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he faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church.

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a military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the aim of compelling the surrender of those inside.

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a large building, typically of the medieval period, fortified against attack with thick walls, battlements, towers, and in many cases a moat.

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in the Middle Ages) a man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor.

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Manorial System. The manorial system, or seignorial system, was an economic and social system of medieval Europe.

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an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.

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widespread respect and admiration felt for someone or something on the basis of a perception of their achievements or quality.

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(especially in former times) a person of noble rank or birth.

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the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.

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any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of northwestern Europe in the 8th–11th centuries.

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Charlemagne or Charles the Great numbered Charles I, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holy Roman Emperor from 800.

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Pope Francis is the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State. Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere

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the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West (5th century) to the fall of Constantinople (1453), or, more narrowly, from c. 1100 to 1453.