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1. ELA: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.6.6 Use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing as well as to interact and collaborate with others; demonstrate sufficient command of keyboarding skills to type a minimum of three pages in a single sitting.

Students will be placed into groups. Each student will be assigned people, an event, or place (from this padlet). Each student must write one page. Technology will be provided to research the topic further.

2. MATH: 6.MD.A Describe and compare measurable attributes of objects, such as length or weight. Describe several measurable attributes of a single object.

Students will use measurements of the colosseum and compare/calculate it to the length of a football field.

3. SCIENCE: 6-ESS1-1
Use information from several sources to provide evidence that earth events can occur quickly or slowly.

Students will use information from several different sources to provide evidence that the bubonic plague spread quickly throughout ancient Europe.

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1. "Why did the people choose to fight in the Crusades?"

2. "What did the Crusades have to do with perceived rights and responsibilities?"

3. "What difference did it make what church you belong to?"

4. "How did the bubonic plague change Europe?"

5. "Can 'the people' be trusted to rule?"

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With social studies occurring once a week (Tuesdays) the three learning targets will be taught within 3 weeks.

1st week - Event
2nd week - Place
3rd week - People

On 3rd week the math lesson (Tuesday), ela lesson (Tuesday), and science lesson (Monday) will be taught.

Assessment on the 4th week during social studies class.

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Objective #1: I will learn about an important event that occurred during the ancient Europe timeline.

Objective #2: I will learn about an important place that had an impact on the ancient Europe timeline.

Objective #3: I will learn about important people who had an impact on the ancient Europe timeline.

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Kahoot assessment to provide information about what was learned and what was not learned. Assessment to be provided after finishing the unit. It will test all three learning targets (event, people, place).

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SMART Measurable Rubric (ELA Target Lesson).

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SMART Measurable Rubric (ELA Target Lesson).

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Bubonic Plague (Black Death) Interesting Video

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Bubonic Plague (Black Death) Interesting Video

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Information taken from: Source below

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Secrets of the Black Death - by Nature Video

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The Bubonic Plague (black death) was caused by exposure to bacteria. One to seven days after exposure flu like symptoms would start to develop: fever, headaches, vomiting. 25 million people died. The picture beside is of doctors who treated people with the illness.

Picture taken from: Padlet

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Picture taken from: Padlet

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Information taken from: Source below

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Gladiators, animal hunts, and executions: learn about the Colosseum, a monumental gift to the Roman people.

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The Colosseum was a amphitheater located in the center of Italy. It still stands as the largest theater in the world. It was ordered to be built by an emperor specifically to entertain his people. Animal hunts and gladiator fights were just some of the events that took place at the theatre.

Picture taken from: Padlet

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Information taken from: Source below

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Intro: A marvel of engineering that proclaimed the might of the Emperor of Ancient Rome. The Emperor Titus opened the enormous Colosseum in AD 80 to host 100 days of games, and it will astound readers to learn what the ancient Romans found entertaining. Over 50,000 screaming fans watched gladiators battling each other to the death, men fighting exotic wild beasts, and even mock sea battles with warships floating on an arena floor flooded with water. By AD 476 the Roman Empire had fallen, and yet the ruins of the Colosseum remain a world-famous landmark of an unforgettable time.

Information taken from: Amazon.com

Link: https://www.amazon.com/Where-Colosseum-Jim-OConnor/dp/039954190X/ref=asc_df_039954190X/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=312089887152&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=8237620756983078708&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9024732&hvtargid=pla-450257261448&psc=1

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The crusaders were people (knights, peasants, commoners) who participated in any of the military expeditions undertaken by Christian powers in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to win the Holy Land from the Muslims. Crusades saw the army as a way to get rich and try out their fighting skills, while others saw it as a way into heaven. Crusaders participated in battles to the death. Their symbol was a red cross. They wore it on their clothing, banners, and flags.

Picture taken from: Padlet

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Information taken from: Source below

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The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History

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The First Crusade
Most historians consider the sermon preached by Pope Urban II at Clermont-Ferrand in November 1095 to have been the spark that fueled a wave of military campaigns to wrest the Holy Land from Muslim control. Considered at the time to be divinely sanctioned, these campaigns, involving often ruthless battles, are known as the Crusades. At their core was a desire for access to shrines associated with the life and ministry of Jesus, above all the Holy Sepulcher, the church in Jerusalem said to contain the tomb of Christ ( 2005.100.373.100). Absolution from sin and eternal glory were promised to the Crusaders, who also hoped to gain land and wealth in the East. Nobles and peasants responded in great number to the call and marched across Europe to Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine empire. With the support of the Byzantine emperor, the knights, guided by Armenian Christians ( 57.185.3), tenuously marched to Jerusalem through Seljuq-controlled territories in modern Turkey and Syria. In June 1099, the Crusaders began a five-week siege of Jerusalem, which fell on July 15, 1099 ( 92.1.15). Eyewitness accounts attest to the terror of battle. Ralph of Caen, watching the city from the Mount of Olives, saw "the scurrying people, the fortified towers, the roused garrison, the men rushing to arms, the women in tears, the priests turned to their prayers, the streets ringing with cries, crashing, clanging and neighing."

The Crusaders took over many of the cities on the Mediterranean coast and built a large number of fortified castles across the Holy Land to protect their newly established territories ( 28.99.1), while also establishing churches loyal to Rome. For the Crusaders, the Dome of the Rock was the Temple of Solomon; the Aqsa mosque was converted to use as a palace and stables.

The Latin kingdom of Jerusalem established by the Crusaders boasted fifteen cathedral churches. The Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, for example, became the seat of a Western Christian bishop in 1110 ( 1988.1174.9).

Artists from different traditions met in the city of Jerusalem, with, for example, Syrian goldworkers on the right of the market near the Holy Sepulcher, and Latin goldworkers on the left (Conder 1896). Indeed, metalwork from this period sometimes combines an Islamic aesthetic with Christian subject matter ( 1971.39a,b). Some pieces even bear an inscription indicating that they were made by an Islamic goldsmith for a Christian. Precious works of art fashioned for the churches of Europe celebrated their links to the Holy Land ( 2002.18; Toulouse Cathedral Limoges Reliquary).

Second and Third Crusade
In 1147-49, the Second Crusade, championed by the Cistercian abbot Bernard of Clairvaux ( 1975.1.70b), attempted to take Damascus in Syria. The campaign was a dismal failure because the Muslims had regrouped. Led by Salah al-Din (Saladin), Muslim forces advanced across Syria and finally retook Jerusalem in October 1187. Saladin was credited by his personal secretary with allowing the Patriarch of Jerusalem to leave the city with the church's treasure, explaining: "If we make excuses [to confiscate this wealth] they [the Franks] will accuse us of treachery ... let us not make them accuse people of faith of breaking their oaths. Let them go. They will talk about our benevolence" (Mohamed el-Moctar, in Paul and Yaeger, 2012, p. 209).

Entering the city, a vizier of Saladin marveled at how the Crusaders had beautified Jerusalem: "the care of the unbelievers had transformed [it] into a Paradise garden ... those accursed ones defended with the lance and sword this city, which they had rebuilt with columns and slabs of marble [ 2005.100.373.86], where they had founded churches and the palaces of the Templars and the hospitallers ... One sees on every side houses as pleasant as their gardens and bright with white marble and columns decorated with leaves, which make them look like living trees" (quoting Kadi el-Fadel in Hamilton, 1979).

By the end of the Third Crusade (1189-92), Crusader forces had gained Cyprus and the coastal city of Acre. Saladin guaranteed access to Jerusalem to European pilgrims and welcomed Jews back to the city as well.

The chronicle of the Spanish-born Ibn Jubayr, who traveled to Mecca from 1183 to 1185, speaks of the ease of trade in the Holy Land, even in times of military hostilities: "the Muslims continuously journeyed from Damascus to Acre (through Frankish territory), and likewise not one of the Christian merchants was stopped and hindered (in Muslim territories) ... The soldiers engage themselves in their war, while the people are at peace" (as cited in Paul and Yaeger, 2012, p. 34).

The Fourth Crusade
With each crusade, relations between the Byzantines and the Western forces became more estranged. The Fourth Crusade set out in 1202 with Egypt as its goal. After choosing sides in a dynastic dispute in Byzantium, however, the Crusaders turned their siege upon Byzantium's capital, Constantinople, to collect an enormous sum of money that had been promised for their support. The city was sacked in 1204, its rich treasures divided between the Venetians (the lion's share of which remains in the Treasury of San Marco, Venice), the French, and other Crusaders. The Latin Empire of Constantinople was established with Baldwin of Flanders as emperor. In 1261, the Byzantines regained the city.

Later Crusades
Successive crusades were launched to the Holy Land. The knight Jean d'Alluye traveled to the Holy Land around 1240, but the circumstances of his voyage are not known ( 25.120.201).

The Seventh and Eighth Crusades, in 1248 ( 38.60) and 1270, were sponsored by Louis IX, who died in Tunisia ( 54.1.2; 37.173.3). In 1271, Sultan Baibars captured Montfort Castle ( 28.99.1), and in 1291, the Crusader city of Acre fell, ending the era of Latin Crusader kingdoms. Calls for new crusades over the next centuries were increasingly ignored, despite the renown in which Crusaders and the Holy Land were held in legend ( 1993.65.4; 23.21.4; 25.120.528; 25.120.529; 54.1.1; Belles Heures Heraclius leaf, folio 156).

Department of Medieval Art and The Cloisters. "The Crusades (1095-1291)." In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000-. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/crus/hd_crus.htm (originally published October 2001, last revised February 2014)

Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton. Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study. London: World of Islam Festival Trust, 1987.

Conder, Claude R., trans. "The City of Jerusalem." Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society 6 (1896).

Dandridge, Pete and Mark Wypyski. "Sword and Dagger Pommels Associated with the Crusades, Part II: A Technical Study." Metropolitan Museum Journal 46 (2011), pp. 145-51.

Folda, Jaroslav. The Art of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, 1098-1187. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Folda, Jaroslav. Crusader Art in the Holy Land: From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre, 1187-1291. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

Goss, Vladimir P., ed. The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 1986.

Grabar, Oleg, and Benjamin Z. Kedar eds. Where Heaven and Earth Meet: Jerusalem's Sacred Esplanade. Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi Press, 2009.

Hamilton, Bernard. Monastic Reform, Catharism, and the Crusades. London: Valorium Reprints, 1979.

Hillenbrandt, Carole. The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1999.

La Rocca, Donald J. "Sword and Dagger Pommels Associated with the Crusades, Part I," Metropolitan Museum Journal 46 (2012), pp. 133-44.

Paul, Nicholas, and Suzanne Yeager, eds. Remembering the Crusades: Myth, Image, and Identity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.

Prawer, Joshua. The History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988.

Rozenberg, Silvia, ed. Knights of the Holy Land: The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Exhibition catalogue. Jerusalem: Israel Museum, 1999.

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Authors: Department of Medieval Art and The Cloisters

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The Crusades (1095-1291) | Essay | The Metropolitan Museum of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History

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The Crusaders then took over many of the cities on the Mediterranean coast and built a large number of fortified castles all over the Holy Land to protect their new territories.

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Ideas/Goals for the unit on European Civilization:

"I can name events that occurred during the european ancient civilization period."

"I can name important people that lived during the european ancient civilization period."

"I can name important places that that stood during the european ancient civilization period."