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Avoiding the future doesn’t provide protection from adversity in life.

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Holden realizes that despite trying to hide from his future, he's affected no matter what. Once he realizes this, he can truly experience and enjoy his life.

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Giving his hunting hat to Phoebe signifies that Holden is leaving his past behind. Previously, the hat serves as a symbol for Holden of something constant in his life, much like Jane. When he passes it on, he's letting go in hopes of not having memories of the past when he moves on.

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"My hunting hat really gave me quite a lot of protection, in a way, but I got soaked anyway. I didn't care though. I felt so damn happy all of a sudden, the way old Phoebe kept going around and around" (c.25).

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"Then I took my hunting hat out of my coat pocket and gave it to her" (c.23).

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Holden's visit revisits his depression and how he should be caring for himself as well as suggests that Holden has experienced some sort of sexual abuse. Both aspects further the reader's understanding of Holden and why he acts the way he does.

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"When something perverty like that happens, I start sweating like a bastard. That stuff's happened to me about twenty times since I was a kid. I can't stand it" (c. 24).

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"'For one thing, it may save you an extraordinary amount of time trying on ideas that don't suit you, aren't becoming to you. You'll begin to know your true measurements and dress your mind accordingly'" (c.24).

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Also introduces Holden's experience with suicide regarding his memory of James Castle.

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The importance of their date resides in the significance of Holden's interactions with her. Sally isn't surprised by his declarations which suggests that he's exhibited such behavior before. Holden also states that he knows he's crazy which makes readers question if he actually took himself seriously.

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Luce's recognition of Holden's mental instability -mainly his depression- proves that he obviously needs help. It also introduces the idea to Holden that he can find help for what he's experiencing.

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"'He wouldn't do a goddamn thing to you. He'd simply talk to you, and you'd talk to him, for God's sake. For one thing, he'd help you recognize the patterns of your mind'" (c.19).

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"Then to show you how crazy I am, when we were coming out of this big clinch, I told her I loved her and all. It was a lie, of course, but the thing is, I meant it when I said it. I'm crazy. I swear to God I am" (c.17).

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Holden's sudden decision to leave Pencey early begins his downfall in his mental state. It also continues to illustrate that Holden doesn't care about how his life turns out and that, ultimately, he's depressed.

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"But all of a sudden, I changed my mind. All of a sudden, I decided what I'd really do, I'd get the hell out of Pencey-right that same night and all" (c.7).

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Visiting Mr. Spencer vs. leaving Mr. Antolini

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Visiting Mr. Spencer vs. leaving Mr. Antolini

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"After I got across the road, I felt like I was sort of disappearing" (c.1) vs. "'Allie, don't let me disappear. Please, Allie.' And then, when I'd reach the other side of the street without disappearing, I'd thank him" (c.25).

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The introduction of Jane also introduces Holden's issues moving forward in his life. Also, this is the first time readers see that Holden cares for someone.

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"'Jane Gallagher, Jesus.' I couldn't get her off my mind, I really couldn't. 'I oughta go down and say hello to her at least'" (c.4)

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Holden's visit to Mr. Spencer's begins to introduce his lack of care for his life. This idea is constantly revisited throughout the novel and shapes how Holden is characterized.

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-6- Holden gives Phoebe his red hunting hat

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-6- Holden gives Phoebe his red hunting hat

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-2- Holden finds out that Stradlater had a date with Jane

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-2- Holden finds out that Stradlater had a date with Jane

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-8- Holden brings Phoebe to the carousel

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-8- Holden brings Phoebe to the carousel

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"'Oh, I feel some concern for my future...But not too much, I guess.' 'You will,' old Spencer said. 'You will, boy. You will when it's too late''" (c.2).