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The pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the disease Tuberculosis

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The pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the disease Tuberculosis

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A cough that lasts more than three weeks.

Chest pain

Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss.

Fever.

Chills.

Night sweats.

Weakness

Gastrointestinal Problems

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There are 2 types of Tuberculosis:
- Latent Tuberculosis (where the host cannot spread the disease)
- Active Tuberculosis (where the host can spread the disease)

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1. The BCG vaccine is given to children who are predisposed to get TB infections, such as children living in endemic countries or close contacts with a confirmed case of TB.
2. Healthcare workers can also receive the BCG vaccine as well since they are at a high exposure risk
3. Hospitals must have good ventilation in order to prevent Tuberculosis from infecting its patients

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Who Gets Tuberculosis and How It Is Spread

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Who Gets Tuberculosis and How It Is Spread

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- Anyone can get TB, but those at greatest risk include people: who live in, come from, or have spent time in a country or area with high levels of TB
- TB bacteria are spread through the air from one person to another.
- TB germs are passed through the air when someone who is sick with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks, laughs, sings, or sneezes

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- The most commonly used diagnostic tool for tuberculosis is a skin test, though blood tests are becoming more commonplace. A small amount of a substance called tuberculin is injected just below the skin on the inside of your forearm
- If the skin test is positive, your provider will get a chest x-ray in order to see if you have active or latent tuberculosis

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Many healthcare workers are required to get this test before working to help prevent the spread of Tuberculosis to patients

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Latent Tuberculosis usually has a positive skin test with a normal chest x-ray

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After a positive skin test, a doctor will view a chest x-ray in order to find active tuberculosis lesions which were found in the x-ray below

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- If you have latent TB, your doctor might recommend treatment with medication if you're at high risk of developing active TB. For active tuberculosis, you must take antibiotics for at least six to nine months.
- The antibiotics may include:

Isoniazid

Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)

Ethambutol (Myambutol)

Pyrazinamide