# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Neonatal Care Leave & Pay entitlements available now

Following 10 years of campaigning for families of premature babies, The Smallest Things is delighted the Neonatal Care Leave and Pay Act is now in force

The long-overdue Neonatal Care Leave and Pay Act came into force on 6 April and thousands of parents whose babies are born sick or premature will be eligible for extra leave and pay.

This follows a decade of campaigning led by The Smallest Things and powered by the parent voice. As neonatal parents ourselves, we know first-hand how essential these legal changes are for families going through the toughest of times.

"The stress and trauma experienced by families during a neonatal stay cannot be underestimated. In an instant, our world is turned upside down. No parent or carer should be sitting beside an incubator worrying about pay or work. "

- Catriona Ogilvy, Founder of The Smallest Things

We know that for some neonatal families this news is bittersweet. If you've just missed out on these entitlements, you can use our template email to write to your employer asking for compassion and for them to honour the spirit of the new law.

What you need to know

The new entitlements came into effect on 6 April 2025.

They are available to employed parents of babies admitted to hospital up to the age of 28 days who have a continuous stay in hospital of seven days or more.

Eligible parents can take up to 12 weeks of additional leave on top of any maternity or paternity leave. This will be a Day One right (available from your first day on the job).

You will be paid for this additional neonatal leave at the statutory rate if you earn more than £123 per week and have worked for your employer for more than 26 weeks.

The leave must be taken within the first 68 weeks after your baby's or babies' birth.

The Smallest Things' Employer with Heart charter goes above and beyond these statutory requirements to give parents extended leave for the number of days between birth date and due date at full pay.

Parent voices on a lasting journey

Parents have been fighting for extended paid leave for families of premature babies for a decade. The Smallest Things harnessed the power of the parent voice, with more than 357,000 people signing The Smallest Things' petition , to call on the government to extend paid parental leave for neonatal families. Mums, dads and partners have bravely shared their stories of neonatal care and beyond. In doing so they have shone a light on the realities of life after NICU, helping to raise awareness in calling for more time with their babies.

"This much-needed additional leave and pay means parents and carers can be with their baby or babies in hospital. We know the journey doesn't end when it's time to go home. The new law will give families essential time at home to bond, begin to recover from trauma and to care for a fragile baby or babies without the pressure of finances or returning to work too soon. "

- Catriona Ogilvy, Founder of The Smallest Things

We know it's a long journey, with more than 80% of parents telling us the neonatal journey doesn't end when their baby or babies leave the hospital: over half of babies are readmitted and 71% worry about the long-term outcomes for their child. Perhaps unsurprisingly, almost a quarter of parents are diagnosed with PTSD after time in NICU. This additional time will help.

"My son Harry spent 107 days in hospital, taking up 3.5 months of my wife Sally's maternity leave. Harry and Sam were born 15 weeks early at 25 weeks' gestation in October 2015. Sadly, despite fighting hard, Sam passed away after 16 days yet Harry fought on with lots of challenges. When we finally brought Harry home he was on oxygen and most days were spent at check-ups or hospital visits. It wasn't until he was six months that appointments became less frequent and by then we were already planning Sally's return to school as a teacher.

If we had received additional leave, we would have been able to spend more time with Harry and savour being together as a family. We could have had some time to come to terms with the loss of Sam and be more prepared and able to commit to returning to the workforce. Bringing in additional neonatal leave will support families all over the country and enable them to focus on those precious moments you never get back."

- Matt, NICU dad to Harry and Sam

The Smallest Things 'Employer with Heart' goes above and beyond the statutory requirements in the new legislation. Truly compassionate, family-friendly companies and organisations are choosing to offer enhanced benefits to neonatal families and sign our Employer with Heart charter. Does your employer's logo hang alongside the likes of Sony, Santander, Nationwide and Royal Carribbean in our Hall of Fame?

What enhanced benefits do Employers with Heart offer?

Parents of babies born prematurely (before 37 weeks') are entitled to extend their parental leave by the number of days between their baby's birth and their due date ( not the number of days they are in hospital).

Extended leave is paid at full pay ( not statutory) for the duration.

Employers with Heart support parents returning to work after premature birth and agree to consider flexible working and additional leave applications.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Neonatal Care Leave and Pay - The Smallest Things

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The long-overdue Neonatal Care Leave and Pay Act is now in force and thousands of parents whose babies are born sick or premature will be eligible for extra leave and pay. This follows a decade of campaigning led by The Smallest Things and powered by the parent voice.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We use cookies to give you the best possible online experience. If you continue, we will assume you are happy for your web browser to receive all cookies from our website. Accept

Baby Check App

Baby Check features 19 simple checks that parents can do if their baby is showing signs of illness. Each check tests for a different symptom and when completed, a score is calculated that tells parents or carers how ill their baby is. The app then lets parents know whether their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional.

Download for FREE from Google Play or the App Store.

Buy posters, business cards and other materials to help promote Baby Check to your clients and patients

Shop

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Baby Check App helps parents decide if their baby needs to see a doctor or health professional

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Find your local unit

Hospitals often have a unit or ward dedicated to caring for babies who require additional support after birth, which cannot be provided on the Maternity wards.

These are often referred to in different ways such as the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), Neonatal Unit (NNU) or Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

Latest News

For the latest news, please follow us on

NWNODN working in close collaboration with

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
North West Neonatal Operational Delivery Network

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find your local unit Hospitals often have a unit or ward dedicated to caring for babies who require additional support after birth, which cannot be provided on the Maternity wards.

# data[].attributes.headline
Screening tests for you and your baby: babies in special care units

# data[].attributes.subject
Screening tests for you and your baby: babies in special care units

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Public Health England ( PHE) created this information on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening.

This leaflet is for parents of babies who are in a special care baby unit, neonatal intensive care unit or paediatric intensive care unit.

We understand this is likely to be a stressful time for you and your family. This information will help you and your health professionals to talk through how newborn screening tests fit into all the other parts of your baby's care. This information should support, but not replace, discussions you have with health professionals.

It explains some important differences in the way newborn screening tests are carried out for babies in special care baby units. It is important you also read the Screening tests for you and your baby booklet that you received during your pregnancy. This explains all the screening tests offered for newborn babies.

The screening tests covered here should ideally be completed before you take your baby home.

If your baby was born very prematurely, born before 28 weeks, you may need to wait a few weeks for some tests. Newborn hearing screening testing can only happen once a baby reaches 34 weeks corrected age.

Corrected age is the number of weeks after becoming pregnant, rather than the number of weeks after birth.

For example, a baby born after 28 weeks of pregnancy would need to wait 6 weeks after birth to have their newborn hearing screening test.

Your baby's health care team will be able to answer any questions you might have.

It is your choice whether or not to have any of the tests described in this booklet.

The NHS Screening Programmes use your personal information to ensure you are invited for screening at the right time. PHE also uses your information to ensure you receive high quality care. You can find out more about how your information is used and protected, and your options.

1. Eyes, heart, hips and testes (physical examination)

1.1 The purpose of the screening test

All babies should be offered a newborn physical examination after birth. This includes examination of the eyes, heart, hips and testes (in boys).

1.2 How the test is different

The newborn physical examination screening tests will not be done until your baby is well enough. If you choose to have this screening test, the examination should take place before your baby goes home.

You will be offered a further examination when your baby is 6 to 8 weeks of age, as some conditions can become apparent later.

2. Blood spot

2.1 The purpose of the screening test

The test is to find out if your baby has any of 9 rare but serious health conditions. These are:

sickle cell disease (SCD)

cystic fibrosis (CF)

congenital hypothyroidism (CHT)

6 inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs):

phenylketonuria (PKU)

medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD)

maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)

isovaleric acidaemia (IVA)

glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1)

homocystinuria (pyridoxine unresponsive) (HCU)

Early treatment can improve your baby's health and prevent severe disability or even death. If you or a family member already has one of these conditions, please tell your baby's health care team straight away.

2.2 Why screening is different for babies in special care units

The blood spot sample is usually taken when a baby is 5 days old. However, the timing is different when a baby is ill and in a special care baby unit.

2.3 How the test is different

The blood spot sample needs to be taken as soon as possible after your baby is born to screen for SCD. This is in case your baby needs a blood transfusion - the test for SCD would be inaccurate if a sample for screening is taken after a transfusion.

Another blood spot sample to screen for the other conditions will then be taken when your baby is 5 days old. If your baby has a transfusion, this test might be delayed until they are 8 days old.

If your baby is born before 32 weeks of pregnancy, another sample should be taken to test for CHT. This should happen when your baby is 28 days old or when you take your baby home, whichever comes first.

2.4 Getting my results

You should receive your baby's results by letter or from your health visitor within 6 weeks.

3. Hearing loss

3.1 The purpose of the screening test

To find babies who have a permanent hearing loss so that support and advice can be offered right from the start.

3.2 Why screening is different for babies in special care units

1 to 2 babies in every 1,000 are born with a permanent hearing loss in one or both ears. This number increases to about 1 in every 100 babies who have spent at least 48 hours in a special care unit.

Your baby will need to be at least 34 weeks corrected age before having their hearing screening test. The test can be carried out up to 3 months of age and should be done when treatment is complete and your baby is well enough.

Your baby's health care team will advise the most appropriate time for your baby's test to take place.

3.3 How the test is different

If your baby has been in a special care baby unit for more than 48 hours, they will need to have 2 types of hearing screening tests.

These are an AOAE (automated otoacoustic emission) test and an AABR (automated auditory brainstem response) test.

If the test results do not show a clear response, an appointment will be made with a hearing specialist in the audiology department. About 9 babies in every 100 cared for in a special care unit for more than 48 hours do not show a clear response to the screening tests. It is very important that you attend the appointment in case your baby has a hearing loss.

Finding out about hearing loss early gives babies a better chance of developing language, speech and communication skills.

Screening does not pick up all types of hearing loss, so it is important to check your child's hearing as they grow up. If you have any concerns about your child's hearing, you should tell your health visitor or GP.

4. Infectious diseases

4.1 The purpose of the screening test

During pregnancy, we offer and recommend women a blood test to screen for infectious diseases like hepatitis B, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and syphilis.

Premature babies born to mothers who have tested positive for hepatitis B will need special monitoring and care.

4.2 How follow-on care is different

Babies born weighing less than 1500g need immunoglobulin (antibodies that fight infection) and the hepatitis B vaccination.

It is very important premature babies have all 6 recommended hepatitis B vaccinations at the right age. Very premature babies (born before 28 weeks) may need their breathing monitored for 2 to 3 days after their first vaccination.

Vaccinations should take place:

within 24 hours at birth (and immunoglobulin)

at 4 weeks of age

at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age (part of routine childhood immunisation schedule)

at one year of age

Babies also need to have a blood test at their final vaccination at one year to check if infection has been avoided.

5. More information

Details of organisations that can provide support for parents when their baby needs special care are available on NHS.UK.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Screening tests for you and your baby: babies in special care units

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Public Health England ( PHE) created this information on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening. This leaflet is for parents of babies who are in a special care baby unit, neonatal intensive care unit or paediatric intensive care unit.

# data[].attributes.body
Dinky Devas is the Countess of Chester neonatal parents support group. We provide parents with the opportunity to connect with a fellow parent who understands what it is like to have a baby or babies in special care.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Dinky Devas Countess of Chester Neonatal Unit Support Group has 338 members. Dinky Devas is the Countess of Chester neonatal parents support group. We provide parents with the opportunity to connect...

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
For babies born premature or sick | Bliss

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Our vision is that every baby born premature or sick in the UK has the best chance of survival and quality of life.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Preventing Traumatic Head Injury in Babies by PHE in Partnership with ICON

# data[].attributes.headline
Your baby's Care - measuring standards and improving neonatal care 2022

# data[].attributes.subject
Your baby's Care - measuring standards and improving neonatal care 2022

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We aim to help dads have successful relationships with their families, and to support dads with anxiety, stress and mental health issues.

We hope to get dads engaged with services that have traditionally been targeted at mums, and to train & support volunteer dads to work with us.

We work directly with services that support Dads, families and especially babies to increase engagement and knowledge across the sector.

We want to make sure dads know how important they are, how to access support when they need it and why it's essential for baby's development.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
VOLUNTEER WITH US EVENTS REGISTRATION FIND SUPPORT IN YOUR AREA DONATE HERE We aim to help dads have successful relationships with their families, and to support dads with anxiety, stress and mental health issues. We hope to get dads engaged with services that have traditionally been targeted at mums,

# data[].attributes.body
Please click the picture below to access all our resources about feeding your baby

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
CATCH - Common Approach To Children's Health

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
CATCH eases the sense of information overload, particularly regarding pregnancy and children's health. With the number of resources available, it can be difficult to know who to trust. CATCH provides local NHS-approved information with your best interests at heart, so you won't need to look elsewhere.

# data[].attributes.headline
Spectra breast pumps - how to use guide 

# data[].attributes.subject
Spectra breast pumps - how to use guide 

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Use the Spectra S1 Plus and S2 Plus Breast Pump

# data[].attributes.headline
Chester Maternity Neonatal Voice Partnership (MNVP)

# data[].attributes.subject
Chester Maternity Neonatal Voice Partnership (MNVP)

# data[].attributes.body
We would like to hear about your experiences of Maternity and Neonatal Care

# data[].attributes.headline
A stay in neonatal care - An animated guide

# data[].attributes.subject
A stay in neonatal care - An animated guide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A stay in neonatal care - An animated guide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Unicef UK Baby Friendly Initiative | Hand expression

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This short clip, produced by the Unicef UK Baby Friendly Initiative, provides an overview of hand expression and how to hand express successfully. Find out more www.babyfriendly.org.uk

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Feeding your baby on the neonatal unit can be different to what you had planned, but you can still find the best way of feeding for you and your baby. Find out more here.

# data[].attributes.headline
You and your baby: Supporting love and nurture on the neonatal unit - UNICEF

# data[].attributes.subject
You and your baby: Supporting love and nurture on the neonatal unit - UNICEF

# data[].attributes.body
Supporting parents of babies born premature or sick

# data[].attributes.headline
Tommy's - The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

# data[].attributes.subject
Tommy's - The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Premature (or preterm) birth is when a baby is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. If this happens, your baby may need special care and treatment.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Neonatal Care Leave and Pay: Guidance and FAQs | Bliss

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 – a new leave and pay entitlement for parents with a baby in neonatal care – comes into effect in England, Scotland and Wales on 6 April 2025.

# data[].attributes.body
How it works

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Skip to content

Giving medicines to babies

The Medicines for Children team are delighted to share a series of resources for parents and carers. They provide information to support safe use of medicines for babies at home.

These resources were developed by parents and a collaboration of five hospitals across the UK and Ireland. The 'PADDINGToN Study' (Parent co-Designed Drug Information for parents and Guardians Taking Neonates home) was led by Alder Hey Children's Hospital in Liverpool and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.

Contact and NHS helplines

If your child is seriously ill, telephone 999 (UK only) or 112 for emergency help.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Medicines information for parents and carers taking babies home with medicines

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Skip to content The Medicines for Children team are delighted to share a series of resources for parents and carers. They provide information to support safe use of medicines for babies at home. These resources were developed by parents and a collaboration of five hospitals across the UK and Ireland.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Public Health England (PHE) created this information on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word ‘we’ refers to the NHS service that provides screening.

# data[].attributes.headline
Newborn hearing screening: your baby’s visit to the audiology clinic

# data[].attributes.subject
Newborn hearing screening: your baby’s visit to the audiology clinic

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Public Health England (PHE) created this information on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening.

This leaflet explains why your baby needs to see an audiologist for more tests at an audiology clinic and what those tests involve. An audiologist is a health professional who specialises in hearing.

1. Your baby's visit to the audiology clinic

Audiology clinics have special equipment to test your baby's hearing. These tests will give better information about your baby's hearing.

Early testing means you will know if your baby has a hearing loss when they are still very young. This is important for their future development.

Your baby needs more tests because their hearing screening tests did not show a clear response in one or both ears. About 2 to 3 babies in every 100 do not show a clear response and are referred to audiology.

Most babies tested at an audiology clinic are found to have satisfactory hearing.

About 1 in 15 babies tested at the audiology clinic have a permanent hearing loss in one or both ears. Some have a temporary hearing loss. Finding out about hearing loss early gives babies a better chance of developing language, speech and communication skills as well as making sure their families receive the support they need.

It is important you bring your baby to the appointment. This is because they may need other tests to find a possible cause if they do have a hearing loss. These tests should be performed within the first few weeks of birth.

Some babies who have a hearing loss do react to sounds. The hearing loss may not be picked up without the tests in audiology.

If your baby does have a hearing loss, it is important to find out as soon as possible.

2. What happens at the clinic

The appointment will usually take about 1 to 2 hours. This includes time to settle your baby. The tests give more detailed information about your baby's hearing. They will not hurt or be uncomfortable for your baby. You can stay with your baby while they are tested.

The audiologist may use an otoacoustic emission ( OAE) test. This involves putting a small soft-tipped earpiece in the outer part of your baby's ear. The earpiece sends clicking sounds down the ear.

The inner part of the ear, known as the cochlea, usually produces a response when it receives sound. The testing equipment can pick up this response.

They may also use an auditory brainstem response ( ABR) test. This involves placing small sensors on your baby.

Sounds at different frequencies are played in your baby's ears. A computer records the response so the audiologist can measure how well your baby's ears respond.

Your audiologist will tell you what the results mean and if your baby needs any more appointments.

3. Possible results

If the tests show a hearing loss, your audiologist will explain what the results mean. Your baby may need more tests to measure the amount and type of hearing loss.

The results of the tests will help the audiologist give you and your baby the right support and information.

If you are told your baby has satisfactory hearing, this means they are unlikely to have a hearing loss. But children can develop a hearing loss later, so it is important to check their hearing as they grow up.

Your personal child health record book contains checklists of the sounds your baby should react to and the sounds they should make as they grow older.

If you have any concerns you should discuss them with your health visitor or GP. Your child's hearing can be tested again at any age.

4. More information

You can contact the audiology department that will carry out the test. You can also speak to your hearing screening team, health visitor, midwife or GP.

If the time of the appointment you have been given is not convenient, please telephone to rearrange. As you may be in the audiology clinic for a while, please make sure you have enough nappies and feeds for your baby. You may also want to bring somebody with you.

Read more about newborn hearing on the NHS website.

Contact the National Deaf Children's Society:

The NHS Screening Programmes use your personal information to ensure you are invited for screening at the right time. Public Health England also uses your information to ensure you receive high quality care. You can find out more about how your information is used and protected, and your options.

You can contact us for a Braille version of this leaflet.

Get more information about newborn hearing screening.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newborn hearing screening: your baby's visit to the audiology clinic

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Public Health England (PHE) created this information on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening. This leaflet explains why your baby needs to see an audiologist for more tests at an audiology clinic and what those tests involve.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This information is available in verified by experts in our Editorial Board including representatives from Royal College of Midwives, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health and Royal College of Psychiatrists as well as other key health organisations in the UK. To download Baby Buddy, visit the relevant app store of your choice:

Introduction

The first video from the Small Wonders DVD explains the different levels of care your baby might need, and who might give it. We meet some of the families and hospital staff, and guide you as to how to use this DVD to get support, wherever you are on your journey.

In the second video from the Small Wonders DVD, we meet three families, two who had time to prepare for life in a neonatal unit and one who had very little warning. We see three births, one of which is the birth of triplets, and we follow the babies being prepared for transfer to the neonatal unit.

First hours

The third video from the Small Wonders DVD provides a look into the first hours and days in the neonatal unit and shows you how you, as a parent, can play a very important role in your baby's care.

Expressing breast milk

The fourth video from the Small Wonders DVD shows how mothers can express breast milk for their baby within a few hours of giving birth (if at all possible mothers should express milk within the first 6 hours after giving birth). Starting to express breast milk early and expressing milk often will help your body produce plenty of milk for the weeks and months to come.

Holding your baby

The fifth video from the Small Wonders DVD shows how skin-to-skin contact (also known as 'kangaroo care') can help both you and your baby. You will see families move from being nervous to being able to hold their babies with confidence.

Your time in hospital

The sixth video from the Small Wonders DVD follows families as they begin to feel more confident in caring for their babies on the neonatal unit. You will also see how some of our families cope with their baby's condition getting worse.

Feeding independently

The seventh video from the Small Wonders DVD follows four families as they learn to help their babies feed independently of tubes. Although some babies may go home being fed by tube, most will be feeding independently before they are discharged from hospital, whether they are breastfeeding or formula-feeding.

Preparing for home

The eighth video from the Small Wonders DVD covers what to expect when your baby is ready to leave hospital. We follow five families as they prepare to go home.

First months at home

The ninth video from the Small Wonders DVD follows nine families enjoying the early weeks and months at home with their pre-term baby. They all have different experiences and challenges.

Twins and triplets

The tenth video from the Small Wonders DVD follows four families who had twins or triplets and discovers some some of the joys and challenges that come with having more than one baby.

Bereavement

This video from the Small Wonders DVD is only for families who have to deal with bereavement. We have included it because parents asked us to. Only watch this video if you feel it will be helpful to you and please be aware that everyone's experience of bereavement is different and may not reflect your own. This film follows the journeys of families who lost babies during filming and chose to carry on sharing their experiences to help others.

The twelfth and final video from the Small Wonders DVD shows the families whose journeys we have been following in films 1 to 10 looking back on their experiences and sharing their thoughts and feelings.

Latest

The Impact Lead will focus on developing Best Beginnings' frameworks for monitoring and evaluating our national and international work ensuring that learning continues to be captured in ways that can be shared and used for effective advocacy and influencing. The successful candidate will also play a pivotal role influencing policy and its implementation within the maternity, early years, digital health and public health context.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Small Wonders videos have been designed to help you on your journey with your sick or premature baby.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
News About us Get involved Run For Us Picnic Meet with your MP to ask for Neonatal Leave Now How to Fundraise You give | we do Subscribe to our newsletter Who We Are Our Mission After NICU: A post pandemic report 2021 Prem Aware Award Your premature child at

# data[].attributes.headline
Bob, whose experience of fatherhood was unlike anything he had expected.

# data[].attributes.subject
Bob, whose experience of fatherhood was unlike anything he had expected.

# data[].attributes.body
A cartoonist’s journey into
first-time fatherhood

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A cartoonist's journey into first-time fatherhood

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to Give Baby CPR - First Aid Training - St John Ambulance

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What to do if Your Baby is Choking - First Aid Training - St John Ambulance

# data[].attributes.headline
Lullaby Trust - Safer sleep advice for premature and low birth weight babies

# data[].attributes.subject
Lullaby Trust - Safer sleep advice for premature and low birth weight babies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Preparing for baby: safer sleep advice summary

# data[].attributes.headline
Buying baby products, a guide for parents

# data[].attributes.subject
Buying baby products, a guide for parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Buying baby products: the ultimate guide for expectant parents

# data[].attributes.headline
Reducing the risk of SIDS for premature babies

# data[].attributes.subject
Reducing the risk of SIDS for premature babies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Babies who are born prematurely (before 37 weeks) or of low birth weight (under 2.5kgs) are particularly vulnerable and it is important that all the safe sleep advice is followed. Premature babies are sometimes slept on their front in hospital for special medical reasons. When they are getting ready to go home these babies should always sleep on their back to reduce the risk of sudden infant death.

Download our Safer Sleep Advice for Premature Babies guide below for further information on reducing the risk of SIDS.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Babies who are born prematurely (before 37 weeks) or of low birth weight (under 2.5kgs) are particularly vulnerable and it is important that all the safe sleep advice is followed. Premature babies are sometimes slept on their front in hospital for special medical reasons. When they are getting ready to go home these babies should [...]

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The safest cot is a clear cot

The safest cot for a baby is a clear cot. That means removing anything that isn't essential. Babies need just two items in their cot:

It's important to remove anything that isn't essential because items such as toys, blankets and bumpers could cover their face and obstruct their breathing.

When preparing your baby's sleep space, remember:

No pillows or duvets

No cot bumpers

No soft toys or comforters

No weighted or bulky bedding

No products designed to keep your baby in one sleeping position, such as wedges or straps

No pods or nests, rolled up towels or anything soft placed on top of the mattress.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Safer sleep overview - The Lullaby Trust

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
An easy guide to practicing safer sleep for your baby and reducing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, or cot death).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Infant Sleep Info website is full of helpful sleep info for parents and health practitioners, but it can be hard to read on a mobile device, especially a smart phone.

The *NEW 2017* Infant Sleep Info App provides key information from the Basis website in a handy format for mobile devices. Covering normal sleep development, sleep location and sleep safety the familiar info from the website is delivered in smaller chunks. Two features are exclusive to the app

A bed-sharing decision tool guides parents through the key considerations for safe bed-sharing, and explains when bed-sharing may be inadvisable and why.

A sleep log tool helps parents track their baby's sleep, displaying this info on a chart depicting the range of normal sleep for infants of different ages to provide reassurance!

Download here from the Apple App Store Download here from the Google Play store
Or search for 'Infant Sleep Info' or 'Infant Sleep Info Durham Uni' and locate the baby icon.

Key Features of Infant Sleep App

* Bed-sharing decision tool.

* Where will my baby sleep?

* How will my baby sleep?

* Sleep log to track baby's sleep

* Links to Basis info sheets.

* Links to Basis partner organisations

Frequently asked questions about the app

1. How much does the Basis app cost? Nothing! It is free :)

2. Is this a new app? Yes the previous version required updating for the new iOS update, so we redesigned the app, refreshed the look and the content, and added several new info sections. The old app has now been withdrawn.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Infant Sleep Info website is full of helpful sleep info for parents and health practitioners, but it can be hard to read on a mobile device, especially a smart phone. The *NEW 2017* Infant Sleep Info App provides key information from the Basis website in a handy format for mobile devices.

# data[].attributes.body
Parents and carers: help is at hand. If your child chokes on a sweet or suffers a nasty cut, you'll only be a few clicks away from knowing exactly what to do.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Baby and child first aid app - British Red Cross

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Baby and child first aid app - British Red Cross

# data[].attributes.body
Parents and carers: help is at hand. If your child chokes on a sweet or suffers a nasty cut, you'll only be a few clicks away from knowing exactly what to do.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Baby and child first aid app - British Red Cross

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Baby and child first aid app - British Red Cross

# data[].attributes.body
ICON is a programme that provides information about infant crying and how to cope.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This page contains information that you or parents you know may find useful. Please feel free to share, download and use the content on this page.

Infant crying is normal and it will stop! Babies start to cry more frequently from around 2 weeks of age. Click on this LINK to read more about infant crying.

Comfort methods can sometimes soothe the baby and the crying will stop. Is the baby hungry, tired or in need of a nappy change? Click on this LINK to download some comfort techniques.

It's okay to walk away if you have checked the baby is safe and the crying is getting to you. After a few minutes when you are feeling calm, go back and check on the baby.

Never, ever shake or hurt a baby. It can cause lasting brain damage and death.

Looking for more advice? Download our infographics.

Please note that some may find this video distressing. Viewer discretion is advised

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This page contains information that you or parents you know may find useful. Please feel free to share, download and use the content on this page. Infant crying is normal and it will stop! Babies start to cry more frequently from around 2 weeks of age.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
All babies cry, and some more than others. Crying is your baby's way of telling you they need comfort and care.
Sometimes it's easy to work out what they want, and sometimes it's not.

The most common reasons for crying are:

hunger

a dirty or wet nappy

tiredness

wanting a cuddle

wind

being too hot or too cold

boredom

overstimulation

There may be times of the day when your baby tends to cry a lot and cannot be comforted. Early evening is the most common time for this to happen.

This can be hard for you, as it's often the time when you're most tired and least able to cope.

The amount babies cry tends to peak at about 7 weeks, then gradually tail off.

How to calm a crying baby

Try some of the following ways to comfort your baby. Some may work better than others:

If you're breastfeeding, let your baby suckle at your breast.

Having some gentle noise in the background may help distract your baby.

Some older babies like to use a bit of cloth or a blanket as a comforter.

Hold your baby or put them in a sling so they're close to you. Move about gently, sway and dance, talk to them and sing.

Rock your baby backwards and forwards in the pram, or go out for a walk or a drive. Lots of babies like to sleep in cars. Even if they wake up again when you stop, at least you'll have had a break.

Find something for them to listen to or look at. This could be music on the radio, a CD, a rattle, or a mobile above the cot.

Try stroking your baby's back firmly and rhythmically, holding them against you or lying face downwards on your lap.

Undress your baby and massage them gently and firmly. Avoid using any oils or lotions until your baby's at least a month old. Talk soothingly as you do it and keep the room warm enough. Some health centres and clinics run baby massage courses. For information, ask your midwife or health visitor.

Try a warm bath. This calms some babies instantly, but makes others cry even more.

Sometimes too much rocking and singing can keep your baby awake. You might find lying them down after a feed will help.

Ask your health visitor for advice.

Crying during feeds

Some babies cry and seem unsettled around the time of a feed. If you're breastfeeding, you may find that improving your baby's positioning and attachment helps them settle.

You can go to a breastfeeding drop-in group and ask for help if there's one available in your local area.

The Breastfeeding Network's website can provide information on the nearest group to you.

You can also ask your health visitor for advice.

Crying during feeds can sometimes be a symptom of reflux, a common condition where babies bring back milk after feeds.

Speak to your health visitor or GP for more information and advice.

If your baby cries constantly

There are several reasons that can cause a baby to cry excessively.

It can be exhausting if you have tried everything and nothing seems to comfort your baby.

Colic

Excessive crying could be a sign that your baby has colic. Everyone agrees that colic exists, but nobody knows what causes it.

Some doctors think it's a kind of stomach cramp. The crying sounds miserable and distressed, and stops for a moment or two, then starts up again, which suggests it could be caused by waves of stomach pain.

The crying can go on for some hours. There may be little you can do except try to comfort your baby and wait for the crying to pass.
Get tips for coping with colic
Crying and illness

If your baby's crying constantly and you cannot console or distract them, or the cry does not sound like their normal cry, it can be a sign they're ill.

Or they may be ill if they're crying and have other symptoms, such as a high temperature. If this is the case, contact your health visitor or GP.

During the day, Monday to Friday, contact your GP surgery. At evenings and weekends you can call NHS 111 or your GP's out-of-hours number.

Call 999 and ask for an ambulance if your baby:

has a fit (seizure or convulsion)

has blue, mottled, ashen (grey) or very pale skin

breathes rapidly or makes a throaty noise while breathing, or seems to be working hard to breathe, perhaps sucking in their stomach under their ribcage

has a high temperature, but their hands and feet feel cold

has a spotty purple-red rash anywhere on the body - this could be a sign of meningitis

Find out the signs of serious illness in your baby
Trust your instincts. You know what's different or worrying behaviour in your baby.

Getting help with a crying baby

You can talk to a friend, your health visitor or GP, or contact the Cry-sis helpline on 08451 228 669, open 9am to 10pm, 7 days a week. You'll be charged for your call.

Cry-sis can put you in touch with other parents who have been in the same situation.

You can also visit the Cry-sis website for information on coping with crying babies.

If you decide to talk to your health visitor or GP, it can help to keep a record of how often and when your baby cries.

For example, this might be after every feed or during the evening. This can help your health visitor or GP to work out if there's a particular cause for the crying.

Keeping a record can also help you identify the times when you need extra support. You could think about possible changes to your routine.

There may be times when you're so tired and angry you feel like you cannot take any more. This happens to a lot of parents, so do not be ashamed to ask for help.

If you do not have anyone who can take care of your baby for a short time and the crying is making you stressed, put your baby in their cot or pram, make sure they're safe, close the door, go into another room and try to calm yourself down.

Set a time limit - for example, 10 minutes - then go back.

Never shake your baby

No matter how frustrated you feel, you must never shake your baby. Shaking moves their head violently and can cause brain damage.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
All babies cry, and some more than others. Crying is your baby's way of telling you they need comfort and care. Sometimes it's easy to work out what they want, and sometimes it's not.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Skip to main content

Cookies on GOV.UK

We use some essential cookies to make this website work.

We'd like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services.

We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services.

You have accepted additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

You have rejected additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

Accept additional cookies Reject additional cookies View cookies

Children must normally use a child car seat until they're 12 years old or 135 centimetres tall, whichever comes first.

Children over 12 or more than 135cm tall must wear a seat belt.

You can choose a child car seat based on your child's height or weight.

Height-based seats

Height-based seats are known as 'i-Size' seats. They must be rear-facing until your child is over 15 months old. Your child can use a forward-facing child car seat when they're over 15 months old.

You must check the seat to make sure it's suitable for the height of your child.

Only EU-approved height-based child car seats can be used in the UK. These have a label showing a capital 'E' in a circle and 'R129'.

Weight-based seats

The seat your child can use (and the way they must be restrained in it) depends on their weight.

Only EU-approved weight-based child car seats can be used in the UK. These have a label showing a capital 'E' in a circle and 'ECE R44'.

You may be able to choose from more than one type of seat in the group for your child's weight.

0kg to 10kg

0

Lie-flat or 'lateral' baby carrier, rear-facing baby carrier, or rear-facing baby seat using a harness

0kg to 13kg

0+

Rear-facing baby carrier or rear-facing baby seat using a harness

9kg to 18kg

1

Rear- or forward-facing baby seat using a harness or safety shield

15kg to 25kg

2

Rear- or forward-facing child car seat (high-backed booster seat or booster cushion) using a seat belt, harness or safety shield

22kg to 36kg

3

Rear- or forward-facing child car seat (high-backed booster seat or booster cushion) using a seat belt, harness or safety shield

Manufacturers can now only make booster cushions approved as group 3. This won't affect any existing booster cushions in group 2 and you'll still be able to use them.

Fitting a child car seat

You must only use a child car seat if your car's seat belt has a diagonal strap, unless the seat is either:

specifically designed for use with a lap seat belt

fitted using ISOFIX anchor points

You must also:

deactivate any front airbags before fitting a rear-facing baby seat in a front seat

not fit a child car seat in side-facing seats

Children with disabilities or medical conditions

The same rules apply for children with disabilities or medical conditions, but they can use a disabled person's seat belt or a child restraint designed for their needs.

A doctor can issue an exemption certificate if a child is unable to use a restraint or seat belt because of their condition.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The rules for child car seats and booster seats - height, weight, age, type of vehicle, car, minibus, licensed taxi

# data[].attributes.body
Columns are titled for ease of search
- click on the website link (if present) or photograph to open the link/webpage/document /video
- scroll right to see all topics
- scroll down each column to find additional links/information

# data[].attributes.headline
The Smallest Things Premature Baby Charity

# data[].attributes.subject
The Smallest Things Premature Baby Charity

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We've been there too

It's impossible to know what it's like behind NICU doors unless you've walked those corridors, scrubbed your hands, heard the alarms and felt the fear of losing the most precious thing in the world to you. We get it because we've been there too. The Smallest Things is run entirely by volunteers who've had premature babies. And that's exactly what inspires us to support families, raise awareness and instigate change. We believe in a better world for families of premature babies. A world in which parents have the time they need before returning to work, without money worries; the support they need after they leave the hospital; and the reassurance that they are not alone on their journey. Because prematurity doesn't end when you leave NICU.

Founder and chair
Catriona is a paediatric occupational therapist, with nearly twenty years experience working with children, young people and families. She was chair of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists Specialist Section for Children and Young People (2009 - 2011) and founded the Smallest Things premature baby charity in September 2014 following the premature birth of both her sons. Having worked in NHS hospitals, including in neonatal intensive care units, for many years, Catriona now works with children and young people in the community, specialising in Special Educational Needs.

Communications director
Sarah cut her teeth as a journalist at the BBC in 2002 and now works in content marketing for global brands with a focus on health and family. As Editor of Tesco Magazine she oversaw Cancer Research UK's Race for Life magazine and ran communications workshops for CLIC Sargent. A former parent adviser for Bliss, she currently volunteers for TAMBA (Twins and Multiple Birth Association) Bereavement Support Group. Sarah gave birth to premature twins at 28 weeks and spent over six months in NICU before her youngest died from surgical complications.

Strategy director
Matt works in the public sector and has held jobs in homelessness and children's services at Birmingham City Council during his 12 years with the local authority. He is currently Head of Business Change at Core Assets, one of the UK's largest independent providers of children's services. Matt and his wife, Sally, had their daughter Isabelle at 34 weeks' gestation back in 2011 and then twin boys Harry and Sam at 25 weeks' gestation in 2015. Sadly, Sam was too fragile and passed away at 16 days old. After various fundraising events and activities raising money as #prematurerockstar for different premature baby charities, including The Smallest Things, Matt became one of our Trustees in 2018.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Who We Are - About - The Smallest Things

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We get it because we've been there too. The Smallest Things is run entirely by volunteers who've had premature babies. And that's exactly what inspires us to support families, raise awareness and instigate change. We believe in a better world for families of premature babies.

# data[].attributes.body
Information for families

# data[].attributes.body
Click the link below for resources about mental health and wellbeing

# data[].attributes.body
Video updates

# data[].attributes.headline
Resources for parents of twins and multiples

# data[].attributes.subject
Resources for parents of twins and multiples

# data[].attributes.body
Click the link below to access all our resources for parents expecting more than one baby.

# data[].attributes.headline
Click the link below to return to the welcome page

# data[].attributes.subject
Click the link below to return to the welcome page

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This information was created on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening.

This short video explains blood spot screening in newborn babies.
Newborn blood spot video
Blood spot screening is recommended by the NHS.

1. Purpose of screening

To find out if your baby has any of 9 rare but serious health conditions.

Early treatment can improve your baby's health and prevent severe disability or even death. If you, the baby's father, or a family member already has one of these conditions, please tell your health professional straight away.

2. About these conditions

2.1 Sickle cell disease

About 1 in 2,800 babies born in the UK has a sickle cell disease ( SCD). These are serious, inherited blood diseases. They affect haemoglobin, a part of the blood that carries oxygen around the body. Babies who have SCD will need specialist care throughout their lives.

People with SCD can have attacks of severe pain, get serious, life-threatening infections and are usually anaemic (their bodies have difficulty carrying oxygen). Babies with SCD can receive early treatment, including vaccinations and antibiotics, which, along with support from their parents, will help prevent serious illness and allow them to live a healthier life.

2.2 Cystic fibrosis

About 1 in 2,500 babies born in the UK has cystic fibrosis ( CF). This inherited condition affects the digestion and lungs. Babies with CF may not gain weight well and frequently have chest infections. Babies with CF can be treated early with a high-energy diet, medicines and physiotherapy. Although children with CF may still become very ill, early treatment can help them live longer, healthier lives.

2.3 Congenital hypothyroidism

About 1 in 2,000 babies born in the UK has congenital hypothyroidism ( CHT). Babies with CHT do not have enough of the hormone thyroxine. Without thyroxine babies do not grow properly and they can develop permanent serious physical problems and learning disabilities.

Babies with CHT can be treated early with thyroxine tablets and this will allow them to develop normally.

It is important to let your health professional know if you have a family history of a metabolic condition. Babies are screened for 6 inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs).

These are:

phenylketonuria (PKU)

medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD)

maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)

isovaleric acidaemia (IVA)

glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1)

homocystinuria (pyridoxine unresponsive) (HCU)

About 1 in 10,000 babies born in the UK has PKU or MCADD. The other conditions are rarer, occurring in 1 in 150,000 babies to 1 in 300,000 babies.

Babies with these inherited conditions cannot process certain substances in their food. Without treatment babies with some of these conditions can become suddenly and seriously ill. The symptoms of the conditions are different; some may be life threatening or lead to severe developmental problems.

They can all be treated by a carefully managed diet, which is different for each condition and may include additional medicines.

3. The screening test

When your baby is 5 days old the health professional will prick your baby's heel using a special device to collect some drops of blood onto a card. Occasionally this may be later than 5 days. The heel prick may be uncomfortable and your baby may cry. You can help by making sure your baby is warm and comfortable, and by cuddling and feeding them.

Sometimes, a second blood spot sample is required later on. If so, the reason will be explained. It does not necessarily mean there is something wrong with your baby.

4. Safety of the test

There are no known risks to your baby associated with having the test.

5. Screening is your choice

Screening your baby for all these conditions is recommended because it could save your baby's life but it is not compulsory. You can choose to have screening for SCD, CF or CHT individually but can only choose to have screening for all 6 IMDs or none at all. If you do not want your baby screened for any of the conditions or have any concerns about the test, please talk to your midwife.

Early screening is best as treatment can be started as soon as possible if needed. But if you choose not to have screening, your baby can have the test later if you change your mind. Babies can be screened up to 12 months of age for all the conditions except CF (only up to 8 weeks of age).

6. Possible results

Most babies will have normal results indicating that it is unlikely that they have any of the conditions. A small number of babies will screen positive for one of the conditions. This does not mean they have the condition but they are more likely to have it. They will be referred to a specialist for further tests.

Screening for cystic fibrosis finds some babies who may be genetic carriers of the condition. These babies may need further testing. Screening does not detect all carriers.

Occasionally, other medical conditions might be identified through these screening tests. For example, babies with beta thalassaemia major (a serious blood disease) will usually be detected. These children also need to be referred for lifelong treatment and care.

Screening for sickle cell disease also finds babies who are genetic carriers of these or other red blood cell diseases. Carriers are healthy although they can experience some problems in situations where their bodies might not get enough oxygen, for example, if they are having an anaesthetic.

7. Getting my results

You should receive the results from a health professional by the time your baby is 6 weeks old. The results should be recorded in your baby's personal child health record ('red book'). Please keep this safe and bring it with you to any further appointments. You will be contacted sooner if there is thought to be any problem with your baby.

8. My baby's blood spot card and data after screening

After screening blood spot cards are stored for at least 5 years and may be used:

to check the result or for other tests recommended by your doctor

to improve the screening programme

for research to help improve the health of babies and their families in the UK (this will not identify your baby and you will not be contacted)

In addition, there is a small chance that researchers may want to invite you or your child to take part in information gathering linked to the newborn blood spot screening programme. Researchers undertaking any additional studies would explain what is being done and you would then be asked if you wish to take part in that study. Please let your midwife know if you do not want to be contacted to discuss taking part in any additional information gathering.

All use of the blood spots is governed by the code of practice. Any research will have been approved by an independent research ethics committee.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This information was created on behalf of the NHS. In this information, the word 'we' refers to the NHS service that provides screening. This short video explains blood spot screening in newborn babies. Newborn blood spot video Blood spot screening is recommended by the NHS.

# data[].attributes.headline
Screening forRetinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) 

# data[].attributes.subject
Screening forRetinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) 

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) - clinical guideline

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
ROP is one of the few causes of childhood visual disability that is largely preventable. This evidence-based guideline has been updated by RCPCH in collaboration with Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) and British Association of Perinatal Medicine (BAPM) in March 2022.

# data[].attributes.headline
UNICEF - supporting love and nurture on the neonatal unit

# data[].attributes.subject
UNICEF - supporting love and nurture on the neonatal unit

# data[].attributes.body
- About the unit and unit tour
-Support organisations & information
-Family integrated care (FiCare)
-Labour & birth
-Screening tests for your baby
-Neonatal Transport
-Supporting your baby's development
-Feeding your baby
-Breastfeeding - helpful videos
-For dads
-First aid
-Preparing for home
-Sleep
-Crying
-Mental & emotional well being
-Useful Apps
-All about Medicines
-Car seat safety
-NNU questionnaire

# data[].attributes.headline
You baby's care - measuring standards and improving neonatal care  - 2020

# data[].attributes.subject
You baby's care - measuring standards and improving neonatal care  - 2020

# data[].attributes.headline
National Neonatal Audit Programme Privacy Notice - Your baby's information

# data[].attributes.subject
National Neonatal Audit Programme Privacy Notice - Your baby's information

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This is the privacy notice for parents/carers in England and Wales only. You can see our privacy notice for parents/carers in Scotland.

For more information about the NNAP, and how and why we use your baby's information, please click on the headers below. This privacy notice is layered so you can easily select a heading to find out more about a particular section. You can also download a full version of the privacy notice at the end of this page. This privacy notice was last updated in January 2023.

Using your baby's information in the National Neonatal Audit Programme

While your baby is in the neonatal unit, staff record information in an electronic record. They use this to care for your baby, and to help the health service run well. The NNAP uses this information to improve care and outcomes for other babies in the future.

The National Data Opt Out (which allows patients in England to opt out of their information being used for purposes beyond their direct care) does not apply to NNAP. This is because applying the National Data Opt Out would introduce biases to the data and jeopardise patient safety. You can still choose for your baby's information not to be used for the purpose of the NNAP. More details on how you can do this are provided below in the Do you ask my permission to use my baby's information? section below.

What is the National Neonatal Audit Programme?

The National Neonatal Audit Programme (NNAP) is run by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH). We are commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) and funded by NHS England, the Scottish Government and the Welsh Government.

The NNAP helps neonatal units to improve the care they provide to babies who need specialist treatment. We use information about your baby's care to help neonatal units in England, Wales and Scotland to improve the care and outcomes for other babies.

We look at whether babies receive consistent, high-quality care, whether babies have recommended health checks to reduce the risk of complications and monitor how well babies are doing following this care.

What information does the NNAP use?

Neonatal unit staff enter your baby's information onto a secure electronic record system named BadgerNet. All neonatal units share information from these electronic records with the NNAP project team within the RCPCH, via another processor, Clevermed Ltd, who manage the BadgerNet system used by neonatal units to record clinical data. This includes identifiable and special category personal data, including NHS or CHI Number (Baby and Mother), Date and time of admission to neonatal care (Baby), Date and time of discharge from neonatal care (Baby), Date and time of birth (Baby), Date of death (Baby), Date of birth (Mother), Ethnicity (Mother), Gender (Baby), Postcode of usual address (Mother), information about the care that mum and baby received and any related health conditions. The NNAP project team only uses the information for the purpose of the National Neonatal Audit Programme to monitor and try to improve standards of patient care.

Information is stored securely and used in accordance with UK Data Protection legislation. The NNAP only conducts analysis of NNAP data once all identifiable information has been removed.

The RCPCH and its partners feel it is in the best interests of babies and families to process this information to improve the care babies receive. Our partners include parents and parent representative organisations, such as Bliss, the charity which champions the right for every baby born premature or sick to receive the best care by supporting families, campaigning for change, supporting professionals, and enabling life-changing research.

What is the legal basis for processing patient data?

The NNAP has section 251 approval to collect patient identifiable data in England and Wales without explicit patient consent as its aims are in the public interest since the audit will help improve standards of neonatal care, ensuring that high standards and quality of neonatal care continue. To find out more about section 251 approval, visit the Health Research Authority website.

Processing is permitted under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on the following legal bases:

Article 6 (1) (e) processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller. This is justified through commissioning arrangements which link back to NHS England and the Welsh Government.

Article 9 (2) (i) processing is necessary for reasons of public interest in the area of public health. This is justified as the NNAP aims to ensure high standards of quality and safety of health care.

We also protect your privacy rights by providing you with the option to opt out of being included in the audit.

Will my baby's personal data be shared?

Data will only ever be shared with the approval of HQIP. For HQIP to approve the request, the requestor must be able to demonstrate compliance with stringent data protection policies and arrangements and the aims of the research must be approved, as per HQIP's guidance to applicants.

How long are the data held for?

The NNAP team at the RCPCH acts as the data processor on behalf of the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP), who are data controllers for the NNAP data. HQIP are joint data controllers with NHS England for English NNAP data and with Digital Health and Care Wales (DHCW) for Welsh NNAP data. The RCPCH will hold the NNAP data for as long as it is commissioned to deliver the NNAP project by HQIP. All data will be deleted or transferred back to HQIP within two weeks of the end of our contract. If HQIP commissions the RCPCH to deliver the NNAP under a new or extended contract, then the data will be retained for the period of the new contract.

Do you ask my permission to use my baby's information?

Information about all babies admitted to an NHS neonatal unit is routinely included in the NNAP. It is important that we include information on every baby treated by a neonatal unit so that the NNAP is properly representative of neonatal care in the UK. Because of the large number of babies involved, it is impractical to seek consent from each family. You can choose to opt out of having your baby's information submitted to the audit. You can choose for your baby's information not to be used for the purpose of the NNAP. If you would like to make that choice then please tell the staff on the neonatal unit where your baby is receiving care. They will make sure your baby's information is not included in the NNAP. You can also speak to the NNAP team to find out how to opt out by contacting nnap@rcpch.ac.uk or calling us on 0203 861 1910.

Does the National Data Opt-Out apply to the NNAP?

In England, the National Data Opt-Out service allows patients aged 13 or over (or those with parental responsibility for patients under 13) to opt out of their information being used for purposes beyond their direct care. For more information, please visit: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/national-data-opt-out.

The Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, having considered the advice from the Health Research Authority Confidentiality Advisory Group, has decided that the National Data Opt-Out should not be applied to this audit. This is because applying the National Opt-Out would introduce biases to the data and make it difficult to monitor care safety and quality, jeopardising patient safety. However, if any personal data is used for any other purposes, such as further research in the future, the National Data Opt-Out will be applied.

What are my rights?

We explain a bit more about your rights below:

Right of access: The personal data we hold about you is provided by your unit. We can let you know which categories of data we collect but you will need to contact your unit directly for a copy of the information as they are data controllers of your patient record.

Right to Erasure and Right to Object: The right of erasure does not apply to this audit because your data is being processed for the purposes of performing a task in the public interest, which in this case is for ensuring high standards of quality and safety health care. However, if you want to opt out of future audit rounds, please let your unit know and they will remove you from the submission so that we don't receive the data.

Right to rectification of inaccurate data: Any requests to amend or update your personal data should be sent to your unit as data controller. If we receive any requests, we will forward these to the unit.

Right to restriction: Any requests for restriction of processing should be sent to your Trust and they will inform us where applicable.

Will I have access to the audit reports?

Yes, each year, the NNAP produces a parent and carer guide to the audit, called Your baby's care. The guide is available in English and Welsh. We also produce a poster of results that neonatal units can display on the wall. You can also view the full NNAP national annual report and information about each hospital on NNAP Online at https://nnap.rcpch.ac.uk.

Who should I contact for more information?

To find out more about the audit and how your baby's information is used, please talk to the staff in your neonatal unit. You can also contact the project team at nnap@rcpch.ac.uk or visit our website www.rcpch.ac.uk/nnap. You can also contact the College's Data Protection Officer if you have queries about how the college processes personal data: information.governance@rcpch.ac.uk

The Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) is the data controller of the NNAP (jointly with NHS England for English data and Digital Health and Care Wales for Welsh data) and can also be contacted if you have any questions about how your information is being used for the audit. Please direct any queries for the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership Data Protection Officer to: communications@hqip.org.uk.

Your NHS Trust or Health Board is the data controller of your baby's record, so please contact them directly if you have any questions about your baby's medical record.
You do also have the right to lodge a complaint with the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) at casework@ico.org.uk if you have concerns about the way your baby's personal data are being handled.

Bliss is the UK charity working to ensure that every baby born premature or sick in the UK has the best chance of survival and quality of life. Bliss fully supports the National Neonatal Audit Programme. For more information, visit the Bliss website.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Privacy notice - ​National Neonatal Audit Programme: Your baby's information (England and Wales)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The National Neonatal Audit Programme (NNAP) helps neonatal units to improve the care they provide to babies who need specialist treatment. This includes infants who are born too early, with a low birth weight or who have medical conditions requiring specialist treatment.

# data[].attributes.body
Neonatal transport for the North West & North Wales

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Connect North West is the neonatal transport service for the North West of England and North Wales. We take referrals via our 24 hour cot bureau for both antenatal and postnatal transfers. Contact Details Connect North West St Marys HospitalOxford RoadManchesterM13 9WL0300 330 9299 Making a referral Contact us assoon as you suspecta neonate needs transfer for intensivecare, specialistcare or repatriation.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
A Stay in Neonatal Care - Preparing to Take Your Baby Home

# data[].attributes.headline
Medication administration record for home

# data[].attributes.subject
Medication administration record for home

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Peeps HIE Charity | HIE Awareness & Support

Welcome to Peeps HIE

We provide support to parents, families & friends of those affected by HIE (Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy), raising awareness of HIE.

Some of the things we do include:

Provide information about HIE

Buddy/peer support

Counselling and therapy

Funding for equipment

Find out more about what we do...

Our Family stories

We pride ourselves on the support we can give to families experiencing the challenges of day-to-day life with children affected by HIE.

Read our Family Stories

Peeps on Twitter

Our information leaflets are written by families, with families, for families.
They can be downloaded from our website, or printed copies sent out - please get in touch if we can help support.

https://www.peeps-hie.org/resources-downloads/

#HeardOfHIE

2

If you'd like to find out more about our new book club, starting in 2024, and register an interest, please check out our website:

It will be online, peer-led, from the comfort of your own home, and just for H.I.E. parents/grandparents/carers.
Suggestions...

We recognise that each H.I.E. journey can be unique; we aim to provide support and guidance tailored to the diverse needs of our community.

Inclusion matters and is an agenda item on every meeting we have with Trustees and employees.

From informational resources to emotional...

Twitter icon
View more

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Peeps HIE Charity | HIE Awareness & Support

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Peeps is a UK charity, dedicated to supporting those affected by HIE (hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy). We provide emotional, practical and financial support.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Skip to main content

Cookies on GOV.UK

We use some essential cookies to make this website work.

We'd like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services.

We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services.

You have accepted additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

You have rejected additional cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time.

Accept additional cookies Reject additional cookies View cookies

All births in England, Wales and Northern Ireland must be registered within 42 days of the child being born.

You should do this at the local register office for the area where the baby was born or at the hospital before the mother leaves. The hospital will tell you if you can register the birth there.

If you cannot register the birth in the area where the baby was born, you can go to another register office and they will send your details to the correct office.

Information you need when registering a birth

When registering the birth, you should know:

place and date of the birth

name, surname and sex of the baby

parents' names, surnames and address

places and dates of parents' birth

date of parents' marriage or civil partnership

parents' jobs

mother's maiden surname

You might not need to give all of this information, depending on who is registering the birth.

What you should take

You should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:

passport

birth certificate

deed poll

driving licence

proof of address (for example, a utility bill)

Council Tax bill

marriage or civil partnership certificate

You should also take your child's personal child health record or 'red book' as some registrars may ask to see it.

If you're going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.

After the birth is registered

Once you've registered the birth, you may be able to claim:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Find out how to register a birth - who can register, birth certificates

# data[].attributes.headline
North West Neonatal Network post discharge questionnaire

# data[].attributes.subject
North West Neonatal Network post discharge questionnaire

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Parent Survey at Discharge - Info for Parents

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How to recognise when a  baby is drinking well

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Our vision

Our vision is that any parent or carer, wherever they are, has information on their child's medicines that they can trust.

What we offer

Our medicines information pages cover many of the medicines that are prescribed or recommended for children by health professionals. They answer frequent questions, such as how and when to give the medicine, what to do if you forget to give the medicine, and any possible side-effects.

You can also read information or watch our short videos about giving different types of medicines, including tablets, capsules, liquid medicine, inhalers, eye drops/ointment and ear drops.

Who are we?

Medicines for Children is a partnership programme of Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group (NPPG) and WellChild. Read more about us and our work.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Medicines For Children - We provide practical and reliable advice about giving medicine to your child

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Our vision is that any parent or carer, wherever they are, has information on their child's medicines that they can trust. Our medicines information pages cover many of the medicines that are prescribed or recommended for children by health professionals.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Our vision

Our vision is that any parent or carer, wherever they are, has information on their child's medicines that they can trust.

What we offer

Our medicines information pages cover many of the medicines that are prescribed or recommended for children by health professionals. They answer frequent questions, such as how and when to give the medicine, what to do if you forget to give the medicine, and any possible side-effects.

You can also read information or watch our short videos about giving different types of medicines, including tablets, capsules, liquid medicine, inhalers, eye drops/ointment and ear drops.

Who are we?

Medicines for Children is a partnership programme of Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group (NPPG) and WellChild. Read more about us and our work.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Medicines For Children - We provide practical and reliable advice about giving medicine to your child

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Our vision is that any parent or carer, wherever they are, has information on their child's medicines that they can trust. Our medicines information pages cover many of the medicines that are prescribed or recommended for children by health professionals.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This leaflet is for parents and carers about how to use this medicine in children. Our information may differ from that provided by the manufacturers, because their information usually relates to adults. Read this leaflet carefully. Keep it somewhere safe so that you can read it again.

Name of medicine
Folic acid
Brand names: Folicare®, Lexpec®

This leaflet is about the use of folic acid for two particular types of anaemia: megaloblastic anaemia, which may be caused by folate deficiency (lack), and haemolytic anaemia.

Why is it important for my child to take folic acid?

Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body, which they do using a protein called haemoglobin. In anaemia, the body does not have enough haemoglobin. Folic acid will help your child's body to make healthy, normal red blood cells that can carry oxygen. This will improve your child's symptoms of anaemia such as feeling tired, becoming easily breathless, dizziness (fainting) and headache.

What is folic acid available as?

Tablets: 400 micrograms, 5 mg; these may contain lactose

Liquid medicine: 2.5 mg in 5 mL

When should I give folic acid

Folic acid is usually given once each day. This is usually in the morning.

Give the medicine at about the same time each day so that this becomes part of your child's daily routine, which will help you to remember.

How much should I give?

Your doctor will work out the amount of folic acid (the dose) that is right for your child. The dose will be shown on the medicine label.

How should I give folic acid?

Tablets should be swallowed with a glass of water, squash or juice. Your child should not chew the tablet.

Shake the medicine well. Measure out the right amount using an oral syringe or a medicine spoon. You can get these from your pharmacist. Do not use a kitchen teaspoon as it will not give the right amount.

When should the medicine start working?

Folic acid starts to work straight away, but it may be a few weeks before your child's symptoms of anaemia start to get better. They will probably need to take folic acid for about 4 months to build up their body's stores of folic acid so that the anaemia doesn't come back. If your child has haemolytic anaemia, they may have to take it for longer.

What if my child is sick (vomits)?

If your child is sick less than 30 minutes after having a dose of folic acid, give them the same dose again.

If your child is sick more than 30 minutes after having a dose of folic acid, you do not need to give them another dose. Wait until the next normal dose.

What if I forget to give it?

Give the missed dose when you remember, as long as this is at least 12 hours before the next dose is due. You do not need to wake up a sleeping child to give a missed dose.

What if I give too much?

You are unlikely to do any harm if you give an extra dose of folic acid by mistake. If you are concerned that you may have given too much, contact your doctor or NHS Direct (111 in England and Scotland; 111 or 0845 46 47 in parts of Wales). Have the medicine or packaging with you if you telephone for advice.

Are there any possible side effects?

We use medicines to make our children better, but sometimes they have other effects that we don't want (side-effects).

Your child is unlikely to get any side-effects with folic acid. Any side-effects that do occur are likely to be mild, and wear off after a few days. If they are still a problem after a week, contact your doctor.

Your child may feel less hungry than usual (lose their appetite). Encourage them to eat small meals often.

Your child may feel sick (nausea) or be sick (vomit). Giving the medicine with some food may help. They may also feel bloated or have flatulence (wind).

There may, sometimes, be other side-effects that are not listed above. If you notice anything unusual and are concerned, contact your doctor.

Can other medicines be given at the same time as folic acid?

You can give your child medicines that contain paracetamol or ibuprofen, unless your doctor has told you not to.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before giving any other medicines to your child. This includes herbal and complementary medicines.

Is there anything else I need to know about this medicine?

It is safe to take folic acid during pregnancy, but it is important that you follow your doctor's instructions about how much to give.

General advice about medicines

Try to give medicines at about the same times each day, to help you remember.

If you are not sure a medicine is working, contact your doctor but continue to give the medicine as usual in the meantime. Do not give extra doses, as you may do harm.

Only give this medicine to your child. Never give it to anyone else, even if their condition appears to be the same, as this could do harm.

Make sure that you always have enough medicine. Order a new prescription at least 2 weeks before you will run out.

Make sure that the medicines you have at home have not reached the 'best before' or 'use by' date on the packaging. Give old medicines to your pharmacist to dispose of.

Where should I keep this medicine?

Keep the medicine in a cupboard, away from heat and direct sunlight.

It does not need to be kept in the fridge.

Make sure that children cannot see or reach the medicine.

Keep the medicine in the container it came in.

Your doctor, pharmacist or nurse will be able to give you more information about folic acid and about other medicines used to treat megaloblastic and haemolytic anaemia.

Copyright disclaimer

Version [1]. © NPPG, RCPCH and WellChild, all rights reserved. Review by July 2015.

The primary source for the information in this leaflet is the British National Formulary for Children. For details on any other sources used for this leaflet, please contact us through our website, www.medicinesforchildren.org.uk.

We take great care to make sure that the information in this leaflet is correct and up-to-date. However, medicines can be used in different ways for different patients. It is important that you ask the advice of your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure about something. This leaflet is about the use of these medicines in the UK, and may not apply to other countries. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH), the Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group (NPPG), WellChild and the contributors and editors cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of information, omissions of information, or any actions that may be taken as a consequence of reading this leaflet.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Folic acid for megaloblastic anaemia caused by folate deficiency and haemolytic anaemia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This leaflet is for parents and carers about how to use this medicine in children. Our information may differ from that provided by the manufacturers, because their information usually relates to adults. Read this leaflet carefully. Keep it somewhere safe so that you can read it again.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
DaliVit - Multivitamins Drops, a healthy start for babies and toddlers

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Vitamins are essential for a healthy start in life, in children they are particularly important for normal growth and development.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Our Incredible Years Parenting Programme uses coaching based theory to facilitate parents to learn from each other's experiences and realise they are not alone with any possible parenting frustrations and ordifficulties.

The research-based parenting programme focuses on the behaviour's children display and empowers parents to feel better prepared to
understand, cope and manage both current behaviours and those that may arise in the future.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Our Incredible Years Parenting Programme uses coaching based theory to facilitate parents to learn from each other's experiences and realise they are not alone with any possible parenting frustrations and ordifficulties. The research-based parenting programme focuses on the behaviour's children display and empowers parents to feel better prepared to understand, cope and manage both current behaviours and those that may arise in the future.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Skip to main content Skip to accessibility tools

You are here:

1. Home

2. Health Visiting and FNP

3. Breastfeeding Support

Breastfeeding Support Groups

Breastfeeding support groups are great places to make new friends and share the ups and downs of looking after a new baby. Breastfeeding groups are supported by Starting Well staff and a Bosom Buddy Peer Supporter.

Starting Well Breastfeeding Groups

All of our support groups are held at Children's Centres. No Health Visitor referral is required, but please call your local children's centre to book your place. Siblings are also welcome at the group.

Victoria Road Children's Centre (Northwich)
Breastfeeding support group on Wednesdays between 10.00am and 11:30am.

To book your place, please call 01606 555286.

Wharton Children's Centre (Winsford)
Breastfeeding support group on Fridays between 10.00am and 11:30am.

To book your place, please call 01606 555285.

Stanlaw Abbey Children's Centre (Ellesmere Port)
Breastfeeding support group on Mondays between 10.00am and 11.30am.

To book your place, please call 0151 488 8036.

Blacon Children's Centre (Chester)
Breastfeeding support group on Thursdays between 1.00pm and 2.30pm.

To book your place, please call 01244 397412.

Frodsham Children's Centre (Frodsham/Rural)
Breastfeeding support group on Tuesdays between 1.30pm and 3.00pm.

To book your place, please call 01606 555287.

Neston Community Youth Centre (Neston)
Breastfeeding support group on Wednesdays between 11.00am - 12.30pm.

To book your place, please call 0151 488 8036.

Lache Children's Centre (Lache)
Breastfeeding support group on Fridays between 10am - 11.30am (term time only).

To book your place, please call 01244 397486.

Bosom Buddy Peer Supporters

Bosom buddy peer supporters are CWP volunteers who have breastfed their own children and have received additional training in breastfeeding. They provide mother-to-mother breastfeeding support with non-judgemental and evidence-based information for both pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers, supporting them to reach their breastfeeding goals. They also:

Provide breastfeeding information during infant feeding workshops

Provide support and encouragement to breastfeeding mothers

Normalise breastfeeding in the local community through local events

Help run mother and baby breastfeeding groups

Provide support on the maternity wards as hospital volunteers

Breastfeeding peer supporters are trained to support healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term infants (specific breastfeeding problems will always be referred to a health professional and/or breastfeeding specialist)

For more information, please visit Facebook - Breastfeeding Bosom Buddies (CWP).

If you're struggling with breastfeeding

If you are struggling with breastfeeding and need specialist support, please contact your Health Visitor for a referral into our specialist clinic run by our highly trained and experienced Breastfeeding Lead Health Visitors. You can also reach out to a number of helplines, and read more information on their websites. All information is included in the tabs below.

Useful Helplines and Websites

National Breastfeeding Helpline
Telephone: 0300 100 0212

The National Breastfeeding Helpline offers independent, confidentia, mother-centred, non-judgmental breast feeding support and information. The line is open from 9:30am to 9:30pm every day of the year. Online chat support is also available via their website. All calls are answered by highly trained volunteers, who are also mums who have breastfed.
Association of Breastfeeding Mothers
Telephone: 0300 330 5453

Calls to the NBH are answered by trained ABM Breastfeeding Counsellors and BfN Breastfeeding Supporters in their own homes. Calls to the ABM helpline are answered only by trained ABM Breastfeeding Counsellors. You will be connected to the first available volunteer. They will not necessarily be in the same area as you and may not have local knowledge but will be able to support you in your breastfeeding journey.
La Leche League
Telephone: 0345 120 2918
National Childbirth Trust (NCT)
Telephone: 0300 330 0700

For practical and emotional support in all areas of pregnancy, birth and early parenthood including help with feeding.
Start4life Infant Feeding Support
Start4life offers information to the many benefits and advantages of breastfeeding - not only for your baby, but for you too. Visit their website for more information.

All day, every day, you'll have access to:

NHS trusted advice - based on questions asked by thousands of new mums

a wide range of breastfeeding topics, guides and FAQs - available every day, 24⁄7

You can also find out more information surrounding vitamins for mums and babies.
Best Beginnings
Baby Buddy is the multi-award winning free app that guides you through pregnancy, birth, parenting and beyond. You can explore the web version of Baby Buddy or download the full version of the app for free on the App Store and Google Play.

Useful Helplines and Websites During COVID-19

Association Of Breastfeeding Mothers - ABM
Team baby: getting ready to breastfeed. FREE online course for parents looking at the decision to breastfeed, how breastfeeding works, how new-born's behave, what challenges can arise and where to get help.
UNICEF
Parent infant feeding support; From Tongue tie to low milk supply. UNICEF also have a video guide of how to hand express and when hand expression might be useful.
ARDO Breastpumps
Due to COVID-19, NCT have temporarily withdrawn their volunteer breastpump scheme to minimise their contact with the general public. To rent the pumps, visit the ARDO website and when you get to the shopping cart enter the discount code CARUM20 in the coupon code field which will reduce the price.
Maximising breastmilk and re-lactation guidance
Following the publication of the UUK BFI statement on infant feeding during the Covid-19 outbreak, UNICEF have now produced a quick reference guide for health professionals on supporting mothers to maximise the amount of breastmilk they are able to give or to re-lactate if they have stopped breastfeeding and wish to re-start. If you wish to maximise breastmilk or want to re-lactate, call the Duty Desk numbers below to be referred to the 0-19 Starting Well infant feeding leads.

Stanlaw Abbey Children's Centre: 0151 488 8036

Victoria Road Children's Centre - 01606 555 286

For further infant feeding support during COVID-19 call the 0-19 Starting Well duty numbers.

Useful Breastfeeding Apps

If you have any breastfeeding questions, the Breastfeeding Friend app (BFF) from Start4Life has lots of useful information and expert advice to share with you. The BFF app is available on Google Assistant and Google Home.

Whether you're experiencing breastfeeding difficulties, you've got sore nipples, or you want to know about vitamins and what you should include in your diet; if it's a breastfeeding related question, the Breastfeeding Friend is ready to help you.

All day, every day, you'll have access to:

NHS trusted advice - based on questions asked by thousands of new mums

Daily breastfeeding tips - on things like comforting your newborn, feeding frequency, and what to do if your baby cries during feeds

Google Breastfeeding Friend App

How to get started

If you have a Google Home smart speaker:

1: SETUP - Set up Google Home using the Google Home on Android or iOS

2: SEARCH - Just say "Hey Google, talk to Breastfeeding Friend"

3: TALK - Ask Breastfeeding Friend a specific question, for example "Hey Google, is my baby getting enough milk?", or just let Breastfeeding Friend talk to you about useful breastfeeding topics

If you want to use Google Assistant on your mobile:

1: SETUP - Set up the Google Assistant app for Android or iOS

2: SEARCH - In the Google Assistant app - say "Hey Google, talk to Breastfeeding Friend"

3: TALK - Ask Breastfeeding Friend a specific question, for example "Hey Google, is my baby attaching well?", or just let Breastfeeding Friend talk to you about useful breastfeeding topics.

Just ask

"Hey Google, ask Breastfeeding Friend for a quick tip"

"Hey Google, ask Breastfeeding Friend for the feeding guide"

"Hey Google, ask Breastfeeding Friend for some advice"

"Hey Google, ask Breastfeeding Friend to log a feed"

"Hey Google, ask Breastfeeding Friend how do I breastfeed?"

Alexa Breastfeeding Friend App

How to get started

1: SEARCH - Open the Alexa App on your smartphone, tap 'skills' in the menu and search for Breastfeeding Friend

2: ENABLE - Tap 'enable'

3: TALK - Just say, "Alexa, open Breastfeeding Friend" to open the skill. Use the menu or ask Alexa a direct question, for example "Alexa, is my baby getting enough milk?"

Just ask

"Alexa, ask Breastfeeding Friend to give me some advice"

"Alexa, ask Breastfeeding Friend to give me a quick tip"

"Alexa, ask Breastfeeding Friend, how do I breastfeed?"

Return to header

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Skip to main content Skip to accessibility tools You are here: Home Health Visiting and FNP Breastfeeding Support Breastfeeding support groups are great places to make new friends and share the ups and downs of looking after a new baby. Breastfeeding groups are supported by Starting Well staff and a Bosom Buddy Peer Supporter.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How do I register as a milk donor?

1. Complete the online Become a Donor form (contact us if you would rather do this over the phone)

2. A member of Milk Bank team will contact you to discuss becoming a milk donor and answer any questions you may have

3. You will then be sent a more detailed Donor Record Form by email to complete and return

4. When your Donor Record Form is received, we will send you a donor box containing everything you need to donate milk

1. Supply of presterilised bottles (130ml)

2. Marker pen to write your name on the lid of the bottle (so that we can recycle the bottle itself)

3. Temperature sheet to log your freezer temperature daily

4. Becoming a Donor leaflet

5. Blood postage box and letter for GP to enable you to have blood samples taken, usually around the time you make your first donation. All donors are tested for HIV 1-2, HTLV 1-2, Hepatitis and Syphillis, you will be informed of your results with 2 weeks

6. Ice pack and biker box seals for your first milk collection

7. Thermometer and / or microwave Sterisacs (if requested)

5. You can start to express and store milk straight away, you do not need to wait for your blood test results

You can donate if

Your baby is less than 6 months old at the time you register as a donor (please note we ask donors to stop donating at 9 months)

You live in an area close to the milk bank or one of our depots - please contact us for more information

You are and remain in good health

You are able to commit to a minimum donation of 2 litres

You drink no more than 1-2 units of alcohol once or twice a week

Your caffeine intake is less than 200mg per day

You cannot donate if

Any member of your household smokes

You use any type of nicotine replacement therapy including patches, chewing gum or inhalators (vaping)

You take certain medication (acceptable replacement drugs include Thyroxine, Insulin, Ventolin and Mini Pill (Progesterone only)) Please contact us for more information

You have had a vaccine to prevent you contracting yellow fever in the last six months

You have recently returned from an area of the world where certain infectious diseases are present (according to national guidance)

Before expressing your milk

Please ensure you have cleaned your breast pump in accordance with the guidelines we have emailed to you

Please wash your hands carefully following our hand washing guidelines

Expressing your milk

You can start expressing as soon as you have registered as a donor (you do not need to wait for blood test results)

Regular expressing ensures a good milk supply

Vary times of milk expression during 24 hours so the milk has a good nutrient balance

Stop expressing if you become unwell or develop any infections (including thrush or mastitis). Please inform the milk bank who will be able to advise how long before you can start expressing again

It is very important to inform us of any changes to medication, some medication may be safe when breastfeeding your own baby however you may need to stop expressing for the milk bank

Do not overfill bottles, please leave about 2cm gap at the top to allow for expansion

Storing your milk

Ensure you identify all bottles with your name and date of expression using the marker pen provided

Freeze milk immediately after expression

If possible, please dedicate freezer space for 20-30 bottles away from other foodstuffs in your freezer

ALL MILK MUST BE FROZEN WITHIN 24 HOURS OF EXPRESSION

Please check the temperature of your freezer every day and record it on the temperature sheets provided

Collecting your milk

When we have agreed a collection day we will give you an estimated collection time

Please let us know if anyone in your household has tested positive for or has any symptoms of Covid 19 and we will postpone the collection

If there is any reason you wish to cancel the arranged collection please inform us as soon as possible to avoid any wasted journeys

Thank you for your support - here's a few words from a family that benefitted from donor milk

'When my son was born in December 2013 he was reluctant to feed, choosing to sleep rather than latch. I'd tried everything and was ready to admit defeat and end our breastfeeding journey before it had really begun. The wonderful team at the hospital were so supportive and suggested we try some donated milk. I'd never even heard of milk donation but the team explained everything thoroughly and answered all of my questions. The donated milk was an absolute game changer from that very first feed and my son soon realised how good it felt to have a full tummy. We went to breast feed for over 18months and I honestly can't tell you how grateful I am to the mummy who donated her milk to help us through those early days.'

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Complete the online Become a Donor form (contact us if you would rather do this over the phone) A member of Milk Bank team will contact you to discuss becoming a milk donor and answer any questions you may have You will then be sent a more detailed Donor Record

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
It's not known why some babies die suddenly and for no apparent reason from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), or cot death.

Experts do know placing a baby to sleep on their back reduces the risk, and exposing a baby to cigarette smoke or allowing them to overheat increases the risk.

It's also known there's an association between sleeping with your baby on a sofa or chair and SIDS.

Follow the advice on this page to reduce the risks as much as possible.

How to reduce the risk of SIDS

To reduce the risk of SIDS:

place your baby on their back to sleep, in the same room as you, for the first 6 months

keep your baby's head uncovered - their blanket should be tucked in no higher than their shoulders

if wearing your baby in a sling or carrier, do not cover their head with the sling material or with a muslin

place your baby in the "feet to foot" position, with their feet at the end of the cot or Moses basket

do not let your baby get too hot or cold

never sleep with your baby on a sofa or armchair

do not smoke during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and do not let anyone smoke in the same room as your baby

Place your baby on their back to sleep

Place your baby on their back to sleep from the very beginning for both day and night sleeps. This will reduce the risk of cot death.

Do not put your baby to sleep on their side or tummy.

Once your baby is old enough to roll over, there's no need to worry if they turn onto their tummy or side while sleeping.

Do not let your baby's head become covered

Babies whose heads are covered with bedding are at an increased risk of SIDS.

To prevent your baby wriggling down under the covers, place them in the "feet to foot" position. This means their feet are at the end of the crib, cot or Moses basket.

To put your baby in the feet to foot position:

tuck the covers in securely under your baby's arms so they cannot slip over their head - use 1 or more layers of lightweight blankets

use a baby mattress that's firm, flat, well-fitting, clean and waterproof on the outside - cover the mattress with a single sheet

do not use duvets, quilts, baby nests, wedges, bedding rolls or pillows

If you use a sling or carrier, make sure you use it safely.
The Lullaby Trust has more information and advice about swaddling your baby and using slings

Do not let your baby get too hot or too cold

Overheating can increase the risk of SIDS. Babies can overheat because of too much bedding or clothing, or because the room is too hot.

When you check your baby, make sure they're not too hot. If your baby is sweating or their tummy feels hot to the touch, take off some of the bedding. Do not worry if their hands or feet feel cool - this is normal.

It's easier to adjust for the temperature by using layers of lightweight blankets. Remember, a folded blanket counts as 2 blankets. Lightweight, well-fitting baby sleeping bags are a good choice, too.

Babies do not need hot rooms. All-night heating is rarely necessary. Keep the room at a temperature that's comfortable - about 16 to 20C is ideal.

If it's very warm, your baby may not need any bedclothes other than a sheet.

Even in winter, most babies who are unwell or feverish do not need extra clothes.

Babies should never sleep with a hot water bottle or electric blanket, next to a radiator, heater or fire, or in direct sunshine.

Babies lose excess heat through their heads, so make sure their heads cannot be covered by bedclothes, slings or carriers while they're asleep.

Remove hats and extra clothing as soon as you come indoors or enter a warm car, bus or train, even if it means waking your baby.

Be safe if you share a bed with your baby

If you share a bed with your baby (co-sleeping), you should:

make sure they sleep on a firm, flat mattress lying on their back

not have any pillows or duvets near them

not have other children or pets in the bed at the same time

It's important not to share a bed with your baby if they had a low birthweight (less than 2.5kg or 5.5lb) or if you or your partner:

smoke (no matter where or when you smoke and even if you never smoke in bed)

have had 2 or more units of alcohol

have taken recreational drugs

have taken medicine that causes drowsiness

Never sleep with a baby on a sofa or armchair

It's lovely to have your baby with you for a cuddle or a feed, but sleeping with your baby on a sofa or armchair is linked to a higher risk of SIDS.

It's safest to put your baby back in their cot before you go to sleep.

Do not let anyone smoke near your baby

Babies exposed to cigarette smoke before and after birth are at an increased risk of SIDS. Do not let anyone smoke in the house, including visitors.

Ask anyone who needs to smoke to go outside. Do not take your baby into smoky places.

If you smoke, sharing a bed with your baby increases the risk of cot death.

Get help and support if you want to quit smoking

Feeding, dummies and SIDS

Breastfeeding your baby reduces the risk of SIDS.

It's possible using a dummy at the start of a sleep also reduces the risk of SIDS. But the evidence is not strong and not all experts agree that dummies should be promoted.

If you do use a dummy, do not start until breastfeeding is well established. This is usually when your baby is around 1 month old.

Stop giving them the dummy when they're between 6 and 12 months old.

Get medical help quickly if your baby is unwell

Babies often have minor illnesses that you do not need to worry about.

Give your baby plenty of fluids to drink and do not let them get too hot. If your baby sleeps a lot, wake them up regularly for a drink.

It can be difficult to judge whether an illness is more serious and needs urgent medical attention.

See spotting the signs of serious illness for guidance on when to get help.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
It's not known why some babies die suddenly and for no apparent reason from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), or cot death. Experts do know placing a baby to sleep on their back reduces the risk, and exposing a baby to cigarette smoke or allowing them to overheat increases the risk.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Many extremely preterm babies will develop some degree of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with the majority of cases never progressing beyond mild disease, resolving spontaneously without treatment. However, a small proportion develop potentially severe ROP which can be detected through retinal screening. If untreated, severe disease can result in serious vision impairment and consequently all babies at risk of sight-threatening ROP should be screened on time.

About the guideline

This guideline is an update of the 2008 UK Screening and Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity, which was originally developed by RCPCH, RCOphth, BAPM and Bliss. It was reviewed in 2013 and subsequently updated in 2022. It will next be reviewed in 2027.

For the 2022 update, the topics were reviewed and are presented separately:

Screening of ROP: RCPCH updated this topic, including:

These can all be downloaded below.

Treatment of ROP: RCOphth has updated this topic, including:

The full guideline

The executive summary

The information leaflet for parents and guardians

These are on the RCOphth website.

The RCPCH guideline is NICE accredited and developed in accordance with our guideline development process manual, Setting standards for development of clinical guidelines in paediatrics and child health (2020).

You can get permission to reuse RCPCH published content quickly and easily.

Summary of changes to guideline on screening of ROP

The guideline takes into account the significant changes in both the clinical and organisational aspects of neonatal care that have taken place over the previous 14 years.

Screening criteria: The gestational age criterion for screening has been reduced from 32 weeks to 31 weeks as based on more recent published evidence. The birthweight criterion of less than 1501g has not changed. It is estimated that this will lead to a reduction in the number of babies needing screening of about 13%.

Timing of first examination: Precise timing of the first examination is stated.

Preparation for screening: Greater detail is included related to the preparation for screening, including consent, comfort care and pain relief during the screening examination. Our information leaflet for parents and carers has been fully revised.

Follow up examinations: When necessary, the importance of attending follow-up examinations is emphasised. The need for appropriate resuscitation equipment and trained staff is stated for outpatient examinations.

Referral to treatment: Details of when to refer for treatment are specified.

Record keeping and communications with others: There is emphasis throughout the guideline on record keeping and communication both with parents/carers and between professionals as well as the role of a ROP service coordinator.

Updated tools: A new algorithm for observations and a screening record form are included.

Comprehensive appendices: These give full details of the guideline scope, methodology and development.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) - clinical guideline

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
ROP is one of the few causes of childhood visual disability that is largely preventable. This evidence-based guideline has been updated by RCPCH in collaboration with Royal College of Ophthalmologists (RCOphth) and British Association of Perinatal Medicine (BAPM) in March 2022.