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De grotere klasse bureaus hebben alle veel eisen omtrent extra stringers, minimale afstanden webframe.

Voldoende aanvaringschotten levert een uitdaging op bij de gekozen scheepslengte.

Het bouwen van een lift van de accommodatie naar de werkplekken is een lastig item in het gekozen ontwerp.

Het bieden van de mogelijkheid om extra laboratoria te plaatsen is een lastig item ivm stabiliteits berekeningen.

Er komt een ruim werk dek, de winch, de kraan, etc vergen een uitdaging in de fundatie hiervan.

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Lengte , London Lenght 120 meter
Breedte, mld 33   meter
Holte (D) 7.5  meter
Diepgang (T) 5     meter
Carene inhoud 19800 m2
Blokcoefficient (Cb) 0.6
Waterlijncoefficient (Cw) Aw/(Lll x Bspt)
Grootspantcoefficient (Cm) Am/(Bspt X T)
Prismatischecoefficient (Cp) V/(Lll x A) = 0.6/1= 0.6
Displacement [t] 12000 ton
Laadvermogen/Passagiers  700 ton /    25 passagiers
Voortstuwingsvermogen 700 KWH
Actieradius 17 Days, (fuel related)

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Eerste aanzet grootspant, nog geen berekeningen. Hopelijk vind ik hier nog tijd voor.

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                                                                                                                                                                                            Constructie onderdelen

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                                                                                                                                                                                            Constructie onderdelen

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https://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/os/2015-07/DNVGL-OS-A201.pdf

https://www.cdlive.lr.org/

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Het management is zich bewust van hun leidinggevende marktpositie op het gebied van onderzoek der zee.

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Artikelen over slopen schepen. Ook andere artikelen en documentaires (BBC)bekeken.

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Artikelen over slopen schepen. Ook andere artikelen en documentaires (BBC)bekeken.

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1. in het westen veel goede sloop werven, die meer doen dan wettelijk verplicht
2. de meeste rederijen gaan echter naar Azie ivm de hoge kosten in het westen. Veel rederijen sluiten hun ogen voor het niet naleven van de IMO resoluties
3. Bij het ontwerp rekening houden met de latere sloop kan economisch voordeel opleveren.
4. veel wetgeving wordt omzeild of totaal niet nageleefd door de betreffende landen

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IMO resoluties

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The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) was made mandatory for new ships and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships at MEPC 62 (July 2011) with the adoption of amendments to MARPOL Annex VI ( resolution MEPC.203(62)), by Parties to MARPOL Annex VI. This was the first legally binding climate change treaty to be adopted since the Kyoto Protocol.
Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)
The EEDI for new ships is the most important technical measure and aims at promoting the use of more energy efficient (less polluting) equipment and engines. The EEDI requires a minimum energy efficiency level per capacity mile (e.g. tonne mile) for different ship type and size segments. Since 1 January 2013, following an initial two year phase zero, new ship design needs to meet the reference level for their ship type. The level is to be tightened incrementally every five years, and so the EEDI is expected to stimulate continued innovation and technical development of all the components influencing the fuel efficiency of a ship from its design phase. The EEDI is a non-prescriptive, performance-based mechanism that leaves the choice of technologies to use in a specific ship design to the industry. As long as the required energy efficiency level is attained, ship designers and builders are free to use the most cost-efficient solutions for the ship to comply with the regulations. The EEDI provides a specific figure for an individual ship design, expressed in grams of carbon dioxide (CO ₂) per ship's capacity-mile (the smaller the EEDI the more energy efficient ship design) and is calculated by a formula based on the technical design parameters for a given ship.

The CO ₂ reduction level (grams of CO ₂ per tonne mile) for the first phase is set to 10% and will be tightened every five years to keep pace with technological developments of new efficiency and reduction measures. Reduction rates have been established until the period 2025 and onwards when a 30% reduction is mandated for applicable ship types calculated from a reference line representing the average efficiency for ships built between 2000 and 2010. The EEDI is developed for the largest and most energy intensive segments of the world merchant fleet and embraces emissions from new ships covering the following ship types: tankers, bulk carriers, gas carriers, general cargo ships, container ships, refrigerated cargo carriers and combination carriers. In 2014, MEPC adopted amendments to the EEDI regulations to extend the scope of EEDI to: LNG carriers, ro-ro cargo ships (vehicle carriers), ro-ro cargo ships; ro-ro passenger ships and cruise passenger ships having non-conventional propulsion. These amendments mean that ship types responsible for approximately 85% of the CO ₂ emissions from international shipping are incorporated under the international regulatory regime.

Since 2012, Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted/approved or amended following important guidelines aimed at assisting the implementation of the mandatory regulations on Energy Efficiency for Ships in MARPOL Annex VI:

2014 Guidelines on survey and certification of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), as amended

2014 Guidelines on the method of calculation of the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index for new ships, as amended

2013 Guidelines for calculation of reference lines for use with the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)

2013 Guidelines for calculation of reference lines for use with the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for cruise passenger ships having non-conventional propulsion

2013 Interim guidelines for determining minimum propulsion power to maintain the manoeuvrability of ships in adverse conditions, as amended

2016 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP)

2013 Guidance on treatment of innovative energy efficiency technologies for calculation and verification of the attained EEDI

Interim Guidelines for the calculation of the coefficient f for decrease in ship speed in a representative sea condition for trial use

The above Guidelines and resolutions are available here
Finalization and adoption / approval of the supporting guidelines / guidance was a significant achievement which provides sufficient lead time for Administrations and industry to prepare. The guidelines will support Member States in their uniform implementation of the new chapter 4 of MARPOL Annex VI Regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships

Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI)

The Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) is an operational measure that establishes a mechanism to improve the energy efficiency of a ship in a cost-effective manner. The SEEMP also provides an approach for shipping companies to manage ship and fleet efficiency performance over time using, for example, the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) as a monitoring tool. The guidance on the development of the SEEMP for new and existing ships incorporates best practices for fuel efficient ship operation, as well as guidelines for voluntary use of the EEOI for new and existing ships ( MEPC.1/Circ.684). The EEOI enables operators to measure the fuel efficiency of a ship in operation and to gauge the effect of any changes in operation, e.g. improved voyage planning or more frequent propeller cleaning, or introduction of technical measures such as waste heat recovery systems or a new propeller. The SEEMP urges the ship owner and operator at each stage of the plan to consider new technologies and practices when seeking to optimise the performance of a ship.
Data collection system for fuel oil consumption of ships
MEPC 70 (October 2016) adopted mandatory MARPOL Annex VI requirements for ships to record and report their fuel oil consumption, by resolution MEPC.278(70). Further detailed information is provided .

In relation to the amendments to MARPOL Annex VI on the mandatory data collection systems for fuel oil consumption of ships, MEPC 70 also adopted the 2016 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), by resolution MEPC.282(70). Under the amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, on or before 31 December 2018, in the case of a ship of 5,000 gross tonnage and above, the SEEMP shall include a description of the methodology that will be used to collect the data and the processes that will be used to report the data to the ship's flag State.

Model Course for energy efficient operation ships

IMO, together with the World Maritime University (WMU) has been developing a model course on SEEMP promoting the energy efficient operation of ships. The first draft of the model course was submitted to MEPC 62. It provides general background on the climate change issue and IMO's related work and aims at building the different operational and technical tools into a manageable course programme, which will promulgate best practice throughout all sectors of the industry. The Course will help create benchmarks against which operators can assess their own performance. The purpose of the IMO model courses is to assist training providers and their teaching staff in organizing and introducing new training courses, or in enhancing, updating or supplementing existing training material, so that the quality and effectiveness of the training courses may thereby be improved.

MEPC 62 agreed that the draft model course was an excellent start to providing a structured training course. Following consideration by MEPC 63 to MEPC 65, IMO, in 2014, published IMO Model Course on Energy Efficient Operation of Ships (reference ET405E).

Breakthrough at MEPC 62 -

Legally binding agreement to reduce CO2 emissions from international shipping

Debate on the adoption of technical and operational measures

In July 2011, MEPC 62 continued its consideration of making the developed technical and operational measures mandatory by adding a new chapter 4 on energy efficiency to MARPOL Annex VI - Regulations on the prevention of air pollution from ships. MEPC 62 was held from 11 to 15 July 2011 at IMO's Headquarters in London. Very good momentum had been generated in the lead up to the session, during which parties involved in informal talks had showed great willingness to work out a compromise that could be accepted by all and be adopted by consensus.

A compromise proposal by Singapore (MEPC 62/6/21) included a possible phased-in implementation where administrations with the need for more time could waive the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) requirement for ships flying their flag for up to four years. A large number of delegations supported the proposal by Singapore and expressed interest in further consideration of how it could be incorporated in the draft regulatory text. Noting that an informal group convened by the MEPC Chairman was holding consultations with a view to seeking consensus among Member States on the proposed energy efficiency regulations, the Committee agreed that the proposal by Singapore provided scope for a compromise agreement as it contained elements around which a consensus could be built.

Assisted by an informal group convened by the Chairman, delegations embarked on negotiations involving capacity building and technical assistance to developing countries. Being well aware that capacity building and technical assistance to administrations without the needed human and financial resources are essential elements for any new regulations to be effectively implemented and enforced in the world fleet of merchant vessels, the Committee successfully reached a compromise solution. The new chapter includes a regulation on Promotion of technical co-operation and technology transfer related to the improvement of energy efficiency of ships, which requires Administrations, in co-operation with IMO and other international bodies, to promote and provide, as appropriate, support directly or through IMO to States, especially developing States, that request technical assistance. It also requires the Administration of a Party to co-operate actively with other Parties, subject to its national laws, regulations and policies, to promote the development and transfer of technology and exchange of information to States, which request technical assistance, particularly developing States, in respect of the implementation of measures to fulfil the new energy efficiency requirements.

On the challenging issue of application, a number of delegations opposed the possibility of port States to deny port entry for ships issued with an EEDI waiver as this would undermine the phased implementation, making the provision hollow. Other delegations felt the suggested timeline was excessive and should be shortened to one or maximum two years. Extensive informal negotiations were held until the Chairman was able to present to plenary a compromise text on a new chapter 4 on energy efficiency to be added to MARPOL Annex VI. The successful negotiations leading to a compromise text clearly indicated the Parties' willingness to find workable solutions and to respond to the urgent need for all industries to contribute to the combined effort to halt climate change.

In the informal negotiations led by the Chairman, development of a draft MEPC resolution on capacity building, technical assistance and transfer of technology also took place to complement the regulatory text in order to strengthen the technical assistance to developing countries. The resolution was intended to be adopted together with the energy efficiency regulations as a package. However, while good progress had been made during the informal negotiations it was not possible to finalize the draft resolution by consensus as there were several issues where divergence could not be overcome. As a result, a number of delegations opposed the adoption of the energy efficiency regulations during MEPC 62. The Chairman stated that he would further develop the draft MEPC resolution on capacity building, technical assistance and transfer of technology with a view to its final adoption at MEPC 63.

All delegations that intervened in the ensuing plenary debate expressed their admiration for the Chairman's strenuous efforts to bring all Members together and produce a text on the basis of which consensus might be reached. In this respect, some delegations considered that additional amendments and clarifications were required before adoption of the proposed text could be further considered, while other delegations were of the view that the text presented by the Chairman was the most delicate of compromises and should be considered as the final text for adoption.

Adoption of mandatory technical and operational measures

The Secretary-General congratulated the Chairman and delegations for their hard work and statesmanlike attitude in drafting the compromise text. Recalling his opening remarks appealing to all Members to compromise, and noting that the proposed text had been carefully crafted on the basis of concessions made by all engaged in the consultations, he commended the text to the Committee as it represented a well-balanced outcome that was workable in today's shipping reality and which also preserved the universality of IMO's regulations and the unity of its membership. In turn, the Chairman thanked the Committee for its trust in his leadership on the issue, and commended the text inviting the Committee to adopt it.

The majority of delegations that responded to the Chairman's invitation supported adoption. However, the delegation of Saudi Arabia requested that a vote be held on adoption of the aforementioned draft amendments and the delegation of Brazil requested that the vote be undertaken by a roll-call. 59 of the 64 Parties to MARPOL Annex VI were present and eligible to vote. The following outcome of the roll call vote should be noted:

Yes: 49 Parties: Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Bulgaria, Canada, Cook Islands, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Marshall Islands, Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Samoa, Serbia, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Tuvalu, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States, Vanuatu

No: 5 Parties: Brazil, Chile, China, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia

Abstain: 2 Parties: Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Not present in the room: 3 Parties: Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Syrian Arab Republic

The roll call vote resulted in the adoption of mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international shipping by Parties to MARPOL Annex VI representing the first ever mandatory global GHG reduction regime for an international industry sector.

The yes-voting countries represent (roughly 80%) of the world's merchant shipping tonnage flagged in developing or developed countries. Moreover, the universality of the regulatory measures now introduced into MARPOL Annex VI is well illustrated by the yes-voting countries as they represent all regions of the world - both exporters and importers, as well as the largest flag States, most of the large ship building nations and many of the countries such as the Pacific Islands States, that are most likely to suffer first from the effects of climate change. Furthermore, the yes-voting countries represent about 75% of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from international shipping which, augurs well for the environmental effectiveness of the new IMO treaty obligations.

The amendments to MARPOL Annex VI Regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships, add a new chapter 4 to Annex VI on Regulations on energy efficiency for ships to make mandatory the EEDI for new ships, and the SEEMP for all ships (resolution MEPC.203(62)). Other amendments add new definitions and requirements for survey and certification, including the format for the new International Energy Efficiency Certificate. The new regulations apply to all merchant ships of 400 gross tonnage and above regardless of the national flag they fly or the nationality of the owner, and are expected to enter into force globally on 1 January 2013. However, an Administration that considers that it on its industry needs more time to comply may waive the requirement for new ships from complying with the EEDI for up to four years.

The adoption by IMO of mandatory reduction measures for all ships from 2013 and onwards will lead to significant emission reductions and also a striking cost saving for the shipping industry. By 2020, up to 200 million tonnes of annual CO2 reductions are estimated from the introduction of the EEDI for new ships and the SEEMP for all ships in operation, a figure that, by 2030, will increase to 420 million tonnes of CO2 annually. In other words, the reductions will in 2020 be between 10 and 17%, and by 2030 between 19 and 26% compared with business as usual. The reduction measures will also result in a significant saving in fuel costs to the shipping industry, although these savings require deeper investments in more efficient ships and more sophisticated technologies than the business as usual scenario. The annual fuel cost saving estimates states a staggering figure of $20 to 80 billion by 2020, and even more astonishing $90 - 310 billion by 2030.

The amendments to MARPOL Annex VI making energy efficiency standards mandatory constitute the first international climate change treaty provisions to be formally adopted since the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and the first ever globally binding instrument introducing energy efficiency regulations for any international industry sector.

Commenting at the close of the session, on the outcome of MEPC, IMO Secretary-General Efthimios E. Mitropoulos expressed satisfaction at the many and various significant achievements with which the session should be credited. "Although not by consensus - which of course would be the ideal outcome - the Committee has now adopted amendments to MARPOL Annex VI introducing mandatory technical and operational measures for the energy efficiency of ships. Let us hope that the work to follow on these issues will enable all Members to join in, so that the service to the environment the measures aim at will be complete," he said.

MEPC 62 agreed a work plan to continue the work on energy efficiency measures for ships, to include the development of EEDI frameworks for ship types and sizes, and propulsion systems, not covered by the current EEDI requirements and the development of EEDI and SEEMP-related guidelines. An intersessional working group meeting on energy efficiency measures for ships is scheduled to take place in January 2012 and will report its progress to MEPC 63 (February/March 2012). The interssional working group is tasked with:

1. further improving, with a view to finalization at MEPC 63, draft Guidelines on the method of calculation of the EEDI for new ships; draft Guidelines for the development of a SEEMP; draft Guidelines on Survey and Certification of the EEDI; and draft interim Guidelines for determining minimum propulsion power and speed to enable safe manoeuvring in adverse weather conditions;

2. considering the development of EEDI frameworks for other ship types and propulsion systems not covered by the draft Guidelines on the method of calculation of the EEDI for new ships;

3. dentifying the necessity of other guidelines or supporting documents for technical and operational measures; considering the EEDI reduction rates for larger tankers and bulk carriers; and

4. considering the improvement of the guidelines on the Ship Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) (MEPC.1/Circ.684).

Comments on the Adoption of Regulations on Energy Efficiency for Ships by the UN Superiors and IMO Secretary-General

Following the session, the IMO's Secretary-General wrote to his counterparts in the UN system stating:

"I am very pleased to inform you of the decision of Parties to MARPOL Annex VI ... to adopt mandatory requirements introducing energy efficiency standards, which are aimed at the reduction of GHG emissions from ships engaged on international voyages.

The amendments were adopted by an overwhelming majority of the Parties concerned, representing regions from across the globe and 79%, by tonnage, of the world's merchant fleet. The fact the amendments do not differentiate between flag States augurs well for the environment effectiveness of the standards adopted and, indeed, it may be said that the regulatory regime now put in place by IMO, with an expected entry into force date of 1 January 2013, constitutes the first ever global mandatory GHG reduction regime for an international industry sector.

This was an historical landmark in IMO's work, leaving the environment as the sole winner in intensive negotiations that lasted four and a half years. It has come as a testimony to IMO's ability to rise to the circumstances and deliver a substantial contribution to the world's efforts to address climate change. I hope it sets a precedent to follow.

I will be very happy to present the outcome of MEPC 62 to the forthcoming United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 17) in Durban, where I would expect the world community to reiterate its trust in IMO continuing its perennial efforts to protect and preserve the environment, both marine and atmospheric."

In acknowledgement of the decision of the Parties to MARPOL Annex VI to adopt mandatory requirements introducing energy efficiency standards, which are aimed at the reduction of GHG emissions from ships engaged on international voyages, Mr. Ban Kin-moon, UN Secretary-General and Mrs. Christiana Figueres, UNFCCC Executive Director wrote to IMO's Secretary-General:

Mr. Ban Kin-moon, UN Secretary-General:

"I would like to congratulate you on this significant outcome reached at IMO's MEPC 62. This underscores the fact that IMO is the best positioned to play a leadership role in addressing GHG emission from international shipping. This is indeed very welcome progress.

I am confident that your presentation of the IMO outcome in this regard to the seventeenth session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 17) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Durban in December 2011 could make a positive contribution to the respective discussions within UNFCCC.

I commend you and your colleagues in the IMO Secretariat for achieving this important outcome."

Mrs. Christiana Figueres, UNFCCC Executive Director:

"I would like to congratulate you on this outstanding result, which for the first time in history establishes a global mandatory GHG emission reduction regime for an entire economic sector. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has certainly proven its strong leadership and commitment in addressing GHG emissions from international shipping. This success is a result of the untiring efforts of the IMO secretariat which, through its continuous work and high level of commitment, laid the foundation for this exceptional decision.

The adoption of mandatory efficiency standards for international shipping is a major step and a substantial contribution of the international shipping sector to global efforts in addressing climate change...

I would very much welcome IMO presenting the outcome of MEPC 62 and its contribution to global climate change actions to the Parties under the UNFCCC at the forthcoming COP 17 ... We encourage you to do so in the context of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, where Parties have invited the IMO secretariat to report in its relevant work on climate change...

Let me in this context reiterate the commitment of the UNFCCC secretariat to continuing to support and work collaboratively with IMO, its secretariat and Marine Environment Protection Committee, so as to ensure further progress on limiting and reducing GHG emissions from international shipping.

Thank you once again for your leadership and unfailing work in addressing this issue..." ​

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The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) was made mandatory for new ships and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships at MEPC 62 (July 2011) with the adoption of amendments to MARPOL Annex VI ( resolution MEPC.203(62)), by Parties to MARPOL Annex VI.

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                                                                                                                                                                                         Ontwerp oplossingen

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                                                                                                                                                                                         Ontwerp oplossingen

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                                                                                                                                                                                                 Scheepsvorm

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                                                                                                                                                                                                 Scheepsvorm

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                                                                                                                                                                                              Ships Life Cycle

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                                                                                                                                                                                              Ships Life Cycle

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MIRAI < Research Vessels and Vehicles < Research Vessels, Facilities and Equipment < About JAMSTEC < JAMSTEC

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Home > About JAMSTEC > Research Vessels, Facilities and Equipment > Research Vessels and Vehicles > MIRAI

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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globaal overzicht werkzaamheden welke het schip kan gaan uitvoeren

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globaal overzicht werkzaamheden welke het schip kan gaan uitvoeren

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Hoofd afmetingen

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z

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Onderzoek organisaties

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List of oceanographic institutions and programs - Wikipedia

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This is a list of oceanography, atmospheric science and climate related institutions and programs.

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Onderzoeks organisaties

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Mindpad

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Public mind map by Dave de Liefde. Create your own collaborative mind maps for free at www.mindmeister.com