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Center of the cell body

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Center of the neuron

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Branches extending from the cell body

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Contains the nucleus and produces energy for the neuron

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Contains the genetic information of the neuron in the form of DNA

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Receive chemical messages via neurotransmitters from other neurons and transports them to the cell body of the neuron

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A long tube-like extension attached to the cell body

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Sends the electrical message (Action Potential) away from the cell body of the neuron

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Insulating layer of fat cells surrounding the axon of some neurons

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Fatty substance produced by glial cells that provides insulation and increases the SPEED of the electrical message (action potential)
*Deterioration of the myelin sheath leads to the loss of muscle control associated with the neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS)

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Regularly spaced gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon

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Enables ion-exchange resulting in the electrical message (action potential) jumping across gaps in what is called saltatory conduction.

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Small knob-like structures at the end of the axon

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Contains neurotransmitters in vesicles (sacs) to be released across the synapse.

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Tiny sacs located in the terminal buttons

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Responsible for storing and releasing neurotransmitters

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Extremely narrow space between the terminal button of the sending neuron and the receptor site of the receiving dendrite

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Location of neurotransmission
No physical contact between neurons

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Ends of the dendrites on the postsynaptic neuron

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Areas on the dendrite that receive neurotransmitters to initiate cell firing
Receptor sites are specifically designed for particular neurotransmitters