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Group 5b Equine Powerpoint Feedback to Group 4b (1)

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2nd Year Anatomy Feedback

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Equine Powerpoint

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Ruminant Powerpoint

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If the neurological deficits are on the left and the dog is circling to the right, what side would the lesion be on?

What cranial nerves are involved in the palpebral response?

Give two reasons why you believe this is a neurological case and not an orthopedic case.

What are the two classifications of seizures? (Bonus - can you give an example of each?)

You can find the answers on the infographic or by reading our case material! :)

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Seizures can be cause by primary disease such as idiopathic epilepsy, or seizures can be classified as reactive or secondary to an underlying primary disease. When approaching a clinical case where an animal is presenting with seizures you need to choose diagnostics to rule out secondary or reactive causes. An animal can only be diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy if no other primary cause can be found. An example of a reactive seizure is in response to hepatic encephalopathy due to primary liver disease.

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It it important to take into account previous and current treatments the animal is being given. In Baxter's case he is being given phenobarbitone- we need to recognise that phenobarbitone can cause an increase in serum liver enzymes (side-effect) and it can be hard to differentiate between an increase in liver enzymes due to liver damage/disease or if it is a drug induced elevation.

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Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests and Management Plan from Google Drive

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SA Case 8 - Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests and Management Plan

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Clinical Deterioration Document from Google Drive

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Diagnostic Approach Document from Google Drive

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Neurolocalisation Document from Google Drive

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Case Checklist from Google Drive

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Our completed infographic!

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Baxter Keogh 12-year-old MN Labrador (1)

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Baxter Keogh
12-year-old MN Labrador
Chief complaint: generalized seizures

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When approaching a clinical case with an animal presenting with seizures, it is important that your differential list considers both primary and secondary (reactive) conditions which result in seizures.

- Paroxysmal syndrome.
- Cerebral syndrome (less likely, as Baxter demonstrates normal behavior between seizures).
- Idiopathic epilepsy (Unlikely as Baxter is not 6 months-6 years old)
-Hepatic Encephalopathy (Liver disease)
-Neoplasia- (presence of neoplastic mass in CNS- meningioma, lymphoma, histiocytic sarcoma...)
-Hypothyroidsim
-Trauma to CNS- resulting in haemorrhage and oedema
-Abscessation (brain)
-Inflammatory process in the brain -viral, bacterial?
-Otitis media?