21 | Deeyan Parswani | 1) How can we tap Solar power with less cost and more utility?
2) What is the best alternative for Solar energy?
22 | Aarav Patel | 1) Why the climate is getting worst?
2) How come soil quality is detoriatting day by day ?
23 | Taksheel Patel | 1) How is the modern climate change impacting food chain?
2) How can pollution caused by electroing and space waste be tackled ?
24 | Samar Raj | 1) How to use nitrogen and carbon gases efficently from the atmosphere?
2) How to process Carbon as an alternative for Oxygen?
25 | Samuel Rodricks | 1) How can we trap carbondioxide in the ground?
2) What are the causes of global warming and how global warming affects the environment?
26 |  Arunjay  | 1) How deserts can be transformed into greenary?
2) How can we deploy the findings of the concentration of acid rain to prevent its impact in environment ?
27 | Yashila Shukla | 1) How can we control expansion of desert?
2) How far the measures adapted to control the increasing size of the ozone hole is successful?

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1. Will the remedies to climate change be worse than the disease? Will it drive more people into poverty with higher costs?

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1. Will the actions we take today be enough to forestall the direct impacts of climate change? Or is it too little too late?

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Sr. No	Picture & Link 	Issues/Problems	solutions1	Selectedhttps://www.greenpeace.org.uk/what-we-do/climate/about-climate-change/	As we burn up the planet’s coal, oil and gas supplies and destroy vast areas of forests and peatlands, greenhouse gases are pouring into the atmosphere and disrupting the delicate balance of gases that sustains life on our planet. 	We need to step up our use of clean energy like wind, wave, tidal and solar energyRedesign our transport system by improving and increasing the use of public transport.2	https://www.nrdc.org/stories/how-you-can-stop-global-warming	•	Because human-induced warming is superimposed on a naturally varying climate, the temperature rise has not been, and will not be, uniform or smooth across the country or over time.	Gas-smart cars, such as hybrids and fully electric vehicles, save fuel and money..3	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/15/world/europe/climate-change-rotterdam.html	Global sea level has risen by about 8 inches since reliable record keeping began in 1880. It is projected to rise another 1 to 4 feet by 2100. This is the result of added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms.	To live with the water, rather than struggle to defeat it. You may wish to pretend that rising seas are a hoax perpetrated by scientists and a gullible news media. 4	https://www.c2es.org/content/drought-and-climate-change/	Climate change is intensifying drought, storms, and floods around the world. Where nature has been destroyed by development, communities are at risk from these intensified climate patterns. Scientists around the world are studying how nature can be a buffer for these intensified weather patterns, and TNC is working with leaders and communities to implement solutions that make a difference for nature and people. 		Other actions that improve resilience to other stressors, like deploying green infrastructure for storm water management or increasing energy efficiency in buildings (thereby using less water-cooled power), can improve resilience to drought as a co-benefit.5	https://sciencing.com/can-stop-glacier-melting-5377309.html	The Arctic is expected to become essentially ice free in summer before mid-century.An indicator of changes in the Arctic sea ice minimum over time. Arctic sea ice extent both affects and is affected by global climate change.	There are many alternative energy technologies available. Solar panels are made up of solar cells that trap the heat from the sun and convert it into energy. Wind turbines are towers that use the kinetic energy from the wind to generate power. 6	https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/urgentissues/oceans/coral-reefs/ways-to-help-coral-reefs/index.htm	Corals reefs are dying due to ocean acidification, water pollution and global warming	Walk, bike or ride the bus. Fossil fuel emissions from cars and industry raise lead to ocean warming which causes mass-bleaching of corals and can lead to widespread destruction of reefs.Volunteer for a coral reef cleanup: You don't live near a coral reef? Then do what many people do with their vacation: visit a coral reef. Spend an afternoon enjoying the beauty of one of the most diverse ecosystems on the Earth.7	http://therevolutionmovie.com/index.php/open-your-eyes/ocean-acidification/solutions/	They are getting hotter because they absorb 90 percent of the extra heat in the climate. This shift causes the oceans to expand, contributing to higher sea levels, and strips corals of their vivid colors. Meanwhile, nearly a third of carbon dioxide emissions end up in the oceans, triggering a chemistry change that makes the water more acidic, dissolving the shells of sea creatures. The ocean is almost 40 percent more acidic than it used to be.Don’t use bottled water. Refuse straws when you eat out. Bring your own reusable containers around with you. Drink from the tap, filter it and use water canteens to refill. Don’t use single use plastic bags.8	https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/phenomenal-ways-to-stop-deforestation-and-protect-our-planet.php	According to the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the 33 million acres of forestland that are lost annually around the globe are responsible for 20% of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. The main causes for deforestation include wood and paper products, mining and oil exploitation, urbanization, acid rainand wildfires. Other reasons include supplying wood timber for wood and paper products and clear land for crops, cattle and housing.	As an individual or part of the global community, you can at-least plant a tree to combat deforestation. You can take one step further by the choices you make throughout the day when we’re shopping, eating, or even driving. One small step by you, leads to twenty or more giant leaps towards a global campaign against deforestation.9	https://www.ucsusa.org/our-work/global-warming/solutions/global-warming-solutions-reduce-emissions	Along with other gases such as methane and water vapor, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. It absorbs heat energy and prevents it escaping from the Earth's surface into space. The greater the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the more heat energy is absorbed and the hotter the Earth becomes.	Until now, power plants have been allowed to dump unlimited amounts of carbonpollution into the atmosphere — no rules were in effect that limited their emissions of carbon dioxide, the primary driver of global warming. The main thing though is to grow more trees.10	http://wkim2021.wixsite.com/ozonelayer/single-post/2015/11/29/Uses-and-Solutions-of-chlorofluorocarbons-CFCs	Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Synthetic compounds entirely of industrial origin used in a number of applications, but now largely regulated in production and release to the atmosphere by international agreement for their ability to contribute to destruction of the ozone layer. They are also greenhouse gases.	Replacement of the chlorine atom(s) with hydrogen atoms means that less chlorine atoms are released to the ozone. Which means there are lower toxicity; less flammability (able to be burnt up); do not produce smog. 11	https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-overfishing.php	A major concern right now is the problem of overfishing. Ocean overfishing simply means catching fish from sea at rates too high where fish stocks become too depleted to recover. With oceans taking up over 70% of the Earth, sea creatures and the overall health of marine life is essential for sustaining life elsewhere on the planet, but overfishing is having drastic effects on the future of both ocean and land dwellers.	The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC): A WWF initiative, the MSC is an effort to create a standard that can be implemented to help commercial fisheries maintain production without harming the environment. They now have a certification that fisheries can gain by bringing their practices up to date, labeling seafood for sale so consumers know it came from a reputable place.12	www.wikipedia.org	Introduction of invasive species destroy the habitats of the native species and also it harms the food chain.	Selective breedingSo that no creature loses their habitat because of other species who also disrupt the food chain and have been made hybrid creature or are moved from their home.															Leaders and theirs Brainstorming :Group 1 Deeyan: Problem : On-the-go lifestyles require easily disposable products, such as soda cans or bottles of water, but the accumulation of these products has led to increasing amounts of plastic pollution around the world. As plastic is composed of major toxic pollutants, it has the potential to cause great harm to the environment in the form of air, water and land pollution. Question : Is plastic pollution likely to become more or less of a problem in the future? Solution : A vision of a future free from plastic pollution through Working models : 1] Electricity projector made out of cheap, affordable, everyday items, Electricity generator,solar lamps . Charts on : case studies and statistical display on trends in plastic production and plastics wastes for the past five years. Group 2: MahemaProblem : Deforestation drives climate change. Rising global temperatures damage and kill trees, and increase drought and forest fires. Question : How is deforestation affecting the global community ? Charts on Reasons for Deforestation,case study on impact of deforestation. Solution : Counter acting deforestation Charts on Measures to lower impact of Deforestation, Case study on Amazon Pioneering Drone Technology to Replant Trees on an Industrial Scale Working Model : depicting relocation of trees. Group 3: pehelProblem : Marine Pollution -Most marine debris (80%) comes from trash and debris i.e. land-based sources. Key components of land-based sources include litter, trash and debris from construction, ports and marinas, commercial and industrial facilities, and trash blown out of garbage containers, trucks, and landfills. Question:What are the efforts made in addressing the problem of marine pollution around the globe? Charts on Global extent of marine pollution,case studies Solution : Fishing for Litter: Charts on Government, organisational solutions and individual solutions. Working model : A unique ocean-cleaning technology- an automated rubbish bin for marinal docks to reduce ocean pollution. Group 4: Ananya pProblem : 6.5 million people dying annually from air pollution and 92 per cent of the world’s population living in places where levels exceed recommended limits by UN Model :Filters for emitting detoxified gases through chimneys of factories Solution : charts on causes, effects and solutions of Air pollution. Best of waste creativity : Demonstration of paper recycling, Pouches form plastic bottles, costers , candle holders from CDs.

# data[].attributes.subject
Sr. No	Picture & Link 	Issues/Problems	solutions1	Selectedhttps://www.greenpeace.org.uk/what-we-do/climate/about-climate-change/	As we burn up the planet’s coal, oil and gas supplies and destroy vast areas of forests and peatlands, greenhouse gases are pouring into the atmosphere and disrupting the delicate balance of gases that sustains life on our planet. 	We need to step up our use of clean energy like wind, wave, tidal and solar energyRedesign our transport system by improving and increasing the use of public transport.2	https://www.nrdc.org/stories/how-you-can-stop-global-warming	•	Because human-induced warming is superimposed on a naturally varying climate, the temperature rise has not been, and will not be, uniform or smooth across the country or over time.	Gas-smart cars, such as hybrids and fully electric vehicles, save fuel and money..3	https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/15/world/europe/climate-change-rotterdam.html	Global sea level has risen by about 8 inches since reliable record keeping began in 1880. It is projected to rise another 1 to 4 feet by 2100. This is the result of added water from melting land ice and the expansion of seawater as it warms.	To live with the water, rather than struggle to defeat it. You may wish to pretend that rising seas are a hoax perpetrated by scientists and a gullible news media. 4	https://www.c2es.org/content/drought-and-climate-change/	Climate change is intensifying drought, storms, and floods around the world. Where nature has been destroyed by development, communities are at risk from these intensified climate patterns. Scientists around the world are studying how nature can be a buffer for these intensified weather patterns, and TNC is working with leaders and communities to implement solutions that make a difference for nature and people. 		Other actions that improve resilience to other stressors, like deploying green infrastructure for storm water management or increasing energy efficiency in buildings (thereby using less water-cooled power), can improve resilience to drought as a co-benefit.5	https://sciencing.com/can-stop-glacier-melting-5377309.html	The Arctic is expected to become essentially ice free in summer before mid-century.An indicator of changes in the Arctic sea ice minimum over time. Arctic sea ice extent both affects and is affected by global climate change.	There are many alternative energy technologies available. Solar panels are made up of solar cells that trap the heat from the sun and convert it into energy. Wind turbines are towers that use the kinetic energy from the wind to generate power. 6	https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/urgentissues/oceans/coral-reefs/ways-to-help-coral-reefs/index.htm	Corals reefs are dying due to ocean acidification, water pollution and global warming	Walk, bike or ride the bus. Fossil fuel emissions from cars and industry raise lead to ocean warming which causes mass-bleaching of corals and can lead to widespread destruction of reefs.Volunteer for a coral reef cleanup: You don't live near a coral reef? Then do what many people do with their vacation: visit a coral reef. Spend an afternoon enjoying the beauty of one of the most diverse ecosystems on the Earth.7	http://therevolutionmovie.com/index.php/open-your-eyes/ocean-acidification/solutions/	They are getting hotter because they absorb 90 percent of the extra heat in the climate. This shift causes the oceans to expand, contributing to higher sea levels, and strips corals of their vivid colors. Meanwhile, nearly a third of carbon dioxide emissions end up in the oceans, triggering a chemistry change that makes the water more acidic, dissolving the shells of sea creatures. The ocean is almost 40 percent more acidic than it used to be.Don’t use bottled water. Refuse straws when you eat out. Bring your own reusable containers around with you. Drink from the tap, filter it and use water canteens to refill. Don’t use single use plastic bags.8	https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/phenomenal-ways-to-stop-deforestation-and-protect-our-planet.php	According to the United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the 33 million acres of forestland that are lost annually around the globe are responsible for 20% of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. The main causes for deforestation include wood and paper products, mining and oil exploitation, urbanization, acid rainand wildfires. Other reasons include supplying wood timber for wood and paper products and clear land for crops, cattle and housing.	As an individual or part of the global community, you can at-least plant a tree to combat deforestation. You can take one step further by the choices you make throughout the day when we’re shopping, eating, or even driving. One small step by you, leads to twenty or more giant leaps towards a global campaign against deforestation.9	https://www.ucsusa.org/our-work/global-warming/solutions/global-warming-solutions-reduce-emissions	Along with other gases such as methane and water vapor, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. It absorbs heat energy and prevents it escaping from the Earth's surface into space. The greater the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the more heat energy is absorbed and the hotter the Earth becomes.	Until now, power plants have been allowed to dump unlimited amounts of carbonpollution into the atmosphere — no rules were in effect that limited their emissions of carbon dioxide, the primary driver of global warming. The main thing though is to grow more trees.10	http://wkim2021.wixsite.com/ozonelayer/single-post/2015/11/29/Uses-and-Solutions-of-chlorofluorocarbons-CFCs	Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Synthetic compounds entirely of industrial origin used in a number of applications, but now largely regulated in production and release to the atmosphere by international agreement for their ability to contribute to destruction of the ozone layer. They are also greenhouse gases.	Replacement of the chlorine atom(s) with hydrogen atoms means that less chlorine atoms are released to the ozone. Which means there are lower toxicity; less flammability (able to be burnt up); do not produce smog. 11	https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-overfishing.php	A major concern right now is the problem of overfishing. Ocean overfishing simply means catching fish from sea at rates too high where fish stocks become too depleted to recover. With oceans taking up over 70% of the Earth, sea creatures and the overall health of marine life is essential for sustaining life elsewhere on the planet, but overfishing is having drastic effects on the future of both ocean and land dwellers.	The Marine Stewardship Council (MSC): A WWF initiative, the MSC is an effort to create a standard that can be implemented to help commercial fisheries maintain production without harming the environment. They now have a certification that fisheries can gain by bringing their practices up to date, labeling seafood for sale so consumers know it came from a reputable place.12	www.wikipedia.org	Introduction of invasive species destroy the habitats of the native species and also it harms the food chain.	Selective breedingSo that no creature loses their habitat because of other species who also disrupt the food chain and have been made hybrid creature or are moved from their home.															Leaders and theirs Brainstorming :Group 1 Deeyan: Problem : On-the-go lifestyles require easily disposable products, such as soda cans or bottles of water, but the accumulation of these products has led to increasing amounts of plastic pollution around the world. As plastic is composed of major toxic pollutants, it has the potential to cause great harm to the environment in the form of air, water and land pollution. Question : Is plastic pollution likely to become more or less of a problem in the future? Solution : A vision of a future free from plastic pollution through Working models : 1] Electricity projector made out of cheap, affordable, everyday items, Electricity generator,solar lamps . Charts on : case studies and statistical display on trends in plastic production and plastics wastes for the past five years. Group 2: MahemaProblem : Deforestation drives climate change. Rising global temperatures damage and kill trees, and increase drought and forest fires. Question : How is deforestation affecting the global community ? Charts on Reasons for Deforestation,case study on impact of deforestation. Solution : Counter acting deforestation Charts on Measures to lower impact of Deforestation, Case study on Amazon Pioneering Drone Technology to Replant Trees on an Industrial Scale Working Model : depicting relocation of trees. Group 3: pehelProblem : Marine Pollution -Most marine debris (80%) comes from trash and debris i.e. land-based sources. Key components of land-based sources include litter, trash and debris from construction, ports and marinas, commercial and industrial facilities, and trash blown out of garbage containers, trucks, and landfills. Question:What are the efforts made in addressing the problem of marine pollution around the globe? Charts on Global extent of marine pollution,case studies Solution : Fishing for Litter: Charts on Government, organisational solutions and individual solutions. Working model : A unique ocean-cleaning technology- an automated rubbish bin for marinal docks to reduce ocean pollution. Group 4: Ananya pProblem : 6.5 million people dying annually from air pollution and 92 per cent of the world’s population living in places where levels exceed recommended limits by UN Model :Filters for emitting detoxified gases through chimneys of factories Solution : charts on causes, effects and solutions of Air pollution. Best of waste creativity : Demonstration of paper recycling, Pouches form plastic bottles, costers , candle holders from CDs.

# data[].attributes.body
On our monuments, from the chemical point of view:

In this era , climate  change( global  warming)  has  emerged  as  a  global  environmental  threat. So  there  is  no  any   surprise  that  scientists  would be interested to understand  how climate change  impacts on concrete  from  which   our  infrastructures  are  made.

Concrete deterioration occurs by variety of stimuli including physical, chemical and mechanical factors. Among  the  various ,the major two cause  of  deterioration  are  carbonation  and  chloride  penetration. Carbonation occurs when atmospheric CO₂  penetrates the  concrete structures  and  exposes    steel  reinforcement (makes  the  attachment of  concrete and rod more  fragile)

.Similarly, chloride penetration causes cracking and peeling of various layers of these structures.

However the time for corrosion depends on their location and level of exposure to the environment. Durability of concrete structures depends heavily on the  manner   in  which  they  are  constructed, material  used  as  well  as  the  environmental  condition  they  are  routinely  exposed  to.

Similarly, climate change also badly affects our historical, cultural heritage, which were specially made up of  natural  stones. In the present situation, we all are familiar with the increasing global temperature which rapidly heats the  outer layers of these monument building?s  stones(non conductors)  while  the  inner  layers  of  the  same  stone  is  heated  very  slowly. Due  to  this  vast  temperature  difference ,unequal  expansion   and  contraction  among  the  various  layers  of  stone results  in  peeling  of  stone, cracking of  it  resulting  in  pore  formation   and  finally  leads  to  the  damage  of  monument. This  process  is  heavily  supported  by  the  temperature  difference  observed  in  day to  night, summer  to  winter .This  increasing  temperature   may  cause  high  dryness  in  the  stone  and  alters  the  chemical  composition  of  the  stone  making  it  more  fragile and brittle .This  dryness  may  result  in  conversion  of  gypsum  to  anhydrite  as  follows,

CaSO₄.2H₂O      into                         CaSO₄+H₂O

Due to raise in percentage of CO2  in  atmosphere, CO₂  gets  transformed  into  carbonic  acid(H2CO3)   when it comes in contact  with atmospheric  moisture. Thereafter, carbonic acid thus formed interacts with basic mineral components of stones and transforms them into soluble salts leading to damage of stone structures. Both of these corrosion mechanisms are influenced by climate change.