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March 3, 1820

The Missouri Compromise admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and prohibited slavery in territory that later became Kansas and Nebraska.

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January 1, 1831
The Liberator was a weekly newspaper of abolitionist crusader William Lloyd Garrison. It was the most influential anti slavery periodical in the pre-Civil War period of U.S. history.

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Aug 21, 1831 – Aug 23, 1831
A rebellion of black slaves that took place in Southampton County, Virginia. It was led by Nat Turner. Between 55 and 65 people were killed, at least 51 of whom were white

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Apr 25, 1846 – Feb 2, 1848
The Mexican-American War, also called Mexican War, Spanish Guerra de 1847 or Guerra de Estados Unidos a México was a war between the United States and Mexico stemming from the United States’ annexation of Texas.

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January 29, 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was made up of five bills that attempted to resolve disputes over slavery in new territories added to the United States in the wake of the Mexican-American War (1846-48).

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March 20, 1852
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, in full Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly was a novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that was published in in the United States. It was an abolitionist novel that achieved wide popularity, particularly among white readers in the North. The book vividly described the experience of slavery.

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March 20, 1854
The Republican Party is founded by a group of antislavery politicians who formerly belonged to the Whig and Free-Soil Parties. The party opposes the Southern Democratic Party, the nativist "Know Nothing" American Party, and the potential expansion of slavery into the Western territories.

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May 30, 1854
The Kansas-Nebraska Act was a bill that mandated “popular sovereignty” allowing settlers of a territory to decide whether slavery would be allowed within a new state’s borders.

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May 22, 1856
Representative Preston Brooks, a pro-slavery Democrat from South Carolina, used a walking cane to attack Senator Charles Sumner, an abolitionist Republican from Massachusetts in retaliation for a speech given by Sumner two days earlier in which he fiercely criticized slaveholders, including a relative of Brooks.

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March 6, 1857
A decade-long fight for freedom by a Black enslaved man named Dred Scott. The case persisted through several courts and ultimately reached the U.S. Supreme Court, whose decision incensed abolitionists, gave momentum to the anti-slavery movement and served as a stepping stone to the Civil War.

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October 16-18, 1859
John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry was an effort by abolitionist John Brown, to initiate a slave revolt in Southern states by taking over the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.

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November 6, 1860
Abraham Lincoln is elected the 16th president of the United States over a deeply divided Democratic Party, becoming the first Republican to win the presidency. Lincoln received only 40 percent of the popular vote but handily defeated the three other candidates.

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December 20, 1860
South Carolina became the first slave state in the south to declare that it had seceded from the United States.