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How do cartilaginous fish not get tired from swimming all the time

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Because the blood travels through the capillaries in the same direction as the water travels

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Gases dissolve in the moisture on their skin and diffuse into the capillary network underneath 

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Gases dissolve in the moisture on their skin and diffuse into the capillary network underneath 

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What does the diaphragm do?

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What does the pleural fluid in the lungs do?

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What does the pleural fluid in the lungs do?

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Would it be possible to put gills onto other organisms so that they could breathe underwater 

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Would it be possible to put gills onto other organisms so that they could breathe underwater 

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Protection inside the body and to reduce water loss

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What's an example of a cartilaginous and bony fish

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Is an insects respiratory/ventilation system the reason they can only get so big?

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Parallel flow is less efficient because diffusion only works when there is a concentration gradient, which isn't maintained when the water is flowing in the same direction as the blood

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Parallel flow is less efficient because diffusion only works when there is a concentration gradient, which isn't maintained when the water is flowing in the same direction as the blood

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why do cartilaginous fish use parallel flow?

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What is the flap called that gills are covered by?

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What is the flap called that gills are covered by?

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The operculum

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How do amphibians breathe through their skin?

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How do amphibians breathe through their skin?

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Is it better to have a larger or smaller surface area to volume ratio

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Is it better to have a larger or smaller surface area to volume ratio

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What is the evolutionary benefit of being cartilaginous as opposed to bony?

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What is the evolutionary benefit of being cartilaginous as opposed to bony?

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No, frogs use their throat to make frog noises

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No, frogs use their throat to make frog noises

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Why do cartilaginous fish have a weaker ventilation system than bony fish?

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Why do cartilaginous fish have a weaker ventilation system than bony fish?

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Why is counter current flow more efficient even though the average % difference in o2 concentration is the same

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why do different fish have different gas exchange systems?

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Do frogs use their throat for air storage?

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Do frogs use their throat for air storage?

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Why in counter current flow less efficient even though the average 

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Why in counter current flow less efficient even though the average 

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Why is the bloods oxygen limited to 50% of its maximum value in parallel flow

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Why is the bloods oxygen limited to 50% of its maximum value in parallel flow

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Why do bony fish and cartilaginous fish have different gas exchange systems?

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Why is parallel flow less efficient than counter current?

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Why don't all fish have the same gas exchange system, as counter current is more efficient

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If a bird doesn't fly does it die as the flight muscles ventilate the lungs?

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Why do larger organisms have specialised gas exchange systems?