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Now, a stop for lunch. Today we have activist W.E.B DuBois here to talk.
Something that I think is important to know about the Industrial and Progressive America is that it did nothing for the African Americans living in this country. We were always put last and cared about the least. The decisions decided in the Plessy v. Ferguson case have proved this. Those rulings are what motivated other activist and myself to found the NAACP to fight for the equal rights of black people in America. The Progressive era was a major set back era for African Americans, as it kept us socially and systematically oppressed by the white man.

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Stop 5: Congress Court Room of Plessy v. Ferguson Case

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Stop 5: Congress Court Room of Plessy v. Ferguson Case

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Our fifth and final stop is in the court room during the Plessy v. Ferguson case. This case was brought to congress because a 1/8th black passenger, who was white passing, boarded a whites only car of the East Louisiana Railroad. Plessy was detained and charged for violating the Louisiana statute. After appealing to the U.S Supreme Court arguing that the statute violated the 14th amendment but the courts ruled it didn’t. The courts ruled that the train cars are “separate but equal” but they infact  weren’t. The significance of this ruling is that it was a set precedent for segregation throughout the country.

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Stop 3: Haymarket Square, Chicago, Illinois

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Stop 3: Haymarket Square, Chicago, Illinois

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Next we head to the Haymarket Square of Chicago. 80,000 unioners have gathered to strike, demanding 8 hour work days and higher wages. A few days before the massive demonstration, many anarchist leaders of the IWPA and other unions prompted all workers to strike. Strikerbreakers hired by employers broke up the strike violently, by killing 2 workers. Once the demonstration took place, the huge rally ended in someone throwing a bomb, killing a policeman, resulting in the police force to fire into the crowd of strikers, even striking other policemen. After this riot, unions were now associated with bad things like violence, anarchism, and strikes. Workers began to leave their unions.

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This may be the worst part of the tour, the slums of New York city. I am bringing you here to show how bad workers in big cities lived.  The houses that most city lovers lived in were called tenements. These tenements were often overcrowded and unsanitary. There were a lot single family homes that housed two or three families. The water in these cities was unsafe to drink. Even though most houses had indoor plumbing, residents had to collect water in pails from faucets on the street and heat them for bathing. Diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever festered in the drinking water. Most neighbors were also very unsanitary with trash festering in the streets.

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The first stop on the tor will be in Cleveland at John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company where he profited millions of dollars. Rockefeller used smart tactics that would be deemed illegal today. Rockefeller bought other oil companies in Cleveland, leaving little to no competition, and eventually beat out other companies. Rockefeller was one of the first businessmen to make this much money during this era.