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Weather maps are maps that show the state of weather over a large area. They are commonly used by meteorologists to display their information when telling the local weather of an area.Many symbols and signs make it easier to identify the conditions.For example, a sun means it's sunny. A cloud means it's cloudy.A cloud with lightning or rain can represent a storm or thunderstorm.Some important signs are fronts. Cold fronts in an area can mean there have been stormy or cold temperatures and weather that location.It looks like a line with triangles on it.Warm fronts can mean there have been hot temperatures in that area.It looks like a line with semi-circles on it.Stationary fronts are a combination of cold and warm fronts. An "L" symbol represents low pressure.An "H" symbol means high air pressure.
Source: NOAA

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Natural patterns are patterns that occur on Earth spontaneously. Some examples of natural patterns on Earth are the day/night cycle, seasons, moon phases, and tides. The day and night cycle is caused by Earth rotating on its axis every 24 hours. Seasons are caused by the Earth's revolution and rotation on its axis every 365 days or a year. Moon phases are caused by the Moon's rotation around the Earth about every 30 days or a month (lunar cycle). Tides are caused by the Moon's gravitational pull on the Earth. There are high, low, neap, and spring tide.
Source: Science Notebook Page 71

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Soil is the upper layer of the Earth in which supports plant growth.There are many different types of soil such as clay, sand, silt, loam, and top soil which is the common soil. Clay has a smooth fine-grained soil that wouldn't be suitable for plant growth because it blocks plant roots from getting to water. Sand is also a grainy soil but its particles are much harder than clay particles. Sand is not a good soil for plant growth because it is too loose.Silt is a mixture of sand and clay and is a very good soil for plants because it isn't too loose or tightly compacted. Loam is a fertile soil version of clay that contains humus.It highly supports plant growth because it is full of nutrients.
Source: BrainPOP

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Many rapid changes occur on Earth's surface every day such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, landslides, and floods.
Earthquakes happen when tectonic plates shift and the ground becomes uneven.Many buildings can be damaged.Hurricanes occur when water surges around and around in the ocean and enters land because they are so powerful.Hurricanes cause floods and damage to land and buildings.Tornadoes occur when hot and cold air combine unevenly and builds up a funnel of wind.They can suck up cars, buildings, and houses and cause major damage to our lives.Wildfires can occur when thunder strikes and burns a tree and spreads rapidly.This can burn whole forest areas and kill livestock or wild animals. Landslides happen when heavy rain continues to add pressure to a land "chunk" and eventually causes it to slide or fall.Floods happen when rain overflows rivers or sewage system and goes on land.
Source: Stemcopedia

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The Sun, Earth, and Moon are all in our solar system.The Sun is the star in the middle the solar system that all planets orbit.The Earth Rotates on its axis while it revolves around the Sun and the Moon revolves and rotates around the Earth.The Earth's rotation takes about 24 hours or a day and it's revolution takes about 365 days or a year.This pattern causes the day/night cycle and the seasonal cycle.The moon's revolution takes 29.5 days also known as the lunar cycle and its rotation takes approximately 27 days.
Source: Science Notebook Page 71

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Landforms are unique formations that shape the Earth's surface.They are created by weathering, erosion, and deposition.Some examples of landforms can be deltas, canyons, sand dunes, and valleys.Canyons are created by rivers weathering and eroding sediments and carving a big piece of rock. A valley is created when a glacier cut through rock overtime and melts at the end to make a lake or stream. Source: Science Notebook page 53-54

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An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. In an ecosystem, organisms interact in different ways depending on the type of ecosystem they are in.Some biotic factors in an ecosystem are plants and animals. Abiotic factors in an ecosystem can be soil, water, oxygen, sunlight, carbon dioxide, and shelter ( rocks ). Inter-dependency is a big part of an ecosystem, Organisms are dependent on living and non-living elements in an ecosystem.For example, in an ocean ecosystem, sharks and pilot fish depend on each other. A shark depends on the pilot fish to clean its teeth and the pilot fish depends on the shark's teeth for food.If one species in an ecosystem is not there, it would most likely affect the whole ecosystem.Changes in ecosystems can sometimes be positive or negative. Souce: Science Notebook Page 20

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Fossils are the remains of past dead organisms preserved in rock.Fossils found in certain layers of sedimentary rock can tell us how old or recent that organism is. It can tell us what kinds of organisms lived in the past in that area. It can also tell us if the environment that fossil formed in changed overtime. For example, if a shark tooth imprint was found in the middle of the desert, the fossil can tell us that that environment used to be an ocean.Fossils can be found in sedimentary rock. Fossils found in more higher layers of sedimentary rock tell us that the organism died not long ago while fossils found in older layers of sedimentary rock tell us that that organism is very ancient.
Source: Science Notebook Page 57

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Matter has many physical properties such as the state it's in, it's mass, relative density, solubility, magnetism, heat, and electricity.An object's state of matter can be a solid, liquid, or gas. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Relative Density is the amount of matter in an object for its size and the ability to sink or float.Solubility is the ability to be dissolved in water.A solute is a substance which is dissolved in a solvent. A solvent is a part of a mixture in which other substances are dissolved. Magnetism is when an object is attracted to a magnet. Materials such as iron, nickel, and cobalt are alloys.Heat conductors allow heat to pass through easily.Some examples are metals and glass.Heat insulators don't allow heat to pass through easily.For example, wood, plastic, and rubber.Electric conductors are materials that allow an electric current to pass through whereas electric insulators block the flow of an electric current.Source: Science Notebook Page 74