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any kind of assessment approach other than conventional standardized tests, inventories, and instruments
ex: journaling, skits, group projects, or student-created visuals

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focused, short, narrative accounts of a specific event; used to document behaviors/skills of a child
ex: I observed Jenny today and documented my observation in the form of an anecdotal record.

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any type of appraisal of young children - information from multiple indicators and sources of evidence
ex: an assessment was used in the classroom yesterday to see the child's progress on an objective

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assessment type that uses tasks as close as possible to the real-life practical and intellectual challenges
ex: As Billy was playing with his toys, I asked him to count how many there were as a form of authentic assessment.

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a point of reference for measurement and evaluation, used especially in connection with content standards
ex: a benchmark may state that "by the end of second grade, children should be able too.."

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a test, process, procedure, result, use of result, or any other aspect of assessment that unfairly discriminates against one individual or group in favor of another
ex: The test today was about the video game Roblox even though some of the students have never played this game before.

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practical, versatile way to document many behaviors, skills, attitudes, and dispositions
ex: At the beginning of the year, I used a checklist to see where each of the children in my class are in each domain.

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a range of values so defined that there is a specified probability that the value of a parameter lies within it
ex: looking at the confidence interval can include a range of scores to show that the test was accurate

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tests and assessments that are designed to measure student performance against a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning standards
ex: GOLD Assessment Tool

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type of criterion-referenced assessment in which the objectives of the curriculum are the criteria against which children's performances are evaluated
ex: the teacher created an assessment for math class that was directly focused on two standards.

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assessment in which adults give clues, leads, and hints, ask questions or pose problems to see what the person being assessed can do, both with and without assistance
ex: Bella took a dynastic assessment today where scaffolding was used as needed

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the establishment of specific values by which to judge whatever is being considered
ex: the teacher evaluated the student's work in order to see what next steps needed to take place

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providing all children with equal opportunity to demonstrate the skills and knowledge being assessed
ex: As children share out what they did over the weekend, I keep track of how has had a turn to make sure everyone is given an opportunity.

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appraisal that provides necessary information to facilitate children's progress toward identified child outcomes
ex: At the end of the lesson today, I asked everyone to tell me one thing they learned as a form of formative assessment.

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tallies each time a behavior occurs and documents the number of times or rate of occurrence
ex: David kept interrupting during story time, so I used a frequency count to see how often this behavior is really occurring.

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any test that is a single, defined assessment that has a clear line drawn between those who pass and those who fail, and has direct consequences for passing or failing
ex: many states use high-stakes assessments that teachers have to spend time preparing their children for.

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implies the use of non-standardized procedures, flexible schedules, and is not used to determine a student's grade - casual manner and used to make decisions about what to tech
ex: observation, portfolio assessment, rubrics, checklists, self-evaluation

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evidence that documents children's attainment of a specific level of a benchmark or student
ex: the indicator on a specific reading standard for Olivia showed me that more instruction may be needed to keep moving her forward

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purposeful sequencing of teaching and learning expectations across multiple developmental stages, ages, or grade levels
ex: In order to ensure DAP, learning progression allows teachers to sequence what they teach next

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standardized tests that are designed to compare and rank test takers in relation to one another
ex: I can use this type of assessment in my class to create leveled reading groups or compare where children are at right now to one another.

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determining what children know and can do by appraising how they perform tasks designed to directly reveal that information
ex: I asked John to pick up a pencil and spell his name which revealed a lot of information about his cognitive and fine motor skills

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the percentage of scores in its frequency distribution that are equal to or lower than it
ex: percentile rank can be used to describe comparison of scores in a class

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state how well a child should demonstrate knowledge and skills - gauge the degree to which children have met the content standard
ex: I used the performance standards in order to understand where each of my children are on each standard

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ranking an individual along a predetermined continuum from low to high frequency or quality
ex: advanced, proficient, partially proficient, needs development

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an individual's actual achievement score score on a test before being adjusted for relative position in the test group
ex: a raw score is used to show how many correct answers the child got on the assessment (80 correct out of 100 is 80%)

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the extent to which any assessment technique yields accurate and consistent results over time
ex: It is essential when creating or choosing an assessment, reliability is ensure before administering

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a process to screen, assess, identify, plan, and provide intervention to any student at risk of school failure - involves systematic monitoring of student progress and modification of instruction in response to the results
ex: It is important to monitor progress students are making when changed or intervention strategies are put in place

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a rule or guide presenting clear criteria by which a complex performance can be judged
ex: a rubric is used alongside any form of assessment to ensure students are meeting the correct wants of the teacher

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used to determine if students have met specific learning goals; it is used to determine if schools, teachers, and students are meeting those standards
ex: kindergarten readiness tests can be used to objectively look at the specific standards schools want children to master before a certain age.

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a prescribed procedure to be followed routinely for the performance of designated operations
ex: In a special education classroom, there are posters around the classroom to help guide children through standard procedures like washing their hands.

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the standard deviation of error of measurement in a test or experiment; indicates the amount of variability in a test administered
ex: this can be used to help compare test results from the mean.

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a test that is administered and scored in a consistent or "standard" manner
ex: I used a standardized test in my preschool classroom in order to see where my children are at developmentally for their age.

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an evaluation that takes place at the end of a unit, course of study, year, or unit of schooling, and determines the degree of children's attainment of objectives - results are offend used for reporting to others
ex: at the end of the entire unit, I had students create a project to show the knowledge they learned throughout the entire unit.

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the individual's score on a measure if there was no error
ex: a true score emphasizes that there is some error in assessments

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the extent to which any assessment technique fulfills the purpose for which it is intended
ex: when I gave the assessment, I realized many students did not have the language needed for it yet, which was making their results of the initial purpose invalid.