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America the Story of Us: Frederick Douglass | History

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Douglass logically explains why "my master was my father" by presenting the details of what happens to the children of slave women. This was a description of the factual customs at the time.

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He says that he doesn't know his birthday, unlike the white citizens. Beginning with this fact establishes that Douglass can be trusted because of his direct personal experience.

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Here we have pathos, when Douglass says that Severe is rightly named, he is using poetics, wordplay, pathos to conjure up a vivid image of his subject.

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"The whisper that my master was my father, may or may not be true, and true or false, it is of but little consequence to my purpose whilst the fact remains, in all its glaring odiousness, that slaveholders have ordained, and by law established, that the children of slave women shall in all cases follow the condition of their mothers" (Douglass 2)

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"I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it. By far the larger part of the slaves know as little of their ages as horses know of theirs. The white children could tell their ages. I couldn't tell why I ought to be deprived of the same privilege"  (Douglass 1)

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"Mr.Severe was rightly named: he was a cruel man. I have seen him whip a woman, causing the blood to run half an hour at the time; and this; too, in the midst of her crying children, pleading for their mother's release. He seemed to take pleasure in manifesting his fiendish barbarity" (Douglass 6)

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an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response

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an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader.

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an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason. construct a message of well-reasoned argument.