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Exploring the Distinct Types of Learning with Examples for the Classroom

In our educational system today, teachers are well aware of the fact that individual students respond to specific types of learning. However, the challenge to be effective still remains for teachers who stand in front of a large classroom of diverse children. Most of these classes are too large to offer much individual instruction catered for each student.

It wasn't long ago when learning challenges such as autism, dyslexia, ADHD, and a myriad of other learning disabilities went undiagnosed or even considered. But even with added resources and understanding, individual teachers are expected to provide quality education on a multiple of subjects to a relatively mass audience.

Since every child is unique, we believe that if distinct types of learning are employed throughout school year, fewer children will be left behind. Teachers may notice that some children who were struggling have responded to a specific method. At the very least, changing things up from day to day will offer variety and make school more engaging for everyone.

The Distinct Types of Learning Styles

The predominate learning styles is laid out in the VARK system ( Visual | Auditory | Reading (and Writing) | K inesthetic). Let dig into these types first.

Visual Learning

A learning style in which information is best processed when presented visually. Individuals with a preference for visual learning often learn more effectively through images, charts, graphs, diagrams, and other visual aids. They may find it easier to understand and remember information when a visual format is used.

Examples of Visual Learning:

Mind Maps: Visual representations of information, concepts, or ideas, often created around a central theme or topic. They use branches, colors, and keywords to organize and illustrate relationships between different pieces of information. Similarly, flowcharts visually show the workflow from beginning to end of a process.

Infographics: Visual representations of data or information designed to present complex information quickly and clearly. They often use a combination of text, images, and icons to convey information in an easily digestible format. Visual learners benefit from infographics as they provide a visually engaging way to grasp and remember information.

Auditory Learning

A learning style in which individuals prefer to absorb information through listening. People with a strong auditory learning preference may learn more effectively through spoken words, discussions, and other auditory stimuli. They often benefit from explanations, lectures, and group discussions.

Examples of Auditory Learning:

Lectures and Oral Presentations: Auditory learners excel in environments where information is delivered verbally, such as lectures or oral presentations. They are likely to remember and understand concepts better when they hear them explained rather than reading them. Engaging speakers and dynamic presentations can be particularly effective for auditory learners.

Podcasts and Audiobooks: Auditory learners may find podcasts and audiobooks to be valuable tools for acquiring new information. Listening to spoken content allows them to absorb information through their sense of hearing. This form of learning is flexible, as it can be done while commuting, exercising, or performing other activities, making it convenient for auditory learners.

Reading/Writing

The Reading/Writing learning style in the VARK model refers to individuals who prefer to process information through written words. Learners with this preference often excel when they can read and write about a topic to understand and remember it effectively. They may prefer textbooks, written instructions, and notetaking as primary methods of learning.

Examples of the Reading and Writing learning style:

Text-Based Materials: Individuals with a preference for reading/writing often benefit from traditional text-based materials such as books, articles, and written instructions. They may find it easier to grasp information when presented in written form, allowing them to analyze and comprehend details through reading.

Note Taking and Summarizing: Reading/Writing learners often engage in notetaking as a strategy to reinforce their understanding of information. They may jot down key points, create outlines, or write summaries to process and remember what they've learned. This process of translating information into written form helps solidify their comprehension.

Kinesthetic Learning

Also known as tactile learning, the kinesthetic learning style where individuals prefer a hands-on approach to learning. Kinesthetic learners process information best through physical activities, movement, and direct manipulation of objects. They often learn by doing and benefit from actively engaging with the material.

Examples of Kinesthetic Learning:

Experiential Learning Activities: Kinesthetic learners thrive in activities that involve direct experiences and physical interactions. This can include science experiments, simulations, role-playing exercises, or field trips. By actively participating in these experiences, kinesthetic learners can better understand and retain information.

Hands-On Projects: Kinesthetic learners often excel in projects that require physical manipulation or construction. This could involve building models, conducting experiments, or creating something tangible related to the subject matter. For example, in a science class, kinesthetic learners might understand concepts better by physically assembling a model of a cell or conducting hands-on experiments to explore scientific principles.

Exploring Additional Learning Styles

A teacher need feel bound to teach according to one specific system of learning. Likewise, there are other additional factors to look at that can inhibit or strengthen their ability to learn. Beyond the primary types of learning, taking into account the styles of learning below can greatly enhance student engagement. Some of these relate to a child's personality type while others have more to do with a particular aptitude.

Social Learners (Linguistic)

Social learners thrive on interaction and collaboration with others as a primary means of acquiring and processing information. These individuals are most effective when they can engage in discussions, work in groups, and share ideas with peers. Social learning is often characterized by a preference for interpersonal communication and learning through social cues.

Example of Group Discussions and Collaborative Projects:

Social learners excel in group settings where they can actively participate in discussions and collaborative projects. For instance, in a classroom setting, a social learner might perform exceptionally well during group study sessions, where ideas are exchanged, different perspectives are considered, and the collective knowledge of the group is harnessed to deepen understanding. This collaborative approach helps social learners reinforce their learning through social interaction.

Solitary Learners

Also known as intrapersonal learners, solitary learners, prefer to work independently and often find solitary environments conducive to their learning process. These individuals are self-reflective and tend to be more introspective, thriving in settings where they can focus on individual tasks without external distractions.

Example of Independent Study and Self-Paced Learning:

Solitary learners are likely to excel in situations where they can study independently, such as through self-paced courses, individual research projects, or personal reading. For example, a solitary learner might prefer to read textbooks, conduct research alone, or work through course materials independently. This allows them to concentrate and learn effectively in a quieter and more self-directed environment.

Logical Learners (Analytical)

Also referred to as analytical learners, logical learners are individuals who excel in environments that require reasoning, analysis, and systematic thinking. They thrive when they can understand the underlying principles and relationships governing a subject. Logical learners prefer structure and logic in their learning materials.

Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Exercises:

Logical learners often excel in activities that involve problem-solving and critical thinking. For instance, in a STEM program they may perform well when presented with complex problems that require a logical and systematic approach to find solutions. Engaging in activities that challenge their analytical skills, such as puzzles, simulations, or experiments with a clear cause-and-effect relationship, can be particularly effective for logical learners.

Nature Learners

While learning styles like visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and others focus on sensory preferences, the concept of "nature learners" doesn't have a widely recognized definition in traditional educational psychology. However, if you're referring to individuals who have a strong affinity for learning in natural environments or through nature-related activities, I can provide an example:

Outdoor Education and Environmental Exploration:

Individuals who thrive as nature learners may benefit from educational experiences that take place outdoors. This could involve field trips to natural settings, environmental studies, or activities like gardening. For instance, a nature learner might better understand ecological concepts by actively participating in projects that involve observing and interacting with the natural world. This hands-on experience in nature enhances their learning process and allows them to connect theoretical knowledge with real-world observations.

Project-Based Learning

Project-Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional approach that can engage a variety of students regardless of their dominate learning style. PBL centers around students taking part in complex, real-world projects to deepen their understanding of a subject. Instead of traditional classroom methods, this method of learning emphasizes hands-on, collaborative, and inquiry-based learning.

Project-based learning is not just utilized in schools. It is a universal concept that any team can use in any organization.

Here is a video that explains Project-Based Learning in a non-school setting:

For students, class members typically work on projects in groups that require critical thinking, problem-solving, and the application of knowledge and skills. This frees up teachers to roam the classroom and provide individual attention where needed.

Benefits and Examples of Project-Based Learning:

Real-World Projects: Involve students in working on authentic, real-world projects that connect academic content to practical applications.

Inquiry and Investigation: Have students engage in inquiry and investigation. Encourage the asking of questions and exploring topics in-depth to develop a deeper understanding.

Hands-On Activities: Emphasize hands-on, experiential learning, and allow students to actively participate in the learning process on a set project or exercise.

Collaboration: Put students to work in collaborative groups on a project. This promotes teamwork, communication, and interpersonal skills.

Critical Thinking: Encourage critical thinking and problem-solving by having students analyze information, make decisions, and solve complex problems.

Autonomy and Ownership: Provide students with a sense of autonomy and ownership over their learning. Teamwork on a task will give them greater sense of responsibility for their education.

Reflection: Include opportunities for students to reflect on their learning process, identify challenges, and consider how to improve their work.

Presentations and Exhibitions: Have students work together with the end goal being the presentation or exhibitions of their projects to an audience. The presentation could 50% of their mark to promote communication skills as a team.

Continuous Learning: Check in with group projects to assist with students who are encountering challenges. Encourage them revise their work to refine their understanding throughout the project.

Summing Up the Distinct Types of Learning

All the elements explored here have hopefully served to collectively contribute to the effectiveness of teaching students to be the best they can be. Just as 'one shoe does not fit all', that does not mean kids shouldn't be exposed to various learning styles. At the very least, variety is the spice of life and will help hold a student's attention throughout the school year. Furthermore, in a classroom setting, employing various learning styles ensure all students are given equal opportunity to learn in a way that suits them.

Additionally, a pre-existing strength in one area does not mean a child cannot effectively expand their horizons and benefit from several types of methods. Children will face a myriad of challenges in their lifetime. Exposure to classroom lectures, individual teaching, and group settings will equipment them to better respond and develop live long learning in their relationships, career, and whatever they set their minds too.

Kid-Approved Ear Care: The Ultimate Guide to Keeping Little Ears in Top Shape

When it comes to the health of our family members, especially the youngest ones among us, there is nothing more important than making sure their ears are in top shape. As parents, no matter how great a job we do try to keep our kids safe and healthy, little ears can sometimes be easily forgotten about...until something goes wrong.

The good news is that ear care for your children doesn't have to be complicated or time-consuming; with a few simple tips and tricks, you can quickly learn the best ways to make sure your kid's ears stay nice and clean without being overly invasive!

Through this ultimate guide on kid-approved ear care practices, you'll find out everything you need to know when it comes to keeping those cute little lobes healthy - from prevention methods and education on infections down to different home remedies if any issues arise. So, let's get started now - after all - your child's safety should always come first!

Choosing the Right Hearing Aid

Choosing the right hearing aid for your child is a decision that can greatly affect their quality of life. It's important to consider a few factors when making this decision, such as the type and severity of their hearing loss, the child's age, and lifestyle, as well as personal preferences. A consultation with an audiologist can greatly assist in finding the best hearing aid options available. From traditional behind-the-ear models to discrete in-the-ear styles, the cost of hearing aids varies, and there are a variety of hearing aids available that can accommodate your child's unique needs and ensure they can communicate effectively in any setting. By taking the time to research and test different models, you can make an informed decision and provide your child with the best-fit hearing aid.

Identifying an Ear Infection

Ear infections can be extremely uncomfortable and painful. Symptoms can vary depending on the type of infection and age of the individual. However, some common signs include ear pain, fever, drainage from the ear, difficulty hearing, and irritability in children. If you or a loved one experiences any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical help.

Ignoring the symptoms can lead to more serious complications, such as hearing loss or ruptured eardrum. Your healthcare provider can examine your ears and determine the cause of the infection. Treatment may include antibiotics or other medications to alleviate symptoms and prevent the infection from worsening. Remember, early detection and treatment are key when it comes to ear infections.

Create an Ear Care Routine for Kids

Proper hygiene is essential for maintaining good health, and ear care is a crucial part of it that we tend to overlook. Children, in particular, need to have a regular ear care routine to prevent infections or wax build-up. However, as parents, we understand that convincing your little ones to clean their ears can be challenging. So, we have put together some tips to make ear cleaning a regular part of your child's grooming routine. By incorporating these simple practices, you can help your young ones form healthy habits that will benefit them in the long run. So, let's dive in and make ear care easier for both you and your child!

Treating Common Ear Problems

Our ears are essential for experiencing the sounds of the world around us, but even the smallest ear problems can be a major annoyance. Fortunately, many common ear issues can be treated easily with at-home remedies. If you're dealing with minor infections, wax build-up, or other common ear ailments, there are plenty of natural solutions that can help relieve discomfort and promote healing.

From oil drops to warm compresses, explore some of the top home remedies for treating common ear problems. With a little bit of knowledge and a few simple ingredients, you can keep your ears healthy and hearing clearly.

Best Practices for Maintaining Healthy Ears

As parents, we want our children to be healthy in all aspects of their lives, and one area that can sometimes be overlooked is the health of their ears. It's important to establish good habits early on so that little ears stay clean and healthy. One key practice is to avoid sticking anything smaller than your elbow into your child's ear! This can push earwax further into the ear canal, potentially causing damage or hearing loss.

Instead, gently clean the outer ear with a washcloth and avoid using cotton swabs. Additionally, be mindful of noise levels in your child's environment as excessive noise can damage hearing. By following these best practices and establishing healthy habits, we can help keep little ears in tip-top shape!

Prepping Kids for a Professional Cleaning Visit

Whether it's a routine check-up or for a specific concern, getting your child's ears checked at the doctor's office can be a nerve-racking experience for both kids and parents. As a parent, it's important to make sure your child feels comfortable and prepared for the visit. One way to ease their worries is by explaining the process beforehand and answering any questions they may have.

Consider practicing at home by using a toy doctor's kit to give your child a sense of what to expect. Also, be sure to bring along some distractions like a book or a favorite toy to keep them occupied during the exam. Remember, the more informed and at ease your child feels, the smoother and more successful the visit will be.

With all this information, it's clear that there's a lot more to ear care and health than many families realize. This is why it's so important for parents and guardians to be informed about best practices when it comes to ear care - understanding warning signs, proper maintenance tips, professional visits, and the right hearing aid if needed. Implementing a consistent ear-cleaning routine can go a long way in helping keep your child's hearing safe.

Ear health is something that should not be taken lightly, and you must be prepared with proper knowledge and resources. Hearing impairments can also lead to issues with speech and your child's overall education. \ If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to reach out to a professional - they can help you determine the best course of action for keeping your little one safe and healthy. So, what are you waiting for? Get informed today so that your children can have healthy ears tomorrow!

Why Keeping Games Consoles Secure Should be a Priority

The rise in video games cannot be understated. What was once a public novelty has now evolved into a quintessential part of most homes, with children and teenagers firmly accustomed to the idea of playing video games. Unlike age ratings like for films and content, there is no official or recommended age for using games consoles

With online gaming becoming vastly popular, it's never been more important for parents to decide if their child can safely use one. This guide is here to explain why ensuring your child's gaming system should always be secure, and why overlooking that aspect could present some serious concerns.

Gaming and Consoles are Mainstays of 2024

Recent surveys show that most children aged 7 to 18 (68%) own a games console, with a further 9% having access to one, which is quite telling of the situation many parents and educators find themselves in. At least 53% of US households report owning at least one gaming console, with 26% claiming a 'next-generation' model. Not only are video games and consoles firmly ingrained in how kids interact with each other and form social connections, but they also shape their experiences.

As our culture has grown increasingly digitally connected in recent years, it's no surprise that video gaming consoles have become 'must-haves' for today's youth. With many kids in elementary school playing video games semi-regularly, it's become a solid necessity to not feel isolated from their peers.

Multiplayer capabilities and a host of new releases making the rounds each year also make consoles highly coveted. Not only that, but the advancements in tech also make gaming more enticing, with keen gamers seeking new consoles and exclusive games to immerse themselves in. Therefore, it's fair to say that consoles and gaming are here to stay, so parents and caretakers must ensure safe usage, rather than restrict access.

Security Concerns of Video Gaming

Amid all the discourse surrounding video games and their influence on children's behavior, it cannot be denied that they can, if moderated and monitored appropriately, can have educational and social benefits. However, one thing that remains constant is the level of risk that lies with such proficient online gaming. Consoles introduce risks, ranging from interconnectivity with strangers in online, often 'lawless' chatrooms and forums, to a plethora of other cyber security risks and privacy breaches.

Providers and network administrators have their part to play in ensuring the robustness of their infrastructure. They can use mechanisms like vulnerability patching and penetration testing for weaknesses, although each user has to exercise vigilance. Console developers, meanwhile, are often tasked with rigorously securing networks and infrastructure, yet bad actors can still slip through the cracks. Sony recently suffered a series of hacks and security breaches which compromised user data, thus emphasizing the need for bolstering defenses.

Risks and Threats Associated with Gaming Devices

Games consoles introduce a range of potential cyber risks which can be concerning for parents. These include but are not limited to the following:

Personal data collection - Like all internet-connected devices, consoles and games can collect and transmit large amounts of user data. From usernames and passwords to usage data and communications, this information needs safeguarding with precision to prevent it from being used fraudulently or maliciously.

Device takeovers - Unwarranted hacks can give attackers full control over the console and any other connected devices. Remote hackers can compromise a device and expose users to unauthorized or inappropriate content.

Account takeovers - Attackers with stolen login credentials can access user accounts, steal personal information, make fraudulent purchases with saved payment cards, exploit associated email accounts, and much more.

Communication platforms - Instant messaging, and voice chat features can expose vulnerable children to bullying and harassment. If not supervised, kids can become victims of exploitative cyberbullying and social engineering attacks.

Malware risks - Viruses, spyware, and other malware can 'brick' games and consoles or render them inaccessible. These can often materialize innocuously without arousing suspicion from users.

Network risks - Gaming on public Wi-Fi networks - or those with poor, weak network security - leaves consoles vulnerable to eavesdropping and MitM (man-in-the-middle) cyber attacks.

This year alone we have seen the aforementioned attacks on the PlayStation Network, as well as a large-scale data leak on the Xbox servers. As these are two of the industry's most recognizable brands, it only proves that as consoles grow in popularity, they can become more appealing targets for cybercriminals. Therefore, personal safety and security is essential.

Securing Gaming Devices and Accounts

While there are undoubtedly risks when using gaming consoles, they are, fundamentally, no different than those that exist when using the Internet. This type of technology is increasingly available and beneficial, so the steps that parents can take to minimize threats bear many similarities to moderating children's Internet usage and access.

As a baseline level, consider implementing these controls to keep your kids safer when using online game consoles.

Use Strong Passwords and MFA

Establishing strong, unique passwords - using undecipherable, random strings of letters, numbers, symbols and capitalizations - will make initial barriers harder to break. Avoid using birthdays, pet names, or other easy-to-guess information in passwords.

Keep this data safe and bolster it by allowing multi-factor authentication (MFA) to validate login attempts. It might seem overly protective, but this will prevent usernames and passwords from being compromised.

Limit Personal Info

When setting up accounts, make sure that only essential information is provided. Consider leaving phone numbers, locations, school names, and other identifiable information fields blank, and restricting the access that third-party applications have to this data. Consider also masking real names on user profiles to avoid being targeted or identified.

Monitor Friends and Chats

If your child interacts with friends online, there's a good chance that, over time, they may encounter mutual friends and broaden their friendship circle online. However, listen carefully to what they say. Take a fervent interest in what they talk about and the interactions they mention in conversation.

If they seem 'off' or dissociate, it could indicate that they are interacting with someone anonymous who is worrying or stressing them. Cyberbullies and predators lurk in gaming comms channels, so pay close attention. If necessary, step in and enable parental controls and enhance privacy settings.

Patch Networks and Consoles

Ensure your home Wi-Fi uses modern WPA2 or WPA3 encryption protocols and a long, complicated pre-shared key (password). If relevant, consider installing a separate VPN to offer more robust, controlled connections.

Keep firmware updated on the console itself as well as routers and other network devices, applying all new security patches and revisions when prompted.

Disable remote administration capabilities and UPnP on routers, and, where possible, connect consoles to routers using ethernet cables. This stabilizes the connection between the console and the Internet.

Beware of Social Engineering

Kids may instinctively try to keep their gaming activities secret from parents, particularly if they find it to be an immersive escape from daily life. However, it's important to bridge that gap where possible and educate them - not forcefully but, rather, openly - on attempts to manipulate them.

Teach them ways to identify attempts to steal login credentials or sensitive data, and emphasize that divulging this could pose a security risk. Phishing emails, notifications, and links can be dangerous, so they should take time to assess their legitimacy before clicking them.

It will help exponentially if your child feels comfortable maintaining autonomy when using their console but flagging up any suspicions to you with confidence, at which point you can intervene without reprimanding them.

While no gaming console security is foolproof, combining the security steps outlined above will significantly reduce the attack surface. Parents must manage and monitor console usage carefully but not to the point where it becomes disruptive or invasive to their child's enjoyment. Stay alert for new threats and make cyber safety an ongoing conversation with your young gamer(s), as they should feel empowered to enjoy the gaming experience without becoming desensitized to it because of security concerns.

If your kids want to find their own solutions to any challenging parts of the games they are playing, you can support them to navigate the web safely by using Safe Search Kids. Using Safe Search Kids means that you don't have to worry about your kids stumbling upon content that isn't appropriate for them.

15 Heartfelt and Affordable Gifts for Mum-to-Be

Welcoming a new life into the world is exciting, especially for expectant mothers. It's a period filled with anticipation, joy, and, of course, a bit of anxiety. During this time, celebrating a mum-to-be with thoughtful gifts can add a sparkle to her journey.

But here's the thing - these gifts don't have to break the bank. In this guide, we'll explore some heartfelt yet affordable gift ideas, perfect for showing love and support without stretching your wallet.

Why Affordable Gifts Matter for Mum-to-Be

In an age where the cost of living and raising a child is ever-increasing, being budget-conscious is more critical than ever. But let's not confuse affordable with less meaningful. The value of a gift lies in its thoughtfulness, not its price tag. Cheap presents can be practical and emotionally gratifying, offering a way to show care without financial strain. Considering the expenses awaiting new parents, a budget-friendly gift can be a considerate choice.

The Joy of Gifting: What Expectant Moms Appreciate

What do expectant moms cherish the most? It's the thought and love put into a gift. These soon-to-be mothers are embarking on one of life's most beautiful journeys, and a gift that acknowledges their emotional and physical needs during this time can be significant. Whether it offers relaxation, celebrates the upcoming arrival, or makes their day-to-day a bit easier, the sentiment behind the gift truly counts. So, when considering gifts for mum to be, remember that love and care matter most.

Thoughtful and Affordable Gifts for Mum-to-Be

Personalised Gifts

Personalised Baby Name Keychain: More than just a keychain, it's a daily reminder of the new life about to be welcomed. This charming gift can accompany her everywhere as a token of the joyous future.

Customised Photo Frame: Ideal for those first sonogram images or newborn pictures, this frame becomes a cherished family heirloom, capturing a moment in time that's forever precious.

Handmade Greeting Card: Crafted with care, a handmade card can express sentiments that store-bought ones cannot. It's a unique way to convey your excitement and best wishes for her journey into motherhood.

Self-Care and Relaxation

Scented Candles: These candles don't just light up a room; they offer a serene ambience, perfect for moments of reflection and calm amid a busy prenatal period.

Herbal Tea Assortment: Carefully selected for safety and comfort during pregnancy, these teas provide a comforting and warm ritual that can soothe both body and mind.

DIY Bath Salts Kit: A DIY kit isn't just a gift; it's an experience. Mixing her bath salts adds a personal touch to her relaxation routine, making it all the more special.

Practical Baby Essentials

Baby Bibs: These aren't just practical; they come in various fun designs and colours, adding a bit of joy to everyday baby care.

Baby Socks: Keeping those tiny toes warm is crucial, and with an array of cute patterns, they're a delightful addition to any baby's wardrobe.

Baby Washcloths: Gentle on the baby's skin and indispensable during bath time, these washcloths are a must-have for any new parent, blending functionality with comfort.

Books for Parenting and Pregnancy

Pregnancy Journal: This journal offers a space to document thoughts, feelings, and experiences, creating a priceless memoir of her pregnancy journey.

Parenting Advice Book: Packed with practical advice, these books are a great resource, offering reassurance and guidance through the early stages of parenthood.

Children's Bedtime Storybook: It's more than just a book; it's the beginning of many nights of bedtime stories, fostering a love for reading and bonding time between parent and child.

Homemade Treats

Hand-baked Cookies or Muffins: These treats, made from the heart, are a sweet gesture of care and provide a comforting, home-cooked taste that's hard to beat.

Fruit Basket: A basket of fresh, hand-picked fruits looks beautiful and offers a healthy snack full of vitamins and nutrients.

Homemade Pregnancy-safe Face Mask: Using natural ingredients, this face mask is a thoughtful way to encourage her to take some time for herself, ensuring it's safe and soothing for her skin during pregnancy.

Where to Find Budget-Friendly Mum-to-Be Gifts

Image by gpointstudio on Freepik

There are several places where you can find these gems. Online marketplaces often offer personalised items at low costs. Local thrift stores or second-hand shops are treasure troves for unique finds. For crafty people, DIY and crafting stores are your go-to materials to make your gifts. And remember community groups and online forums, where you can often find gently used items perfect for gifting.

Tips for Selecting the Perfect Affordable Gift

When choosing an affordable gift for a mom-to-be, consider her style, needs, and allergies to make it meaningful and suitable. Please pay attention to skincare or edible items to ensure her comfort.

Your relationship with the expectant mother matters. For close bonds, go for customised or sentimental gifts; opt for universally appealing and practical items for more formal relationships. Balancing these factors enhances the gift's value.

Creative Presentation Ideas

The presentation of your gift can elevate its perceived value and show the care you've put into it:

DIY Gift Wrapping: Personalise your gift with handmade wrapping paper or decorate a plain gift box with drawings, stickers, or ribbons. This adds a unique touch and shows the extra effort you've put into the gift.

Gift Baskets: Assemble a themed gift basket with small items. For instance, a self-care basket with herbal teas, scented candles, and a homemade face mask can be charming and helpful.

Handwritten Note: Including a handwritten note with your gift adds a deeply personal touch. It's a chance to express your excitement and well-wishes for her journey into motherhood, making the gift even more memorable.

You're All Set!

Celebrating a mum-to-be with thoughtful, affordable gifts is a beautiful way to share the joy and anticipation of the new arrival. Each gift idea we've explored offers a blend of practicality, sentiment, and care, proving that it's not about how much you spend but the thoughtfulness you put into the gift.

Now, it's your turn to spread the joy. Take these ideas, find the perfect gift that resonates with the expectant mother in your life, and tell her how much she appreciates it. Whether it's a handmade card, a personalised keepsake, or a soothing self-care item, your gift will surely bring a smile and warmth to her heart.

Remember, the best gifts come from the heart, not the wallet. So make a mum-to-be's day special, and enjoy the happiness of giving.

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Safe Search Kids | Filtering Enhanced by Google for Safer Search

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The Kids' Search Engine that ensures Google safe search in school and at home on all devices. We filter the internet and provide educational resources.

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Listen to the story again

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What do you think about when you hear the word "railroad"? Engines? A line of ? The or the ? Tracks stretching off into the distance? What about an underground railroad? You may think of the subway.

Have you heard about the most famous and important Underground Railroad of all time? It was not made up of engines, , or tracks. Instead, it was made mostly of people.

For centuries, boats full of African families were brought to the United States not as free men and women, but as people. Across the southern states, they were forced to work the land. As soon as people arrived, they sought freedom. But escaping from the bonds of slavery was not easy.

Working together, abolitionists and people who had escaped slavery found a way to help. They made a system of secret routes, meeting points, and safe houses. These helped people flee to states where slavery was illegal. Some helped them move even farther north to Canada. This became known as the Underground Railroad.

Where did this name come from? After all, it wasn't made of underground tunnels. It also wasn't made of tracks like a railroad. Instead, the movement was "underground" in that escaping people and those who helped them had to stay out of sight. They hid their actions because they were breaking the law.

The "railroad" part of the name came from the words and labels used to describe the journey. There were "stations" and "depots" where people could rest and eat. "Conductors" would hide people in their homes and teach them secret codes to help them find the next "station" along the route.

The Underground Railroad consisted of a large of people. It was not run by any single organization or person. In fact, most of those involved only knew about their part of the operation. They didn't have the overall picture of all the different routes and depots.

The Underground Railroad moved many people to freedom each year. About 100,000 people had escaped using the by 1850. Its use continued after that and peaked between 1850 and 1860.

For all those involved, running away to freedom was a dangerous and difficult . People had to first escape their enslavers. Sometimes a "" would pose as an person, enter a plantation , and then guide runaways northward. Most of the time, though, people had only themselves to rely on.

People who escaped would move at night, traveling 10 to 20 miles to the next "station." During the day, they would rest and eat, hiding out in all sorts of places. The journey was long and stressful. The length of the route to freedom varied but was often 500 to 600 miles.

Those who were strong-and lucky-might make it to freedom in as little as two months. For others, the journey could last more than a year.

Harriet Tubman was one of the most famous conductors along the Underground Railroad. Born into slavery in Maryland, she planned her own escape when she learned she would be separated from her family and sold. She snuck away, covered with a sack in the back of a wagon. With the help of others, she made her way to Philadelphia. She later described freedom as "heaven."

In Philadelphia, Tubman worked hard to save money to rescue her family. She eventually helped more than 300 formerly people reach freedom.

Tubman became known as "Moses." Over the course of her life, she returned 19 times to the South to help people use the Underground Railroad to gain freedom. She used music, Bible verses, and to alert people to danger and give them directions to safe houses.

Escaping from slavery was very dangerous. People who were caught could be returned to the South and punished. Still, the possibility of freedom was worth the risk for many. Those who helped them move along the Underground Railroad also took a big chance. They could be arrested and punished for breaking the law. Both those who escaped and those who helped them had to be brave and overcome many to make the Underground Railroad successful.

C3.D2.Civ.6, C3.D2.Civ.14, C3.D2.Geo.2, C3.D2.Geo.3, C3.D2.Geo.8, C3.D2.His.2, CCRA.L.3, CCRA.L.6, CCRA.R.1, CCRA.R.2, CCRA.R.4, CCRA.R.10, CCRA.SL.1, CCRA.SL.2, CCRA.W.3, CCRA.L.1, CCRA.L.2

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What do you think about when you hear the word "railroad"? Engines? A line of ? The or the ? Tracks stretching off into the distance? What about an underground railroad? You may think of the subway. Have you heard about the most famous and important Underground Railroad of all time?

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Scholastic - The Underground Railroad Tour

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Scholastic - The Underground Railroad Tour

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Go along with Walter, a slave boy, who is on his way to freedom.

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To help you use this online activity in your classroom, see the:

Curriculum connections for the resources and activities on this page include:

American History:

Language Arts:

Critical reading,

Writing historical fiction

For other resources and activities on the Underground Railroad, see all:

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Life on the Plantation | Underground Railroad Student Activity | Scholastic.com

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To help you use this online activity in your classroom, see the: Curriculum connections for the resources and activities on this page include: American History: Language Arts: Critical reading, Writing historical fiction For other resources and activities on the Underground Railroad, see all:

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http://www.learnersdictionary.com/

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http://civilwar.mrdonn.org/underground-railroad.html

http://www.ducksters.com/history/civil_war/underground_railroad.php

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A brief history of the Underground Railroad

From this video it is obvious and easy to grasp the nature of the legend of the secret railroad. With the realization that in some cases the oral history passed down to us is the only record of certain historical events. <br></br> What is commonly called the Underground Railroad has become what may well be thought of as having grown to legendary status here in Maine. Despite this it may often be heard by a number of imperative and influential people that it in all probability never existed in this state at all. But to those of us who have seen some of the physical proof that still remains from this endeavor, this statement merely indicates a lack of any reasonable research being done by the architect of the statement. For evidence of the Underground Railroad is all around, at least in the southwest corner of the state and that which exists in Brunswick and Topsham may well be some of the best there is still in existence. <br></br> Though it was known as the Underground Railroad, it was not of course actually underground -- but was more a string of safe houses with secret passwords and secret signs to be recognized and utilized by the runaway slave to help them along their way to freedom in Canada. Despite this, it is thought that in Brunswick and Topsham, it was actually in parts underground, utilizing tunnels, which ran between safe houses. These tunnels were constructed of carefully laid red brick with vertical side walls, a vaulted top and a flat brick paved bottom up to some 5 feet wide which would allow the easy passage of individuals on foot as well as a horse and buggy if desired, at least in the Topsham portion of the tunnels. <br></br> Concerning the legends: <br></br> The legend of the tunnels, as I have been told in bits and pieces by an assortment of people over the years, when put together, seems to provide a plausible explanation for this large and complex housing and transportation system. How much of it is true will only be determined if the loose ends which remain are carefully investigated and explored. It hasn?t happened in the last 140 plus years, and the "it's there / it?s not there? argument rages on, but I still hold out hope, which might just prove to be a national treasure, will sometime soon receive the concentration it deserves. While some parts are known to be true, others are plausible, and all need more research and study. The population of Maine exhibited a broad range of positions on the elimination question with both sides being well represented as well as throwing in a good number whose minds were not made up. With this divided view secrecy was necessary for any hard work to aid escaping slaves along their way to Canada and freedom. <br></br> Brunswick and Topsham were a center of trade and transportation in the time due to its location at the falls in a huge river, which prohibited deep draft vessels from continuing upstream. Cargo must be unloaded from the large vessels to smaller, shallower draft vessels for continuation to towns upriver or provided to dealers and suppliers to be presented for sale in Brunswick / Topsham shops, which were well frequented by those that lived upriver - Durham, Lisbon, Lewiston, Auburn, etc. <br></br> Bath, a center of transportation as well, was pro-slavery as were most of the larger towns along the coast as the affluent of these communities were shipmasters and shipyard owners. This acceptance of slavery was the result of their dependence on the slaves of the south to produce the cotton so desperately needed by Europe. Their fortunes relied a great deal upon the transportation of their construct, which in part made many of them very well to do for the period. Brunswick / Topsham though divided on the issue and as well a producer of ships for this business harbored many with a strong abolitionist view and less of a population percentage which directly dealt with the South, this being a trade and production based area. <br></br> Thanks for watching!

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A brief history of the Underground Railroad From this video it is obvious and easy to grasp the nature of the legend of the secret railroad. With the realization that in some cases the oral history passed down to us is the only record of certain historical events.

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http://civilwar.mrdonn.org/frederick-douglass.html

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http://civilwar.mrdonn.org/slavelife.html

http://www.ducksters.com/history/civil_rights/history_of_slavery_in_the_united_states.php

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Period photographs, illustrations, and news articles documenting the people and events of the Civil War-era help to illustrate the stories and facts surrounding slavery and the movement to end it.

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Primary Sources | Underground Railroad Student Activity | Scholastic.com

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Period photographs, illustrations, and news articles documenting the people and events of the Civil War-era help to illustrate the stories and facts surrounding slavery and the movement to end it.