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Jhumpa Lahiri (born Nilanjana Sudeshna Lahiri in 1967, London) is an American author of Indian (Bengali) heritage. She is widely known for her explorations of migration, identity, cultural displacement, family ties, and the experience of being “in-between” cultures.

Her parents were Bengali immigrants, and she grew up in the United States after the family moved to Rhode Island when she was a young child.

Jhumpa Lahiri is also an academic:

She has taught at Princeton University.

Currently involved in literary and translation studies, especially promoting Italian literature.

In 2016, she received a National Humanities Medal from President Barack Obama.

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Before the author wrote the story he had visited Mexico and Liberia. These countries at that time went through conflicts like poverty, political, political violence, dictatorship. It was a period of awareness where he got disappointed about the humans' behavior.

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Shukumar, a thirty-five year old student.

Shoba.

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Morality.

Ethics.

Identity.

Prejudice.

Fear.

"What are robots?" x

"What makes us humans?"

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Betrayal.

Jelousy.

Resentment.

Guilt.

Tragic irony.

Greed.

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Kindness.

Compassion.

Trust.

Dignity.

Second chances.

Empathy.

Punishment.

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Perseption of time.

Freedom.

Independence.

The role of women in society.

Love and marriage.

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Manipulation.

Revenge.

Justice.

Freedom.

Passivity vs. action.

Irony in the tittle.

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Prejudice.

Freedom.

Justice.

Racial perspective.

Courage.

Martyrdom.

Inequality.

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Opportunism.

Greed.

Jelousy.

Betrayal.

Justice.

Distrust.

Materialism.

Consequences of actions.

Self-interest.

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Stephen Byerley:

Francis Quinn:

Dr. Susan Calvin:

_Chief of robopsychologist at U.S. Robots and Mechanical men.

_Cold woman, almost robotic.

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Owen Parry:

_ Greedy.

_ "Like the river you are, Owen Parry, slow and deep" says Rhiannon.

_ Dishonest.

_ Mentally weak.

Huw Parry:

_ Honest.

_Blackhaired giant.

_ Bass-voiced.

_ Rock-strong.

_Speechless.

_ Vigorous.

_ Religous man.

_ He has a change of personality.

_ Determined.

Rhiannon:

_Pretty.

_Sympathetic.

_Pliable.

Margo:

_ Brown-eyed.

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Place:

_ Sheepfarm.

_ Country side of Wales.

Time:

_ In the 80's, probably.

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Angela Noel:

Angela Noel was born in 1931, and now lives in Lancashire, where she runs a livery stables.

Most of her writing consists of short stories for women's magazines in several countries, and she has also published four romantic novels, all set in the English countryside. Her most recent title is Remember Me.

Her story Ricochet was first published in March 1980 in London Mystery Selection. Although the story is set in Wales, the idea for it was originally drawn from a newspaper report about a real-life incident concerning two brothers in Spain, one of whom was accused of murdering the other.

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Not using golve= certainty in what he (Owen) does.

Stone house = how strong was Huw and Rhiannon's relation.

Musty river's cottage = how mentally weak was Owen.

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Loren Amony:

_ Wealthy.

_ 45 year old banker.

_ Balding.

_ Naive.

_ Concerned husband.

Olivia Amony:

_ She is 34 years old.

_ Lovely housewife.

_ Manipulator.

_ Calculating.

Stephen Castle:

_ He is 35 years old.

_ Actor.

_ Handsome.

_ Charming.

_ Opportunist.

_ Lanky.

_ Oat-coloured hair.

_ Lazy.

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Place:

Old Greenwich. (U.S.A)

New York.

Time:

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In 1934 she returned to New York to live with her mother and stepfather in Greenwich Village, Manhattan. And also lived in New York City.

Olivia reflects the way Patricia used to see life. They were bored of the normal life and common people. Olivia was bored of her husband´s banker life and the bankers´parties, that´s why she falls in love with Stephen, an actor. Patricia sympathazised with criminals and anti-heros that created them as nice characters.

Both were impulsive, they fell in love quickly. In one side, Olivia fell in love with Stephen rapidly (as she did with Loren?). On the other side, Patricia also used to fall in love quickly and also got obsessed with her lovers at the point in which she followed them and wrote the most beautiful line about them, after any time falling out in love and do the same with others.

Patricia used to be a kind of hermit. As Olivia, she used to be a depressed person. But Olivia was an impostor, as she acted to show that she was depressed and then that she was sad because of her husband's death, when she really wasn't; Patricia tried most time of her life to show herself as someone that she wasn´t, what the society and specially her mother wanted to see.

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Patricia Highsmith was an American novelist who is known mainly for her psychological crime thrillers which have led to more than two dozen film adaptations over the years.

She lived with her grandmother, mother and later step-father (her mother divorced her natural father six months before 'Patsy' was born and married Stanley Highsmith) in Fort Worth before moving with her parents to New York in 1927 but returned to live with her grandmother for a year in 1933. Returning to her parents in New York, she attended public schools in New York City and later graduated from Barnard College in 1942.

Shortly after graduation her short story 'The Heroine' was published in the Harper's Bazaar magazine and it was selected as one of the 22 best stories that appeared in American magazines in 1945 and it won the O Henry award for short stories in 1946. She continued to write short stories, many of them comic book stories, and regularly earned herself a weekly $55 pay-check. During this period of her life she lived variously in New York and Mexico.

Her first suspense novel 'Strangers on a Train' published in 1950 was an immediate success with public and critics alike. The novel has been adapted for the screen three times, most notably by Alfred Hitchcock in 1951.

In 1955 her anti-hero Tom Ripley appeared in the splendid 'The Talented Mr Ripley', a book that was awarded the Grand Prix de Litterature Policiere as the best foreign mystery novel translated into French in 1957. This book, too, has been the subject of a number of film versions. Ripley appeared again in 'Ripley Under Ground' in 1970, in 'Ripley's Game' in 1974, 'The boy who Followed Ripley' in 1980 and in 'Ripley Under Water' in 1991.

Along with her acclaimed series about Ripley, she wrote 22 novels and eight short story collections plus many other short stories, often macabre, satirical or tinged with black humour. She also wrote one novel, non-mystery, under the name Claire Morgan , plus a work of non-fiction 'Plotting and Writing Suspense Fiction' and a co-written book of children's verse, 'Miranda the Panda Is on the Veranda'.

She latterly lived in England and France and was more popular in England than in her native United States. Her novel 'Deep Water', 1957, was called by the Sunday Times one of the "most brilliant analyses of psychosis in America" and Julian Symons once wrote of her "Miss Highsmith is the writer who fuses character and plot most successfully ... the most important crime novelist at present in practice." In addition, Michael Dirda observed "Europeans honoured her as a psychological novelist, part of an existentialist tradition represented by her own favorite writers, in particular Dostoevsky, Conrad, Kafka, Gide, and Camus."

She died of leukemia in Locarno, Switzerland on 4 February 1995 and her last novel, 'Small g: a Summer Idyll', was published posthumously a month later.

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Patricia Highsmith, born Mary Patricia Plangman in Texas in 1921, attended Barnard College in New York and graduated in 1942. She moved to Europe after a period of travel in the late 1940s. Her first novel, Strangers on a Train, a psychological thriller about two ostensibly very different men sharing a train journey, was published in 1950. The work was adapted for film only a year later, directed by Alfred Hitchcock and written by Raymond Chandler and Czenzi Ormonde. Highsmith published her novel The Price of Salt, which describes an affair between a younger woman and an older one, under the pseudonym Claire Morgan in 1952.

In 1955, Highsmith published her most famous work, The Talented Mr. Ripley, which focuses on a manipulative, murderous protagonist who assumes the identity of his victims. The book would be the first in a five-part series, accompanied by Ripley Under Ground (1970), Ripley’s Game (1974), The Boy Who Followed Ripley (1980), and Ripley Under Water (1991). Highsmith was a prolific author, and her other well-known novels include The Blunderer (1954) and Deep Water (1957). Though she is best known as a novelist, Highsmith also published short stories and nonfiction, generally about the craft of writing itself. Her story collections include The Black House (1981) and Tales of Natural and Unnatural Catastrophes (1987), and she published Plotting and Writing Suspense Fiction in 1966.

Highsmith was a lesbian at a time when homosexuality was generally ignored or frowned upon, and many of her works contain themes of queerness alongside those of violence and stolen identities. Her personality could be abrasive, and she generally did not maintain close relationships, though some of her short-lived affairs served as inspiration for The Price of Salt, among other works. She died in Switzerland in 1995. Her fiction remains popular. In addition to Hitchcock's adaptation of Strangers on a Train, many of Highsmith's books have been adapted as films. The Talented Mr. Ripley was made into a film starring Matt Damon in 1999, and Showtime has ordered the production of a TV series based on the novels, titled Ripley. The Price of Salt was the basis for the 2015 film Carol, starring Cate Blanchett and Rooney Mara. Highsmith has been the subject of a number of biographies, including Joan Schenkar's The Talented Miss Highsmith (2009) and Andrew Wilson's Beautiful Shadow (2003).

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Las diez lecciones de suspenso de Patricia Highsmith: "Simpatizo con los criminales"

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Vuelve a librerías "¿Cómo se escribe una novela de intriga?", clásico de no ficción de la autora de "Extraños en un tren" y "El talento de Mr. Ripley", con las claves de la novelista estadounidense que llevó a otro nivel la narrativa del crimen

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#2 PATRICIA HIGHSMITH | Grandes Infelices. Luces y sombras de grandes novelistas

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Listen to this episode from Grandes Maricas de la Historia on Spotify. En este episodio de "Grandes Maricas de la Historia", nos sumergimos en la enigmática vida de Patricia Highsmith, una de las autoras más influyentes del suspense psicológico del siglo XX.

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If a ball or bullet ricochets, it hits a surface and moves away from it at an angle.

Owen sets a whole plan to kill his brother, but finally the one that ends dead is Owen himself.

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The deep freezer = represents the could in Olivia and Stephen´s souls.

March 15, or The Ides of March = is a historical reference to betrayal, impending doom.

Old Orion = symbolize strength, courage, the cycle of life and death, but also immortality. Orion is also linked to unfufilled or tragic love, and gives a melancholic symbolism of desire, separation, and sorrow.

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The idiom "sauce for the goose" is part of the larger phrase "what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander." It means that if a certain action or treatment is acceptable for one person or situation, it should also be acceptable for another, similar person or situation. Essentially, it advocates for fairness and equal treatment.

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Introduction: the arriving of the notice about cutting off.

Conflict: the after of the baby's death.

Climax: Shukumar tells Shoba the baby's gender.

Resolution: both of them crying for what they now knew.

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It was published in 1918.

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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (born September 15, 1977, in Enugu, Nigeria) is a Nigerian novelist, short-story writer, essayist, and one of the major voices in contemporary African literature. She is celebrated for her powerful storytelling, her exploration of identity, gender, politics, and migration, and her ability to connect African experiences with universal human themes.

After studying medicine for a time in Nsukka, in 1997 she left for the United States, where she studied communication and political science at Eastern Connecticut State University (B.A., 2001). Splitting her time between Nigeria and the United States, she received a master’s degree in creative writing from Johns Hopkins University and studied African history at Yale University.

Themes in Her Work

Adichie’s writing often explores:

Feminism and gender roles

Postcolonial identity

Migration and cultural displacement

Love and relationships

Political history, especially the Biafran War

Race and racism, particularly in America

The complexity of Nigerian society

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's work focuses on Nigerian culture, African identity in Africa and the diaspora, and feminism.

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Hiding secrets.

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Unprocessed grief.

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This story is about a couple that lost a baby. After this happening, both of them changed. He, Shukuma, started to be more at home, and Shoba worked a lot outside. They hardly eat together. A notice arrived at their home which said that the electricity will have been cutting off one hour for five days, it will be a temporary matter. Shuruma considered to cook for her. And when they sat for dinner, in light of a candle, they had little to say. Shoba suggeted to sat out in the porche. She asked him to play a game. Each of them would tell the other something they hadn't told before. The first night the electricity didn't go off, Shoba told him she was going to move to an apartment. And he finally told her he knew their baby's gender, a boy.

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It was published in 1998

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Katherine Mansfield was born in New Zeland in 1888 and passed away in 1923, at the age of 34.

In her youth, at the age of 19, she moved on to London to write.

She studied in Queen's College.

She had had several partners (men and women) and her relation used to be short and intense.

Once she was pregnant but she had an expontaneous abortion.

In her last period of her life she suffered of tuberculosis.

Her writing style:

She was more focused on inner world than external actions. Her stories often explore characters’ thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and inner conflicts more than events or “what happens.”

Instead of big dramatic scenes, Mansfield shows small but meaningful moments where a character suddenly understands something about themselves or the world.

Her writing often feels like painting with words—using images, sensations, and fragments of observation to create mood and meaning.(impressionistic style)

Many of her stories do not finish with clear answers. Mansfield preferred to represent life as it is—uncertain, fluid, unresolved.

She was a modernist writer.

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Themes:

Class division

Maturity

Conflict:

The Mr. Scott's death and the struggle it brings into the Sheridan family.

Climax:

The moment Laura sees the Mr. Scott's body.

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She published this story the year before of her death. It may represent her view about death and that she finally accepts it.

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The garden: the family and how superficial they are. It looks beauty thanks to others' work and effort.

The marquee: the need to cover secrets or ugly things.

The band represents the noise the family emits in order to silence the neighbors' problems and existence.

The hill represents the class distance.

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Graham also attended the school as a boarder. Bullied and profoundly depressed, he made several suicide attempts, including, as he wrote in his autobiography, by Russian roulette and by taking aspirin before going swimming in the school pool. In 1920, aged 16, in what was a radical step for the time, he was sent for psychoanalysis for six months in London, afterwards returning to school as a day student.

Catholic religious themes are at the root of much of his writing, especially Brighton Rock, The Power and the Glory, The Heart of the Matter, and The End of the Affair, which have been named "the gold standard" of the Catholic novel.

Several works, such as The Confidential Agent, The Quiet American, Our Man in Havana, The Human Factor, and his screenplay for The Third Man, also show Greene's avid interest in the workings and intrigues of international politics and espionage. In the early 1930s Greene moved to the left politically. His later political affiliations and convictions were more ambiguous.

Greene left the UK to live in Mexico until after the trial was over. While in Mexico, Greene developed the ideas for the novel often considered his masterpiece, The Power and the Glory.

In 1957, just months after Fidel Castro began his final revolutionary assault on the Batista regime in Cuba, Greene played a small role in helping the revolutionaries, as a secret courier transporting warm clothing for Castro's rebels hiding in the hills during the Cuban winter.

Castro, like Daniel Ortega and Omar Torrijos, was one of several Latin American leaders Greene's friendship with whom has led some commentators to question his commitment to democracy.

Greene lived with manic depression (bipolar disorder). He had a history of depression, which had a profound effect on his writing and personal life.

He visited Chaplin often, and the two were good friends.

Greene divided his fiction into two genres: thrillers (mystery and suspense books), which he described as entertainments; and literary works, which he described as novels.

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There are some web sites that claim the protagonist as the innocent.

What I actually think is that the innocent in this story is Lola. She has been judged because of her uninterested reaction about the place. It is understandable because she doesn't have any connection with the place.

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Foreshadowing:

The incident in the airport reveals us what she will be forced to do, to leave her culture behind.

Addressing her as the "New wife" hints us that is not the first one nor the only one.

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Chinaza begins being summisive but at the end she seems to be determined coming back with Ofodile but with an aim, to get the permanency in the U.S and then get divorced.

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Chinaza has a British accent because Nigeria was a British colony for several decades and even after its indepence, it is still connected with Great Bratain as part of the Commonwealth.

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What she has done with this collection is to display another version of her country and culture in order to break with the problem of single story.

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The fast and junck food represents Ofodile's relationships, fast and superficial.

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Rohin: he is the Miranda's internal voice, her conscience, recalling her that there is a woman who could be as Rohin's mother.

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Lahiri is a translator, and what I think is that she is the interpreter of those emotions and she put in words, she translates from feeling to words what those immigrant communities experience.

Writing style:

Much of the conflict is internal.

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The smashed pumpkin was an anticipation of the disaster in South Asia.

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The story is narrated in third person but in more concerned with Eliot's perspective. We mainly know how he sees the different situations.

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The candles.

The snow represents freezed emotions, that both of them are unable to express what they feel, and the melting of the snow is a sign that is time to say what they feel.