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(1920- )
* School Reform
* extended Dewey's ideas of democracy and social activism.
*extended Tyler's rational model of curriculum making.
* Believed philosophy was the starting point of curriculum/ basis for determining goals/ means and ends.
*Goodlad advocated for teacher involvement in developing curriculum.
*Goodlad's view was school should promote individual's potential but also instill society's values and norms.
*From researched concluded that 1. curriculum prescribed in most schools is ineffective due to little relation to real events 2. disparity b/ween agreed on goals and actual program, 3. students treated as passive participants.

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(1902-1994)
* Basic Principles
Best Known for book in 1949 " Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction".
* greatly influenced by Judd's and Dewey's progressive social theories/ Thorndike's and Piaget's learning theories.
*Drew from behavioris such as Bobbitt and Charters.
*Curriculum model an elaboration of Rugg's 4 major/ represents : rational, logical, and systematic approach to curriculum making.

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* Development Period
*emphasis from course of study to instruction improvement.
* courses of study for guides for teachers.
*saw curriculum as a process involving scientific steps of development, organization, instruction, and evaluation.
*"scope", "subject matter", "sequence", "worthy home membership"

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(1886-1960)
* Member of (NSSE) honor society/ Rugg chairperson of 12 member society.  University of Chicago honors society published its 26th yearbook in two volumes: "Curriculum-Making : Past and Present" and " The Foundations of Curriculum Making".
* Rugg maintained that curriculum specialists should plan curriculum.
* The year book had great influence in many school districts in curriculum making.
* Rugg worked shared Bobbitt's and Charters's faith in " science of curriculum".
*Rugg and Ann Shumaker coauthored "The Child-Centered School" .
*Rugg put emphasis on student centered curriculum and social studies.

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The Progressive Influence
* Kilpatrick attempted to merge the behaviorist theory and progressive theory while at Columbia University/ "Project Method.
* "Project Method" presented in book, "Foundations of Method" which advocated giving children considerable input on determining the curriculum.
* Kilpatrick "If you was to educate the boy to think and plan for himself, then let him make his own plan."
* Kilpatrick became part of The Committee of Ten.
* Kilpatrick saw education's purpose as the child's growth along social lines, not mastery of content.

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* In his book "Curriculum Construction, discussed curriculum in terms of specific operations/ running machine.
* advocated a behaviorist approach/ business notions of efficiency.
* Charters and Bobbitt initiators of the behavioral and scientific movements of curriculum.
*Laid the ground work for curriculum evaluation.
* Bobbitt and Charters taught and University of Chicago/ great influence on Ralph Tyler who became head of testing and evaluation at the Ohio State Bureau of Ed. Research 1929.

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*http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1794/Bobbitt-Franklin-1876-1956.html
*http://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/tylerpresentation01-110718112630-phpapp01-thumbnail-4.jpg?cb=1310989181
*http://storage.lib.uchicago.edu/ucpa/series1/derivatives_series1/apf1-01677r.jpg
*http://www.greatthoughtstreasury.com/sites/default/files/kilpatrick_retouched_popup[1].jpg
*http://www.azquotes.com/public/pictures/authors/71/63/7163ed40729102eed30fb45a52846885/54cd70d773fd1_harold_rugg.jpg
*http://cf067b.medialib.glogster.com/media/14/1450f2dc3646c531bbfb1dd89f73e1370ec3d19d9b4a2ed5fb0e27956c4ff268/caswell-thumbnail.jpg
*http://thoprogramsged.weebly.com/uploads/1/4/2/1/14219270/1350856710.png
*https://education.uw.edu/sites/default/files/styles/basic_page/public/John%20Goodlad%20(head%20shot)_0.JPG?itok=DX-6Ea5X
*1.     Ornstein, Allan C., and Francis P. Hunkins. Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Issues. Boston: Pearson, 2013. Print.

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* Theories of Frederick Taylor who analyzed factory efficiency influenced Bobbitt.

*  Efficient schools major goal of 1920's.

* Bobbitt's book " The Curriculum" was  solely dedicated to curriculum as a science and all its phases.

*Bobbitt and Charters initiators of the behavioral and scientific movements of curriculum.

*Bobbitt's Guidelines for selecting objectives ; 6 guidelines that can still be applied today.

*Bobbitt played a leading role in establishing curriculum as a field of specialization in education.