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1: Etre capable de mémoriser:
les mots suivants , d'en donner une définition rapide et de définir ce qu’ils ont en commun : England – Scotland – Wales – UK – GB – Plaid Cymru – SNP – Devolution – Ulster – Eire – Referendum – Assembly – British Isles• 2: Chronologie : de la construction du Royaume Uni à la dévolution.   Etre capable d’expliquer ce qui a conduit au processus de décentralisation au Royaume Uni.

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FINAL TASK EO
Subject: " You are part of the "YOUTHPARTY" in the UK. Do a speech to sensitize politicians about one particular problem and to motivate youths to vote. "
INTERMEDIATE TASK  EE: write a press article
Ar e citizens well represented in elections and referendums?

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Look for information about the UK:
Group 1: ENGLAND
-Give info about the government, the economy, the population, the main cities, the construction of England and the main powers.
Group 2: IRELAND:
-Give info about the government, the economy, the population, the main cities
-GROUP 3: Wales and Scotland
-Give info about the government, the economy, the population, the main cities
-GROUP 4: fill in the worksheet below about political parties and work on DEVOLUTION IN THE UK.

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Draw a timeline and explain

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Etre capable d’expliquer en anglais le choix des britanniques en fonction de leur région, leur âge, leur catégorie sociale, leur culture d’origine ou leur sensibilité politique.

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GROUP 1:Were these people for or against the Brexit?

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GROUP 1:Were these people for or against the Brexit?

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watch the video and fill in the document

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BROWSE THE WEB AND READ THE ARTICLE TO DESCRIBE THE BREXIT

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Polls have recently placed the 'Leave' campaign ahead of 'Stay' in the much anticipated referendum on Brexit. Compounded by Deloitte research this week reporting growing Euroscepticism from business communities, and the Prime Minister's landmark announcement that Ministers will indeed be permitted to campaign to leave, all bets are off. 2015 taught us many things, most importantly not to trust pollsters. However, a look at material evidence from 2015 events does suggest that Britain's membership is at risk.

The Refugee Crisis dominated the front pages in 2015. For Eurosceptics this was the gift which kept on giving; European leaders held summit after summit without ever producing a meaningful humanitarian response. The Schengen project, a founding principle of the EU and everything it represents, ground to a halt in the Balkan states who were overwhelmed by the sheer humanity trudging along their borders. Just this week, sensible Denmark followed Sweden and nine others in introducing border checks to stem migration. Immigration remains the go-to argument for sceptics, who have rather shrewdly capitalized on this crisis to direct public opinion against Brussels.

Causing this migration is the conflict-ridden Middle East, towards which the EU has been ineffectual, sceptics argue. The EU has a shiny new Diplomatic Corps, the European External Action Service, but its conflict resolution projects have failed. The EU has long under-punched as a diplomatic power, and this shows no sign of changing. A key argument of the pro-EU lobby is that Britain in Europe enhances its voice on the global stage. However, this idea loses legitimacy with every day that the EU spends at diplomatic impasse in Syria and beyond.

The EU has also failed to manage relations with Russia in any constructive capacity. Meagre progress owes to John Kerry and the US State Department. Ongoing conflict in Ukraine has become an afterthought, as has Russia's de facto annexation of Crimea. President Putin is a bully, and the British Bulldog spirit that fuels the 'Leave' campaign does not appreciate being bullied. Free from EU baggage, sceptics argue an independent UK could reassume its role at the world's top table.

The ugly result of these and many other factors is the wave of terror that has swept through Europe. Even the most liberal democracies are considering intrusive surveillance powers following attacks over 2015. EU counter-terror operations have been poor, with no effective intelligence sharing or targeting of terror groups' funding streams. Air strikes from national Governments have helped liberate positions, though sceptics suggest this shows how effective independent Governments are when they work in ad-hoc coalition rather than political union. In short, the EU has not stood up to terror.

The Eurozone was also a source of angst throughout 2015. Low growth and high unemployment, compounded by debt-induced meltdown in Greece have rendered the world's largest trading bloc rather impotent. The 'Stay' campaign's trump card has been the financial risks associated with Brexit. So many British jobs and exports directly depend on the EU that it would be foolish to exit, they say. Drawing on experience from the Scottish independence referendum, the 'Stay' lobby can mount an effective campaign around peoples' economic interests, but this will require a far healthier Eurozone to win people over.

The EU desperately needs some wins in 2016 which directly benefit the British people. The majority of big projects in Europe, such as the Horizon 2020 innovation agenda and TTIP, feel distant and irrelevant. As UK renegotiation seems unlikely to produce fundamental changes, big and bold action is needed to convince the British people not just how bad it would be to leave, but also how great it would be to stay.

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Brexit Update: the state of play | Interel Insight

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Polls have recently placed the 'Leave' campaign ahead of 'Stay' in the much anticipated referendum on Brexit. Compounded by Deloitte research this week reporting growing Euroscepticism from business communities, and the Prime Minister's landmark announcement that Ministers will indeed be permitted to campaign to leave, all bets are off.

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Look at the documents below and do a summary . Try to explain how did British people vote. Take into account their ages, social background.....

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Each group read the article then choose 10 questions (or create a Kahoot)  to verify what the other groups have understood

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After months of negotiations, the UK and European Union finally agreed a deal that will define their future relationship, which comes into effect at 23.00GMT on 31 December.

It has. The UK voted to leave the EU in 2016 and officially left the trading bloc - its nearest and biggest trading partner - on 31 January 2020.

However, both sides agreed to keep many things the same until 31 December 2020, to allow enough time to agree to the terms of a new trade deal.

It was a complex, sometimes bitter negotiation, but they finally agreed a deal on 24 December.

The deal contains new rules for how the UK and EU will live, work and trade together.

While the UK was in the EU, companies could buy and sell goods across EU borders without paying taxes and there were no limits on the amount of things which could be traded.

Under the terms of the deal, that won't change on 1 January, but to be sure that neither side has an unfair advantage, both sides had to agree to some shared rules and standards on workers' rights, as well as many social and environmental regulations. You can read more detail on other aspects of the deal, including more on travel, fishing, and financial services, here.

Freedom to work and live between the UK and the EU also comes to an end, and in 2021, UK nationals will need a visa if they want to stay in the EU more than 90 days in a 180-day period.

Northern Ireland will continue to follow many of the EU's rules in order to avoid a hardening of its border with the Republic of Ireland. This will mean however that new checks will be introduced on goods entering Northern Ireland from the rest of the UK.

Now that it's no longer in the EU, the UK is free to set its own trade policy and can negotiate deals with other countries. Talks are being held with the US, Australia and New Zealand - countries that currently don't have free trade deals with the EU.

There may not be new taxes to pay at the border, but there will be new paperwork, and the potential for it to cause delays is a serious concern.

"This is the biggest imposition of red tape that businesses have had to deal with in 50 years," according to William Bain from the British Retail Consortium.

The UK says it will delay making most checks for six months, to allow people to get used to the new system, but the EU will be checking paperwork and carrying out checks from day one. So if businesses are not prepared, or do not fill in the new paperwork correctly, it could cause delays and backlogs at ports like Dover.

The government has known about this for years, and has made plans to divert trade to other ports around the country and has built lorry parks in Kent, to avoid gridlock on the roads.

It's difficult to predict what the scale of any disruption might be, but government minister Michael Gove has said that UK businesses should prepare for some "bumpy moments".

Sadly, no. Decisions are still to be made on data sharing and on financial services, and the agreement on fishing only lasts five years.

Also while the UK and EU have agreed to some identical rules now, they don't have to be identical in the future, and if one side takes exception to the changes, they can trigger a dispute, which could ultimately lead to tariffs (charges on imports) being imposed on some goods in the future.

Expect the threat of disputes to be a new constant in UK-EU relations.

What Brexit words mean

The last few years have seen many words and phrases enter our lives. We haven't used them here, but politicians do use them. Here's what some of them mean:

Transition period: The 11-month period following the UK's exit from the EU (finishing at the end of 2020), during which time the UK has followed EU rules, to allow leaders to make a deal.

Free trade: Trade between two countries, where neither side charges taxes or duties on goods crossing borders.

Level playing field: A set of rules to ensure that one country, or group of countries, doesn't have an unfair advantage over another. This can involve areas such as workers' rights and environmental standards. Free trade agreements like the Brexit deal often include level playing field measures.

Tariff: A tax or duty to be paid on goods crossing borders.

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Brexit: What you need to know about the UK leaving the EU

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The UK and EU begin a new relationship on 1 January 2021.

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What are the consequences of the Brexit?

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By Mark Mardell
Presenter, The World This Weekend

Image source, Getty Images

How might Brexit change the existing landscape of British politics, and how might the main political parties position themselves?

With the thunderous explosions from the referendum vote still ringing in our ears, new battle lines in British politics are being drawn up.

Old alliances may crumble as new ones are forged.

This is not about the Westminster leadership elections. They are part of it, but only a part. Think of the players you see every day on the TV as the tip of the iceberg. The iceberg which sank the Titanic only did so because of the mass behind it, lurking underwater.

New movements are afoot, for the moment subterranean. Earnest meetings are being held in homes and offices and universities.

They may wither away. They may become a mass movement that re-define politics.

Politicians have been quick to declare that "we are all Brexiters now". Most political observers have judged this the sane position.

Maybe that is because they - we - are hard-headed realists who can see the political impossibility of betraying the 52%.

Maybe it's because we can't think outside a box constructed of party political logic, and haven't quite caught up with the depth of the new divides.

But it is certainly true we are in a different world now.

"Leave" and "Remain" are not so much old hat as the new tribes - the way we see ourselves and our country.

But the actual crux of the argument that will dominate the next few months, and probably years, is subtly different.

It is between hard and soft Brexit.

Image source, Getty Images

Image caption,
Theresa May has said the UK wants more than a "Brexit PM"

There will be quite literally thousands of details to negotiate, which will occupy civil servants, who'll have to be hastily recruited, for years. But the critical heart of the debate will between the worth of the single market and the need to curb immigration.

It's not a new thought to point out that the battle over the Corn Laws which tore the Conservative Party asunder in the 19th Century was about free trade versus nationalism. That is very bad for the Conservative Party.

Or perhaps it was about class interest, the emerging middle class against the old aristocracy - this time played out by a split between the old and left behind working class, and the middle class basking in the joys of globalisation. That is very bad for the Labour Party.

Both are worth remembering if we are thinking about realignment.

The "hard Brexiters" are those want to act quickly and be gone. They want to curb European migration as quickly as possible, using a points system. They don't much value being part of the single market, and point out that just about every nation in the world has "access" to it, without being a member.

You can call this the "Canada lite" model if you like.

"Soft Brexiters" want to take their time, and retain as close a relationship with the rest of the European Union as possible. They want access to the single market, and some sort of minor concession on free movement.

Perhaps, they muse, the EU would give us an emergency brake and annual quotas on both sides. Their priority is to avoid trade tariffs and secure a good deal for services, particularly financial services. That's "Norway plus".

Media caption,
Tony Blair: Country 'should express its views'

This doesn't mean the argument for another bash at it, a second referendum, is over. Those in the 48% who think the result illegitimate for one reason or another will still have their say. Tony Blair told me at the weekend that, "if the will of the people shifts, why shouldn't we recognise that?"

The Liberal Democrats see it as a chance to claw their way back to relevance. They see a big pool of potential voters willing to support them. They will fight the next election on a remain platform.

In the meantime they will harry the Brexiters like a guerrilla army - on the rights of EU citizens living in the UK one day, on the European arrest warrant the next.

Image source, Getty Images

Image caption,
Lib Dem leader Tim Farron has been at several anti-Brexit rallies since the referendum result

But as Prof Anand Menon writes in an article for Foreign Affairs, "The referendum was, in part, a political protest against a system that no longer adequately represents its people. Overturning the result, therefore, would simply make matters worse."

"One incident at a town hall event sticks in my mind," he recalls. "A couple of colleagues and I were in Newcastle, in the North East, discussing the fact that the vast majority of economists agreed that Brexit would lead to an economic slowdown.

"A 2% drop in the United Kingdom's GDP, I said, would dwarf any savings the country would make from curtailing its contribution to the EU budget. 'That's your bloody GDP,' came the shouted response, 'not ours'."

Those who want a second referendum should reflect on where sidelining those sort of voices could lead.

Image source, Reuters

Image caption,
Nicola Sturgeon has pledged to do all she can to protect Scotland's position in Europe

But I suspect the desire to re-run 23 June 2016 - be it in a referendum or a general election - will fade for a while, return, then hover in the background. It depends on how the negotiations go, how the economy performs.

It will be against the background of a fight between the new battalions.

"Hard Brexiters" are easy to define - about half of the of the Conservative Party, best represented at the moment by Andrea Leadsom, and all those voters who meant what they said when they voted "leave".

"Soft Brexiters" are more complex.

Perhaps the Labour Party - who knows? They are hobbled by the desire of many of their one-time voters for tight controls on immigration. Maybe the woman who currently looks in lead position to become the next Prime Minister, Theresa May?

I suspect the Lib Dems, when it comes down to voting in the commons, will vote for soft Brexit, while holding their noses.

The SNP want to stay. But this push snags on Catalonia. They may hold a second referendum on independence. But in the coming months I suspect they too will join the forces of "soft Brexit".

Image source, Getty Images

Image caption,
Jeremy Corbyn lost the support of the parliamentary Labour Party after the referendum

Also important are those getting their act together outside the Palace of Westminster - people in the City, big business, the creative industries.

There's a lot of networking going on. Perhaps not much more, for now, than friends of friends getting together with like-minded friends of friends.

One group wants a campaign to call a general election with a template letter to MPs arguing that a new government should be elected "with a mandate to address the concerns of the millions of people who voted Leave and the millions of people who voted Remain". They aren't absolutely clear what a manifesto would look like, but they are working on one.

There are nascent groupings of the discontented and worried, but no mass movement people can easily sign up to, and no leader. Perhaps neither are wanted or needed.

But it does make me reflect on the failed nature of leadership. There's a confusion between becoming a leader in politics - the need to count the votes and forge alliances - and actual leading.

Politicians as diverse as Tony Benn and Nigel Farage led their cause, not by formally winning a contest, but because of their eloquence and passion.

The mood and the debate outside parliament is important because hard/soft may be the new divide at the heart of the next Conservative government, one faction hitting the accelerator, the other pulling on the handbrake.

We are in the early days of new politics. The emails, private conversations and phone calls taking place right now may define the next battles, and what our relationship with the rest of the world looks like for years to come.

More on this story

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As the fall-out from the EU referendum vote continues, new battle lines in British politics are being drawn up.

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Analyse the movie, answer the questions

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Reading comprehension: a dystopian vision.

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In groups write a summary of the Brexit (when, why, where, who)

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How to describe charts and graphs (@Mark)

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How to describe charts and graphs (@Mark)

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