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It hurts my eyes to read through the Padlets. So I will just add the link to my factsheet.

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1. Context of rise to power: what was the crises

Germany realized they couldn’t win the war so they signed a truce.

The crisis of the depression of 1929, Central European banking crisis, imperial government collapsed and the anger towards the “loss” of ww1 is what eventually caused Hitler to rise to power

The imperial government collapsed which led to civil unrest and worker strikes throughout Germany after the war.

The parliamentary Weimar Republic was established to suppress uprisings in Germany, for  fear of a Communist revolution.

Germany's parliament was forced to lose over a tenth of its territory as well as dismantle their army and accept full responsibility for the war and pay reparations because of the peace treaty imposed by their allies

Nationalists and veterans believed that the war could’ve been won had the protesters and politicians not “betrayed” the army, which left them feeling humiliated.

2. Methods used to rise to power: force or legal

Hitler had extended his when he was in the position of Chancellor

Nazi storm troopers attacked Hitler’s opponents before he became Chancellor

A worker was tried for setting fire to a parliament building, and Hitler used this event to convince the government to grant him emergency powers and he used to to control the government and the Jews

Hitler had abolished the freedom of the press

President Hindenburg perished and Hitler made it so there would be no new election.

3. Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy

Hitler manipulated a lot of people

Hitler had a military faction comprised of children called Hitler youth

Hitler used people’s fears and emotions at the time to bend them to his will

He used the people of Germany’s hated and fear to power his dream

Hitler of controlled the opposition was by putting Jews and other minorities in concentration camps

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I wrote it on paper sorry guys.

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1.

Germany realized they couldn’t win the war so they signed a truce.

The imperial government collapsed which led to civil unrest and worker strikes throughout Germany.

The parliamentary Weimar Republic was established by major parties to suppress the uprisings in Germany, out of fear of a Communist revolution.

Germanys parliamentary Weimar Republic was forced to lose over a tenth of their territory as well as dismantle their army and accept full responsibility for the war and pay reparations because of the peace treaty imposed by their allies, which resulted in a collapse of their already weak economy.

Nationalists and veterans believed that the war could’ve been won had the protesters and politicians not “betrayed” the army, which left them feeling humiliated.

2.

Hitler became a chancellor, then steadily expanded the power one holds

1933 a young worker was convicted of setting fire to a parliament building, and Hitler used this event to convince the government to grant him emergency powers

Within a matter of months, Hitler abolished the freedom of the press, and other parties were disbanded

August 1934: President Hindenburg died, and Hitler made it clear there would be no new election.

3.

Hitler used a lot of manipulation

Played on people’s fears and emotions at the time

He used the people of Germany’s hate and fear against them

He played the waiting game and took it slow, gaining people’s trust along the way only for it all to be a lie.

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1. Context of rise to power: what was the crises

Cuba won against the spanish with the aid of the USA, It was controlled by the USA, “The living conditions for workers were precarious. Wages were low, housing was limited and access to health and education not available to all. Few rural areas possessed running water or electricity. Illiteracy was widespread, reaching 50 per cent in certain parts of the countryside. Sugar workers were seasonal; this meant there were months when they did not have steady employment. The ownership of land and of the sugar mills was largely concentrated in the hands of the upper class and foreign companies.” Basically they were struggling to keep balance since their economy was dependent on cuban sugar and other trade.

1. Methods used to rise to power: force or legal

Legal:  “He was an outstanding orator, who had an exceptional memory for everything he read and heard; he was also a fine athlete. All of these factors helped him gain popularity and support within the party.”

1. Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy

July Movement, The Moncada Assault, The Granma Expedition, etc. Fidel cared about the people and was very persuasive for the cuban people.

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-Samantha
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1d3wCPCbl3YcPttXwLpg58RZt0_XntBosgEelSyj339w/edit?usp=sharing

1)

Context of rise to power: what was the crises

The Great Depression

the stock market in the U.S crashed in 1929

(the value of the savings citizens had in the stock market lost their worth)

this spread to the rest of the world due to international trading struggles

unemployment

poverty

Financial crisis

Central European banking crisis

hyperinflation - money was cheaper than the paper it was printed on

Leadership crisis

imperial government collapsed

major parties joined to stop the uprising of communism

Germany lost WW1

Germany realized the war was unwinnable

civil unrest

worker strikes

1/10 of territory lost

army dismantled

Germany was forced to accept full responsibility for the war

Germany had to pay the reparations

economy weakened further

humiliated nationalists and veterans

citizens were enraged

2)

Methods used to rise to power: force or legal

the nationalists and veterans believed the war could have been won

if it wasn’t for protestors and politicians

Hitler used their anger to fuel them to follow his orders

he blamed the Jews for the state of Germany

anti-semitic people resonated with his words (SS, Einzaze groupe, )

Jewish success led these people to accuse the Jews of profiting due to the war

the conspiracies created by hitler and his crowd were made from fear, anger, and bigotry (the inability to consider or accept opposing opinions) NOT fact.

Hitler’s manipulation commenced his leadership

anti-semitism (discrimination against Jewish people) + populist resentment

depicted communism + capitalism as Jewish schemes to ruin Germany

SS, Einzaze group, Wermacht, etc.

when the great depression hit

Hitler took advantage of this by promising the people of Germany that he would fix everything

he offered the people convenient solutions

mainstream parties couldn’t handle the crisis

some of the public joined the Nazis

Hitler lost the election to General von Hindenburg

Hindenburg recruited Hitler as Chancellor

Hitler took advantage of this position

Hitler’s supporters formed paramilitary groups (unofficial combat groups)

they fought protestors in the streets

a young worker set fire to the parliament building

Hitler was granted emergency powers

freedom of press was abolished

all other parties were broken up

anti-jewish laws were established

3)

Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy

he raised fears of a communist uprising

claimed that only he could stop it

Hitler used the fear and anger of the people in order to guide them to follow him through extreme measures.

his charisma and his speech-giving skills are what caused so many people to fall victim to his words and radical ideals.

strong propaganda

purged all other political parties

entire country controlled by the military

no elections

Jewish concentration camps

purged Jews in the streets

Hitlerjugend (Hitler Youth) -conscripted children into the army

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gmbgRU0SY1zxnuqYVA_SFtoL41Hd1FfAq4Bgg8NCIb8/edit?usp=sharing

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Francisco Franco, Spain, July 17th 1931 Coup “Generals’ Uprising”:

1. Context of Rise to Power:

Because of the Spanish Civil War (that lasted from 1936 - 1939)

Spain was in its second republic (after the fall of the monarchy in 1931), and the war was between the Leftist Popular Front or Republicans  (anti - religion, soviet sympathizers, and communists)  and Rightist National Bloc or the Nationalists (anti - communists, pro - religious and monarchy)

The Leftists were similar to Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (and were actually supported by them later on when Franco was involved in the war)

2.  Methods used to rise to power:

Francisco Franco, brigadier general of the Spanish army in 1936 was exiled to the Canary Islands after asking the government to grant his appeal of declaring a state of emergency

He wasn’t in a political party before the war, but when the system dissolved he became part of the rebel army (the Nationalists), and returned to Spain after procuring an protectorate and army in Morocco

When he and the rebel army reached Madrid (which housed the government), he became the head of the rebel Nationalist Regime in October 1st, 1936 (because of his political record, military ability, and getting military assistance from Italy and Germany)

While he was commander in chief he was a prudent and systematic leader (with the one flaw of having an unimaginative campaign)

The Nationalists fully took control of the government on April 1st, 1939, and Franco became its new leader (or Caudillo)

3.  Methods used to maintain power:

During the first years of his reign, Spain’s economy was more or less in ruins (because of destruction from the war, skilled labor losss, droughts, and Franco’s policies of Autarky: self - sufficient economy through state control, and and industrialization with a protected national income)

There was brutal repression against the opposition of Franco’s regime (which included student protests, strikes, and against the Communist and moderate parties situated in Spain)

He allowed to let the Church stick around (because he was raised as a Roman Catholic), and they were to control Spain’s education

Francisco Franco stayed as Spain’s Caudillo until his death in November 20th, 1975, when the country soon transitioned into a democratic system (because of his successor Juan Carlos, grandson of Alfonso the thirteenth since he didn’t have a successor, this wasn’t a continuation of his regime)

Sources:

Payne, Stanley G. "Francisco Franco Ruler of Spain." Britannica.com,

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Jan. 2020, www.britannica.com/biography/

Francisco-Franco. Accessed 12 Nov. 2020.

"Francisco Franco and the Spanish Civil War." Youtube.com, uploaded by Khan

Academy, Youtube, 24 June 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYke_R9_ar8.

Accessed 12 Nov. 2020.

'Callaghan, Joseph F. O. "Franco's Spain, 1939–75." Britannica.com,

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 8 Nov. 2020, www.britannica.com/biography/

Francisco-Franco. Accessed 12 Nov. 2020.

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Context of rising to power: what was the crises
The book, Ataturk: The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey states that Mustafa Kemal came to the publics’ eye with his role in achieving the Ottoman Turkish victory at the Battle of Gallipoli (1915) during World War I.
Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in WWI, he led the Turkish National Movement, which resisted mainland Turkey's partition among the Allied powers.
He was an army officer/most successful general officer of the empire in World War I, fighting in Gallipoli, who later founded the independent Republic of Turkey out of the Ottoman Empire’s ruins ("Military Career").
Ottoman Empire was in a critical state before the defeat in WWI. The mighty empire had lost almost all of its territory in Europe and Africa.
Sultan was giving in to the Allied Powers since he was pretty much hopeless. Allied powers took so much of our land and divided our cities into pieces, making Constantinople an international zone shared within them.
“You, the sons and daughters, the future of Turkiye, even under such circumstances and conditions, your duty is to save the Turkish Independence and the Republic, you will find the power you need in the noble blood in your veins.” - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

Methods used to rise to power: force or legal.
Legal! Being perceived as the savior of the Turks AND the father of the Turks, Ataturk revolted against the Sultan (last Sultan of Ottomans), who was to sign the Treaty of Sevres; in the hopes of keeping his crown.
Treaty of Sevres was between the Allies of WWI, agreeing to give large parts of the Ottoman territory to France, UK, Greece, etc.
Kemal disagreed, realizing his government was oppressed by foreign nations and not fighting back against them (Itzkowitz).
“This nation has never lived without independence. We cannot and shall not live without it. Either independence or death.” - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
This resulted in him causing his own resistance, fighting to keep the land through military power usage.
Later on, Turkey split into two governments: the Sultans government in Istanbul and Kemal’s government in Ankara.
On April 23, 1920, the Grand National Assembly had gathered electing Mustafa Kemal as a president/chairmen ("Military Career").
Mustafa Kemal was extensively familiar with the Arab Revolt and British involvement. This gave Mustafa Kemal considerable authority among the revolutionaries.
“He prevented the spread into Turkey of the totalitarian party rule which held sway in the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy. Some perceived his opposition and silencing of these ideologies as a means of eliminating competition; others believed it was necessary to protect the young Turkish state from succumbing to the instability of new ideologies and competing factions.”
When the Ottoman Empire came to an end after the war, Atatürk organized a nationalist movement that created the new, secular Republic of Turkey. This meant that hereditary or religious leaders no longer led the country’s government.

Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy.
Kemal used opposition to spread the ideology that all parties should think and act the same way.
Kemal is also known to use propaganda to spread his belief on why Ottomanism and the Sultan’s government were corrupt and wrong for the Turks.
Kemal also used propaganda to spread his ideology on why having a government (sultan) too religious was inadequate and wrong. Some Turkish sources claim he was a Muslim. However, according to other sources, Atatürk himself was an agnostic, i.e., non-doctrinaire deist, or even an atheist, antireligious.
Kemal is also seen to be using propaganda to spread his belief that a woman was powerful and always on top. He believed that they needed equal respect given towards the men since females have made many considerate responses in support of the brave man in war. “Everything we see in the world is the creative work of a woman.”

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Adolf Hitler

Context of rising to power

1929 wall street crash, brought a global economical crash around the world. The United States of America was bound to bring in foreign loans from Germany. These loans helped Germany pay for war reparations

Without the loans, the German economy collapsed and thus began the great depression.

Unemployment significantly increased in Germany up to 20 percent

Due to the economic crash in Germany, the Weimar republic believed that printing money more notes would help them pay the allies money faster.

Printing more notes backfired, printing more notes caused the value of the money to decrease.

Methods used to rise to power

Hitler used legal methods to gain power

After Paul van Hindenberg won the presidential election in germany, Hitler did not win but he did have 36.7% of the vote, he had many supporters.

Due to this popularity, Paul van Hindenberg with the influence of business men and other politicians believed that making hitler chancellor would help them gain supporters

After Hindenberg died, hitler claimed the position of President, chancellor and head of the army. This gave him absolute power over the country.

Methods used to maintain Power

Intimidation and Terror - Hitlers main tactic was building fear and being intimidating

The gestapo( German police) was given the right to arrest anybody and throw them into jail without any reason.

He would use the schutzstaffel to harass or imprison anyone that was a possible enemy or an opposition

In 1933 the nazis imprisoned almost 200,000 people. This crowded the prisons and eventually there were no more space left to imprison more people.

Thus they created something called ‘camps’

People were arrested and sent to camps, where they would torture and abuse people

Works Cited

Bullock, Alan, editor. "Adolf Hitler." Britannica, 20 July 1998, www.britannica.com/biography/Adolf-Hitler/additional-info#contributors. Accessed 16 Nov. 2020.

"Hitler into Power, 1929-1934." BBC.co.uk, www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zwmdfrd/revision/1. Accessed 16 Nov. 2020.

"How Did the Nazi Consolidate Their Power?" The Holocaust Explained, www.theholocaustexplained.org/the-nazi-rise-to-power/how-did-the-nazi-gain-power/. Accessed 16 Nov. 2020.

Tim, Sunny. "How Did Hitler Keep Control of Nazi Germanyh." BBC, 20 Apr. 2005, www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/39/a3921239.shtml#:~:text=by%20sunnytim&text=The%20first%20method%20of%20keeping,He%20also%20used%20the%20S.S.

"Weimar Republic." History, A&E Television Networks, 4 Dec. 2017, www.history.com/topics/germany/weimar-republic#section_3. Accessed 16 Nov. 2020.

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Context of rise to power: what was the crises
 
Kim il-sung was a member of one of the independence movements party. His party was absorbed to Soviet Union’s military then they worked for them. As he worked, he gained confidence from several superiors.
 
Soviet Union selected Kim il-sung as a leader of a satellite country on the northern territory of Korean peninsula which was North Korea. One of his superiors proposed him to Stalin. 
 
The Japanese Empire surrendered in WW2. They retreated in their whole colony including Korea peninsula.  
 
 
 
Methods used to rise to power: force or legal 
 
Stalin chose Kim il-sung for the leader of North Korea to establish their satellite nations on Korean Peninsula. So, it means Kim il-sung had power and aids from Stalin. 
 
He started eliminate his opposite people who tried to establish new nations instead of Kim il-sung with Soviet Union
 
Although after establishing North Korea, in 1956 by the August Faction incident, he executed or put into prison senior executives against his regime. Then he could reinforce his dictatorship/regime. 
 
         3. Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority            groups, propaganda, domestic policy
 
They had public execution when they detected behavior/clue against him. Those actions create a sense of fear to hidden people against Kim. So that, the treatment of the opposition of the Kim family is strict, treat cruelly
 
For the propaganda, it is also strict and the context of the poster mainly praises their leader, the Kim family (Whole member). In addition, they teach the youth with distorted history which is centering on Kim il-sung such as a hero for them. They brainwashed the crowd, the military their leader is the greatest people in the world.
 
Kim Jong-un dictates everything in North Korea. It can say that every policy is operated by the Kim family’s order. But their policy is so closed.
 

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There were several civil wars in China between the  Kuomintang (KMT) and the  Communist Party of China (CPC)

During the civil war, Mao came to the aid of the Peasants and founded the “Chinese Workers',” and the “Peasants' Red Army,” more oftently reffered to as the “Red Army”

He had always had anti-imperial and Chinese Nationalist ideologies. Along his ideologies, he was heavily influenced by the May Fourth Movement and the Xinhai Revolution

The citizens of China, and especially Mao, were never very fond of the government and how China was being run as the previous forms of government consisted of Imperial Dynasties for thousands of years, and as soon as it’s control was set free, it was given to many factions and groups that were more concerned with political power and regional armies than national interest

Spheres of influence from Russia’s Revolution, Korea’s Revolution, and others, all motivated the citizens of China more and more to create equality amongst the people, and essentially, a republic

The middle class, peasants, and working class were fed up of how they had been treated and lived for so long that their desire for change motivated them to work with Mao. The citizens wanted power, a voice, a choice in what is done with their nation

Mao persuaded the citizens that he would give them a voice and power as he had created the “Little Red Army,” “People’s Republic of China (PRC),” etc. These opportunities and reform in the government system gave citizens the feeling that they had a voice for once and felt useful, even though that was not necessarily the case, as the PRC was a single party state controlled by the CPC (Communist Party of China)

His rise to power consisted of silencing enemies of the state, creating strong nationalism, and turning the people against themselves, so that they could not become strong. A clear example of this is the “Little Red Army,” which consisted of a lot of children and teenagers that carried out Mao’s deeds for him. They acted sort of like a militia (Personal Military) as well as servants or workers for him

Examples of what the Little Red Army would do are burning down libraries, destroying old documents, punishing protesters and sometimes killing some, reporting to the state if anyone spoke of or possesed anything that opposed the state.

Chairman Mao had a clear slogan and idealogy that he imposed among the people, which is reffered to as “The 4 olds” (“old ideas, old cultures, old customs, and old habits, that is has said to been fostered by the exploitative rich to poison the minds of the people” - All That’s Interesting)

Anyone that possessed any of the 4 olds would be heavily punished or even killed, on top of burning and destroying those possessions.

Fun Fact: 1.5 million people died during the Cultural Revolution in China, and it lasted about 10 years - All That’s Interesting

Notes from the Video I made last year (Communist Revolution iMovie)

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1. Context of rising to power: what was the crises

The reasons why Perón came to power are related to the social, political, and economic structures of Argentina.

Juan Perón is best known as the first political figure to address effectively the many problems of the working class

the outbreak of World War II and its impact on Argentina;

the action of a military secret society, the Grupo de Oficiales Unidos (GOU; United Officers’ Group)

2. Methods used to rise to power: force or legal

The methods used for the rise to power were legal he was elected by the people of Argentina

3. Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy

As soon as he came to power, Peron made it clear that he wished to improve the social and political status of women

Education was under state control

Peronist propaganda aimed to illustrate the successes of the regime and reinforce Peronist values among the population.

The radio – to which the opposition had restricted access – transmitted Perón’s speeches and recounted his official events on an almost daily basis

He would restrict what the opposition could do in the country.

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Karolos History organizational fact sheet

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Karolos History organizational fact sheet

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1. Context of rise to power: what was the crises

In 1968, Saddam participated in a bloodless but successful Ba'athist coup that resulted in Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr becoming Iraq's president and Saddam his deputy. After the people saw that he was a bad president Saddam took his place.

2. Methods used to rise to power: force or legal

Saddam proved himself to be an effective and progressive politician, albeit a decidedly ruthless one.

3. Methods used to maintain power: treatment of opposition, treatment of minority groups, propaganda, domestic policy

Hussein's most widespread investments were in his military. He ended the Iran-Iraq war with one million men underarms. By then Iraq had embarked on extensive projects to acquire a homegrown arsenal of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons.