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as indicated by repeated lying..."(American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

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"Doesn't every young writer in New York?"
Only Beck and her computer know her poetry - oh wait, so does the guy who hacked it.

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"It's New York, no one's bedroom is big enough to fit a king." Beck lives alone and only allows those she knows in. I suppose she knows Joe, she just doesn't know he was in her apartment.

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"It's New York, no one's bedroom is big enough to fit a king."

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"The 'treatability' of individuals with (APD) has been questioned and debated for decades.

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"The 'treatability' of individuals with (APD) has been questioned and debated for decades.

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It is argued that the impulsivity, self-serving actions, and deceitfulness inherent to the disorder make it difficult, if not impossible, to treat. As individuals with (APD) are considerably overrepresented in the criminal justice system, the ability of treatment to reduce recidivism is a prominent concern" (Wilson, 2014).

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"Staff working with ASP should recognize that

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"Staff working with ASP should recognize that

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a positive and rewarding approach is more likely to be successful than a punitive approach" (British Psychological Society, 2010, p.7)

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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1. intervention targeted specifically at the NPD:
- We recommend Reasoning and Rehabilitation group therapy sessions (see below) targeted at working on interpersonal relationships to help discontinue the manipulatory thought processes and establish a sense of empathy and remorse.

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Reasoning and Rehabilitation group therapy "...aims to help [inmates] address concerns directly rather than coping with their anger and other emotions by engaging in risky or violent behavior" (Reasoning and Rehabilitation, 2016).

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Reasoning and Rehabilitation group therapy "...aims to help [inmates] address concerns directly rather than coping with their anger and other emotions by engaging in risky or violent behavior" (Reasoning and Rehabilitation, 2016).

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Utilizes cognitive behavioral therapy to "develop lateral thinking... social skills... recognition and reframing of potentially criminal thoughts, the effective processing of information, and the alteration of maladaptive and problematic behaviors,[and] critical thinking."

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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2. treatment and management of symptoms and behaviours associated with APD such as impulsivity and aggression
- We recommend the prisoner undergo anger management courses

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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3. treatment of comorbid conditions such as depression and drug misuse
- According to patient history, there may be evidence of PTSD from childhood abuse as a comorbid disorder, but that will require further investigation once therapeutic sessions begin. Otherwise, we have a negative toxicology screening in addition to testimonials from acquaintances that confirms suggestion that, while unusual for individuals with APD, there is no substance use disorder involved.

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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a 4-part treatment plan, as outlined by NICE guidelines in the ASP NICE guideline DRAFT (British Psychological Study, 2010)

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4. management of offending behavior (see linked treatment plan for individualized therapy.) Note that while this step-by-step is indicated for people with Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), most personality disorders occur in clusters, and APD falls closely in line with NPD in Cluster B of the DSM-5.

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The internet is full of sites by non-mental health professionals that say that narcissistic personality disorder cannot be treated. They also say that narcissists are master manipulators who can fool even experienced psychotherapists and what appears to be progress is just a temporary behavior change. Or, else they claim that narcissists twist the truth and somehow manage to convince experienced psychotherapists that they are blameless and the real problem is someone else.

I would like to set the record straight: None of the above is true. There are effective treatments for narcissistic personality disorder. Change is difficult, but possible. Everyone has the capacity to grow and evolve and this includes people with NPD.

Note: In this article I am using the terms "narcissist," "narcissistic," and "NPD" as shorthand to describe people who qualify for a diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder.

So why do so many people believe that NPD cannot be treated by psychotherapy?

There are three basic reasons that we do not hear about the successful treatment of narcissistic personality disorder:

1. There are very few psychotherapy training institutes that focus on teaching the diagnosis and treatment of NPD. Most psychotherapy training programs are designed to turn out general practitioners, not specialists.

2. This is a difficult, expensive, and time consuming specialty to learn properly. At least three years of advanced training are necessary to become competent in this area.

3. Most narcissists avoid psychotherapy or quit prematurely when they feel threatened or uncomfortable.

In summary: There are not enough psychotherapists available who are properly trained in the diagnosis and treatment of narcissistic personality disorder. Not many people with NPD actually want psychotherapy. And many who do want psychotherapy, do not realize that their underlying problem is narcissism. Their ignorance about the real nature of their issues leads them to choose the wrong type of therapist. This means that the majority of narcissists who enter therapy end up with psychotherapists who may not recognize that they have a narcissistic personality disorder, or if they do, they have no idea how to treat narcissistic issues.

Further adding to the difficulty, most narcissists quit therapy prematurely, even when they have a good therapist. This is usually because they find self-reflection incredibly painful. It involves dropping their defenses and facing their own underlying shame and low self-esteem.
What is the therapy of narcissistic personality disorder actually like?
All psychotherapy takes longer than most clients expect. There is no ten session cure for complex problems. A full psychotherapy of NPD generally takes at least 5-10 years. It is a long, slow, and complex process. It proceeds in stages. Clients can stop at any point. How far they get in therapy depends on how many stages they complete and how impaired they were to begin with. High functioning narcissists who are self-reflective and cope with most parts of their life well are likely to do better in therapy than lower functioning narcissists who are unable to keep a job and have no friends.
The 10 Stages of Therapy for Narcissistic Disorders
Here is a very abbreviated look at the process. In reality, it may not be this neat or linear. And, please keep in mind, that different forms of therapy for NPD exist, and each may see the therapy process somewhat differently than I do. I am describing what my experience treating people with NPD for over 40 years has taught me.

Stage 1: Symptom Relief or Appeasement. Most clients with NPD do not enter therapy in order to reflect or change. They usually come to get relief from unpleasant feelings and symptoms or to please someone important to them. Some leave as soon as they feel better or the person is appeased.

Stage 2: Avoid Future Pain. Some clients with NPD find therapy more interesting than they expected. If they are at all capable of self-reflection, they may continue long enough to understand their triggers and develop a plan that will help them avoid future pain. It is still all about them at this stage without any desire to understand or change their impact on other people. It is about understanding other people's impact on them.

Stage 3: Identify their Coping Mechanisms. In this stage I am helping people understand and identify their primary defense patterns. It may involve looking at their childhood situation and how they learned to cope with it. This is still fairly easy because it can be explored (in many cases) without them feeling judged.

Stage 4: Create New Coping Mechanisms. Now that the person knows what they do and why they do it, the old narcissistic strategies do not simply disappear. If you are holding on to the edge of a cliff with both hands, so as not to fall, you do not just let go because your climbing technique is inefficient or painful. So, we start discussing other ways that they can meet their needs that are more constructive. Eventually, they will identify new methods.

Stage 5: Form New Habits. Most narcissistic coping mechanisms can be viewed as habits which are encoded in the brain through neuronal connections. The basic goal now is two-fold: (1) Inhibit the old, automatic narcissistic habits and (2) Substitute the new, more desirable patterns.

If this is done a few hundred times, the new method eventually gets encoded in the brain. The older narcissistic pattern of neuronal connections weakens through lack of use, and now the new coping mechanisms become the automatic default pattern.

If you would like to know more about what happens at the neuronal level when you try to change a habit, I suggest you check out the work of the Nobel Prize winning biologist Gerald Edelman (1929-2014), especially his 1987 book: Neural Darwinism.

Stage 6: Impact on Other People. Most of the time, clients with narcissistic defensive coping patterns cannot seriously consider their impact on other people until they have newer coping patterns in place. They will feel too much shame.

Their success in understanding themselves and forming new habits creates some realistic pride. This gives them less incentive to be grandiose, and more ability to tolerate the idea that it might improve their life if they took other people's needs into consideration. This is not about having more emotional empathy. We are still looking at everything through the lens of how it benefits them.

Stage 7: Focus on Childhood Pain. At this stage, the clients are calmer and their life is generally calmer. They have learned what type of things trigger them and have developed more productive ways of coping with situations.

Now that some of their defenses against shame are less necessary, painful traumas from the past start to take center stage in the therapy. If this goes well, some healing takes place and in the process they develop some emotional empathy for themselves as a child.

They also start to develop the capacity to form a stable, realistic, and integrated image of themselves (Whole Object Relations). This allows them to start to see other people in a more integrated way as well-neither all-good or all-bad.

Stage 8: Update the Inner Voice. Before they can develop emotional empathy for other people, most people with NPD need to empathize with themselves. Quite early in the therapy-at almost any stage-I start talking about how children automatically internalize their understanding of how their caregivers saw them, their caregivers' ideas about right and wrong, and also their ideas about what deserves praise and blame.

I point out that we update our cell phones, our computers, and our apps, but most of us are still running our life based on inner "software" that was programmed by a very young child. I suggest that they examine how their inner guiding voice talks to them and pay attention to the following things:

Do you like the tone of your inner voice?

Is it sweet, loving, harsh, or scary?

Is it fair?

Is it a reliable guide through life?

Does it reward you when you do well?

Can you please it?

Does it punish you with shame or guilt when you need to be reined in?

Is the punishment overly harsh?

Do you really require such harshness to get the message?

Once they are aware of the tone and content of their inner voice, and understand that the way they speak to themselves can be changed, we explore what changes they might like to make.

Making the changes takes awareness and a willingness to challenge and inhibit the inner voice. Sometimes all that is needed is a firm "Stop that!" when the voice is overly harsh. Then clients practice talking to themselves in the new way that they have decided would be preferable. As with changing the coping mechanisms, this can take vigilance and many repetitions.

Note: You can usually tell how harsh someone is with themselves from listening to how harsh they are with other people. Inner harshness is proportionate to outer harshness. Blaming and judging other people is a way to redirect the harsh inner critic outward. This buys them some inner peace at other people's expense.

Stage 9: Empathy for Other People. Once they understand their own pain and have their harsh, devaluing inner voice more under control, they can start to look outward at other people. Generally, their first real emotional empathy for other people is evoked by someone who meets the following conditions:

They are no threat to the narcissist.

The other person reminds them of themselves.

This person is being traumatized or was traumatized in a way that is very similar to what the narcissist experienced.

If all goes well, some of these clients will continue to slowly expand their capacity for emotional empathy.

Stage 10: Authenticity.My consistent and nonjudgmental interest in them, and their dropping of their defenses, improves our relationship. It can be a reparative emotional experience. They feel trust that they can be authentic with me because I have seen their "bad side" and nothing terrible has happened to either of us.

They take baby steps forward and try and be more authentic with other people. If this goes well, their reliance on their old "false self" defenses diminishes and they become more spontaneous and joyful.
The above is a highly abbreviated sketch of therapy for narcissistic personality disorder. It is complex, involves many stages, and is likely to take a long time. There is a lot of ground to cover. Sometimes people do not want to do all of this, or cannot do it all. Everyone who keeps plugging away at evolving eventually improves. How much depends on their willingness to keep working on themselves. This article was based on a Quora post (6/28/19). Facebook image: February_Love/Shutterstock

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10 Stages in the Treatment of Narcissistic Disorders

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The internet is full of sites by non-mental health professionals that say that narcissistic personality disorder cannot be treated. They also say that narcissists are master manipulators who can fool even experienced psychotherapists and what appears to be progress is just a temporary behavior change.

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they are masters above the rules, and others are a means to an end- vulnerable, weak, and justifiably prey" (Lay, 2019, p.308).

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"Cognitively, people with APD tend to be...

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"Cognitively, people with APD tend to be...

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intelligent and skilled at reading social cues, people, and situations. However, their contempts of rules and authority, combined with a deep-seated sense of entitlement, allow them to rationalize and justify their aggressive and/or manipulative behavior" (Lay, 2019, p. 390).

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or failure to plan ahead"(American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

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The locations where Joe tried to, then successfully, murder Peach - Beck's rich and powerful best friend.

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with respect to lawful behaviors..."(American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

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as indicated by...rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another"(American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

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"Everything I have done, I have done for you."

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"Everything I have done, I have done for you."

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Joe gives the blanket reasoning behind all of his actions - the larceny, the stalking, the violent assaults, the murders - they all come full circle, back to YOU, Beck...

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"Everything I have done, I have done for you."

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"A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others... as indicated by..." Look to EVIDENCE 1-4.
(American Psychiatric Association, 2013)

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🎶 He sees you when you're reading 🎶

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🎶 He knows you when you're awake 🎶

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🎶 He knows when you're playing bad or good 🎶

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Joe rationalizes to Beck the specific reasons why a few of his victims earned their fate.

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Joe's a clever guy with a simple internet connection. Harmless? Maybe not

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Luckily, Joe can turn the tables on anyone he talks to, and excused his presence with a little white lie.

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🎶 So don't leave (or you'll end up in the box) 🎶

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(MSE)

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Check out this rap sheet!

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We chose to complete a HCR-20 conducted at check-in along with the MSE.

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We chose to complete a HCR-20 conducted at check-in along with the MSE.

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see below