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Theme 1 Who Am I?

1. Who am I?

I'm a mother, wife, sister, and auntie.

2. Who do I pretend to be?

I pretend to be strong, unaffected by things, and always put together.

3. Who do people think I am?

People believe I am a good person. I would give anyone the shirt off my back if need be.

4. Who do I wish I could be?

I wish I could be like my mother a person with a forgiving heart. I hope to be half the parent she was to me.

5. How has race or ethnic identity played a role in any of these responses?

Race or ethnicity has not played a role in my response.

Theme 2: First Experience with Race

1. What was your first experience with race?

I never experienced racism in my life. I feel like everyone I have encountered so far has treated me fairly. I relate that to being fair skinned. When I straighten my hair I can "pass" for white.

2. How old were you? I was about 9 when I noticed my darker skinned family members were treated differently in public places.

3. What emotions do you associate with the experience?

This makes me sad and angry because it is unnecessary.

4. Have you ever talked about the experience?

I have not talked about the experience.

5. How have your early experiences with race shaped your worldview?

My early experiences with race helped me realize that even though it is not directly effecting me, many people struggle with race.

Theme 3: Positive Sense of Self

After contemplating the first two prompts and our unit content, what connections can be made between having a positive sense of self and our experiences with identity and race? Brainstorm regarding your thoughts on how these concepts are connected. For example, do you think someone who has a negative view of their sense of self can have a positive sense of ethnic identity? Would you assume that a person who identifies positively with African American Psychology might have a stronger or weaker sense of self or ethnic identity? Please explain why.

People that have a negative sense of self would not have a positive sense of ethnic identity. These types of people do not really know who they are so they wouldn't know how to treat others because they are uncomfortable within themselves.

A person who has a strong sense of African American Psychology would be in tune within themselves because they know who they are and how to maneuver through life and be comfortable around others.

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Theme 1 : Ubuntu

1. The concept of Ubuntu is uniquely African. After reading the assigned reading and analyzing the short video by Dr. Nelson Mandela, do you think that the spirit of Ubuntu is alive and well today in African American culture? Explain your answer and give an example as to why you have chosen your position.

Yes, I believe the spirit of Ubuntu is alive in today’s African Americans. African Americans do not have problems coming together to help each other out, and African Americans always support one another. For example, communities come together when someone's house catches fire. They will help with housing and food, give them phone numbers that will help them out, and even set up a GoFundMe so that the family has money to help them get through the hard time.

2. Compare and contrast in detail and provide examples of any parallels/similarities that you have been able to identify between African cultures and African American culture. Has this concept of Ubuntu changed your worldview at all? Explain.

One example of parallels between African cultures and African American culture is how they come together when you see on the news a child is missing in the neighborhood. Everyone in that city will get together and start searching high and low for the missing child with the parents, with no questions asked.

Theme 2 : 7 Concepts of Afrocentric Psychology

1. Choose and define the concept that you feel is most present in the African American community. Provide an example of how you have witnessed the concept you have chosen.

Spiritness is being full of life. The concept that I feel most present in the African-American community is spiritness. Spirits are because African Americans feel the power in their churches. They are not only places for worship but also for support. Many times, churchgoers can utilize the prayer line or the church Pantry. Many people in the African American community find power and strength in prayer.

2. Then, define and provide an example of the concept that you feel is least present in the African American community. Also, provide an example.

The concept I chose is veneration of the person. It is defined as having value for all life. I feel like this concept is least present in the African American community due to the lack of regard for human lite. An example of this is the Gang Violence that Plagues our community. There are many shootings that miss their intended target and hit an innocent bystander. If we had more regard for human life these unnecessary tragedies can be prevented.

Theme 3: 7 Principles of Nquzo Saba

Choose one of the 7 Principles of Nguzo Saba and define it on your Padlet. Then explain why it resonates with you and how you feel you have seen this value in action in the African American community. Provide an example.

The principle of Nguzo Saba I chose is Umoja. Umoja is defined as unity. This resonates with me because African Americans tend to Stick together and help each other. There is value in this action because when you need help, you know you have a positive support system ready to assist you. An example is when my neighbor and I take turns babysitting. On her off days, she babysits my son. On my off days I babysit her son.

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3.1 MULTIDIMENSIONS OF ETHNIC SELF IDEMTIFICATION

1. State your selections under the category of Natal Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

"Within the category of Natal Measures, I chose siblings and natural parents because I do not have a strong connection with them. This shaped my ethnic identity because I had to learn all of my ethnic attributes from other people.

2.State your selections under the category of Behavioral Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

"Within the category of Behavioral Measures, I chose music and clothing preferences and friendship patterns because I am most familiar with these. This shaped my ethnic identity because I have friends who look like me and experience similar situations. Clothing and Music have shaped my ethnic identity because these are hot topics in my culture. Music and fashion have shaped my ethnic identity because they help me express myself.

3.State your selections under the category of Subjective Measures and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

"Within the category of Subjective Measures, I chose Role models and preferred reference groups because they inspire me. This shaped my ethnic identity because it made me feel capable of anything. Seeing people who look like me thrive pushes me harder to succeed.

4.State your selections under the category of Situation-Contextual Measure and also state why you chose them. Provide examples.

"Within the category of Situation-Contextual, I chose home-family and religion because these are the most important things to me. Religion shaped my ethnic identity because I grew up in church. Being taught to pray and rely on God has been instilled. My home-family life has been shaped by ethnic identity because it helps me express my cultural heritage.

3.2 MULTI- GROUP ETHNIC IDENTITY MEASURE

1. My Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure score is (state score).

My Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure score is 42.

2. To me this score means that (state your analysis.)

This score means that I have a high sense of belonging and a deep connection to my ethnic community.

4. I think that this means that I have a (strong/week) bond with the (fill in ethnic group) because (state explanation.)

I am strongly bonded with the African American community because I scored well.

5. Explain anything that surprised you about this analysis?

I am surprised that I feel a strong sense of belonging to the African American community as I am adopted. I still share most African American traditions without them being passed down by my biological family.

3.3 ROSENBERG'S SELF ESTEEM SCALE

1. State your score after taking the Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. I received a score of 21 on the Rosenberg test.

2. State what your score means to you and your understanding of your self-esteem.is. Provide examples.

This score means that I fall within the average range of self-esteem. This means that I have an overall good feeling about myself. An example of this I speak beautiful affirmations to myself daily on my way to work.

1. State why you believe your score is the number that it is. Provide examples.

My score is 21 for various reasons for example; sometimes I need more support regarding my schoolwork. I have been out of an educational setting for over ten years. I make very minor mistakes, and they affect my self-esteem. Another example is that I have a high level of self-esteem about myself. I respect myself. I do not let myself get into situations or relationships that don't serve me.

3.4 RACIAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT

1. State your stage of Racial Identity Development (they are in bold on the summary document provided).

Immersion/emersion

2. State why you think that you are in the stage that you identified.

The reason I feel like I am in this stage is because growing up I was never fully educated about the black culture just gave surface level information. The information provided to me was about Malcolm X, Martin Luther King and Harriet Tubman. I am still educating myself.

3. Provide an example of how you know that you have passed through all the previous stages.

For the stage of pre-encounter I know the difference between White is right and black is wrong. I have the knowledge to know that no race is superior to the other. I was told to never let anyone make me feel like I couldn't do anything I put my mind to because of the color of my skin. With encounter as stated before I never really had a personal encounter but I have heard stories from my friends of being accused of looking as if they were stealing from the store when their attention was to buy.

4. State one thing that you learned from this process.

One thing that I have learned from this process is that I really do not know my history in-depth. I have to do a lot more research to be able to keep education myself.

3.5 FIND YOUR RACIAL IDENTITY RESOURCE

You will post your identity resource to your Padlet and explain, on your Padlet, why the resource is important to you. You will also include/reference this resource and information in your essay.

My research is on Maya Angelou Phenomenal Woman the reason I choose this poem is because it makes you feel like no matter what you can do anything. When Maya Angelou states "It's in the reach of my arms the span of my hips, the stride of my step, the curl of my lips. I'm a woman Phenomenally, Phenomenal woman, that's me." This part alone empowers me so much. I felt like when she spoke she was speaking directly to my soul. This poem lets you know that no matter your size or beauty you are that Woman period. Your confidence makes you beautiful the way you hold your head up high.

https://youtu.be/VeFfhH83_RE?si=dFdDrltPW-lKZdYh

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Listen: Dr. Maya Angelou Recites Her Poem "Phenomenal Woman" | SuperSoul Sunday | OWN

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Theme one: Type of Racism

1. Please post a response to the google slide above. What types racism from slide 2 have you seen in the world? What examples from slide 3 have you seen in the world?

The types of racism that I see in the world from slide two are individual racism and cultural racism. I have seen many people who look like me experience individual racism. An example is my neighbor crossing the street when she sees me coming, even though we have been neighbors for five years. An example of cultural racism is Eurocentrism. Eurocentrism is very prominent in the United States and across the globe. Eurocentric features such as straight hair are held as a beauty standard worldwide. On slide three, examples I see are Internalized Racism and Internalized Racial Inferiority. An example of internalized racism is African Americans having the notion that lighter skin is more beautiful than darker skin. An example of internalized racial inferiority is an African American person feeling inadequate strictly because they are African American.

2. The chapter reading, do you think that we live in a post-racial society? Please state why or why not.

No, I do not believe we live in a post-racial society. There are many reasons as to why I think this. First, African Americans still face racial inequality. We are not equal to white people regarding healthcare, economics, or criminality. There is a significant disparity that disproportionately affects people of color. Secondly, African Americans still face racism and discrimination in our everyday life. We all face bias from the workplace to school to even the grocery store. Lastly, we are not represented correctly in the media. Often, African American characters are stereotypical and do not display us clearly and with respect.

3. What is your personal definition of race and do you think that race is a social construct, a biological construct or something else? Please explain your reasoning.

I define race as the physical features of a person’s DNA. As well as ancestral ties to a specific group. Race is feeble because things that determine race are physical features. I think race is a social construct because there is not one universal meaning for race. In some places in South America, some African Americans would be Black, and some may be of “mixed race. Whereas in the United States, Black is a blanket term for everyone who claims African lineage.

4.Search and find one resource regarding race being a social or biological concept and post it to your Padlet. State its significance and if you agree or disagree with the resource based on your definition of race.

4The resource I found is a TedTalk video by Tammy Hodo. The link is here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4jPGhN5TCM. I agree with this video because Tammy and I both cite similar things such as physical characteristics of race and having common ancestral lineage.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. State its significance.

One thing that stood out to me is that African Americans are still living in a racist society. Many people believe that since we are out of the Jim Crow era, racism is dead; it is, in fact, alive and well. Racism is ingrained into our society and our laws. This is significant because African Americans still face inequalities every day in multiple areas.

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1. From the reading, what do you think makes the Black family unique? Please provide descriptive examples.

I think black families are unique because they always respect older people in the community by calling them auntie, uncle, grandma, and grandpa.

2. What do you think are the strengths and challenges of the Black family? Please state why you think so and provide examples.

One of the strengths of black families is how we come together for birthday anniversaries, family reunions, church events, and all major holidays like Christmas. One of the challenges that black families face is most of them rely on a single income.

3. How do concepts such as racial socialization affect parents and children in Black families? Please explain.

Racial socialization affects parents because they are the ones who have to teach their children about racial identity. Parents are the ones that have to teach their children about their history and who they are.  Racial socialization affects children's education. It also helps children to deal with racism. It will help them in the real world.

4. Based on our reading, what factors do you think have impacted Black families the most since slavery and why?

What impacted black families the most since slavery was that black families did not have unity, causing many to struggle. Single-parent households impact many black families. Also, black families were affected by employment discrimination, and there were fewer job opportunities.

5. Search and find one academic resource that helps you understand this topic better and post it to your Padlet. State three main points from the resource and how it helps you understand this topic.

https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2022/04/14/race-is-central-to-identity-for-black-americans-and-affects-how-they-connect-with-each-other/
54% of most Black Americans feel being Black is important. Most Black people say that being Black is a significant detail of how they see themselves. Also, African Americans who say being African American is vital to them are most likely to learn about their past relatives from their current relatives. About half of African Americans say that all of their fates strongly connect with other African Americans in the United States. It helps to understand more about his topic of how African Americans see themselves and who they are

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit. State its significance.

One thing that stood out from reading is how African families stayed strong despite the separation. Africans have always maintained a strong bond with the kinship system.

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Race Is Central to Identity for Black Americans and Affects How They Connect With Each Other

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Many Black Americans say they learn about their ancestors and U.S. Black history from family.

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https://youtu.be/VeFfhH83_RE

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Theme two: The Imposter Syndrome and Women of Color in the Workplace

1. What is the Imposter Syndrome?

Imposter Syndrome is the inability to absorb one's accomplishments and the persistent fear of being accused of fraud.

2. How does the Imposter Syndrome affect a student's educational journey AND career experiences?

In many ways, Imposter Syndrome affects a student's college and career experiences. One way is that the person always has a fear of failure. Additionally, this fear of failure becomes apparent when their self-confidence drops.

3. How does the Imposter Syndrome specifically affect the self-esteem and mental health of African American women in the workplace?

The Imposter Syndrome affects the self-esteem and mental health of African American women in many ways as well. African American women already face discrimination and microaggressions in the workplace. There is also a sense of self-doubt due to the stereotypes revolving around African Americans as a whole. This can lead to a decline in self-esteem due to constantly questioning themselves. As well as, their mental health may decline if they are always worried and on edge.

4. How do race and gender play into the African American woman's experience in the workplace?

There is a lack of representation for us African Americans to begin with. This intersectionality of being an African American and a woman makes us a double minority. This affects our experience in the workplace due to stereotypes. We are expected to dim our light to feel comfortable or often judged by our work performance and our personal lives.

5. State one strategy that would successfully address this issue and improve the workplace for women of color.

One strategy I would introduce is to mandate that leadership roles be inclusive. Seeing is believing, and if we had more roles filled by people of color, especially women, some of this workplace bias could be rectified.

6. State one thing you learned or one that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit.

One thing that stood out to me is that women of color face an intersectionality unique to them. If you add on a physical or mental handicap or perhaps a sexual orientation other than straight, it adds to this intersectionality.

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 7.6 Intersectionality, Bias and Microaggressions

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 7.6 Intersectionality, Bias and Microaggressions

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1. What would you say are the psychological consequences of experiencing subconscious racial slights as a person of color?

One psychological consequence of experiencing subconscious racial slights is psychological disorders like depression and anxiety. These situations can cause unnecessary worry and stress. This goes hand in hand with acquiring PTSD due to racism. People of color are consciously and unconsciously worried about being in or witnessing racial trauma. Another psychological consequence of experiencing subconscious racial slights is low self-esteem. One can begin to feel like it is the individual with the problem, not the group's race.

2. What stereotypes are perpetuated when racial microaggressions are thrown around towards a person of color?

One stereotype perpetuated when microaggressions are thrown around is intellect or lack thereof. I have been told multiple times that I am smart for an African American. I find this exceptionally disrespectful because I am intelligent, period. It has nothing to do with race. Another stereotype that is perpetuated when microaggressions are thrown around is Anger. African Americans are automatically expected to lash out and get angry as if Anger is not a human emotion.

3.Considering Intersectionality, what other issues does this theme affect in the African American community?

Gender intersectionality is an issue because African American women are expected to be strong. Men are expected to be overly masculine and aggressive. African Americans who identify as LGBTQA+ face racism and homophobia. The African American community has homophobia intertwined in our community, making this extremely difficult. African Americans who are disabled face ableism and racism. Also, African Americans discriminate against other African Americans due to the complexion of their skin. These issues make being an African American harder than it already is.

4.State how these theories of intersectionality, racial microaggressions, bias or white privilege affect one's understanding of "sense of self" or ethnic identity?

Theories of intersectionality, racial microaggressions, bias, or white privilege affect one's understanding of "sense of self" or ethnic identity by shaping their sense of community and self. White privilege may lead to African Americans feeling like they do not belong here or anywhere. Internalized racism can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. This is true for microaggressions as well. Repeatedly being exposed to this type of behavior can cause one to adopt these beliefs themselves.

5.Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.

The resource I found is a youtube video. It is a Ted Talk entitled “The Urgency Of Intersectionality” by Kimberlé Crenshaw. This is important because it highlights the various forms of oppression and discrimination people of color face. It gives a more detailed personal account that will stick with my classmates.https://youtu.be/akOe5-UsQ2o?si=6n9oYkbEej7-v_lM

6.State a strategy that you feel can be successful to address the use of microaggressions especially when the offender is unaware of how their reactions affect people of color.

The best strategy I can come up with to combat microaggressions is to educate the offender, especially when they are unaware so that the behavior will not continue. Let them know that it is offensive, and respectfully explain the reasoning.

7.State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit.

One thing I learned is that intersectionality makes life complex. Many people of color have their race and other reasons for being discriminated against.

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The urgency of intersectionality | Kimberlé Crenshaw | TED

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9.5 Thesis, Direction and Resources for Critical Analysis Project

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9.5 Thesis, Direction and Resources for Critical Analysis Project

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Copy of _Psych 110_ Resources and Questions for Critical Analysis Project  (1)

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 9.6 Self-Reflection SWOT Analysis of Neighborhoods and Communities

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 9.6 Self-Reflection SWOT Analysis of Neighborhoods and Communities

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1. STRENGTHS: What are the strengths of Black neighborhoods and communities and how have they manifested over time?

Black neighborhoods and communities have faced many challenges, including gangs, violence, drugs, abuse, and systemic oppression. Despite these challenges, we have illustrated strength and resilience. This perseverance allowed us to transform their struggles into many different creative expressions. Poetry, music, and art are all outlets that African Americans use to express themselves.

2. WEAKNESSES: What are the weaknesses of Black neighborhoods and communities and state one solution to an issue you have raised?

One weakness in the African American community is a lack of unity. A unified front is imperative for addressing the systemic issues that affect African Americans and their communities. Many community members need help with financial literacy, which hinders their ability to invest and save effectively. One solution to this issue is to use economic empowerment to our advantage. If African Americans spend money at black-owned businesses, that money will go directly back into the community. If African American dollars are spent in the community where they live, the tax revenue will help the community flourish as a whole.

3. OPPORTUNITIES: What are three ways in which Black neighborhoods and communities could play a role in the progressive movement of the Black community?

There are many ways Black neighborhoods and communities could play a role in the progressive movement of the African American community. The first way is speaking up: This stimulates the community members to voice their concerns and report issues when they arise. This encourages greater awareness and action regarding community challenges. Another way is to be more engaged with African American youth. If the youth are actively involved in conversations and initiatives, it will ensure a better future for future generations. This builds a sense of responsibility and empowerment, ensuring that the next generation after them is also informed and engaged. The last way is to support other African Americans. Building a culture of support within the African American community and neighborhoods can strengthen the community as a whole. This creates interpersonal connections and fosters an environment where members help and uplift one another.

4. THREATS: What are three ways in which Black neighborhoods and communities could have a detrimental effect on the progressive movement of the Black community?

Three ways Black neighborhoods and communities could have a detrimental effect on the progressive movement of the Black community are violence, disunity, and educational disparities. The first way the levels of violence and crime can create an environment filled with fear. This blocks individuals from participating in community activities and initiatives. Secondly, the lack of a united front can weaken power, making it difficult to enact meaningful change or demand resources to help the community. Lastly, inadequate access to quality education limits personal and community growth opportunities. This also encourages and preserves the cycles of disadvantage and oppression in the African American community.

5.Find one resource that helps you understand these themes and post it to your Padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material.

One resource I found is a YouTube video explaining how African Americans were unified before integration. African Americans helped to support and build each other up. We could not rely on the white man for assistance, so we leaned on each other. This is significant to this unit because it proves that African Americans can successfully unify.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ygVeXTzLHg

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit.

One thing I learned is that the lack of unity in the African American community is detrimental to us all. If we all can come together despite our differences, we can enact meaningful change. This will create a safer, more healthy community for generations to come.

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1. State the most important thing that you learned from this unit's readings and how it has deepened your understanding of Black male and female interpersonal and close relationships. The most important thing I learned in this unit is the portrayal of African Americans in the media has an effect on how we view ourselves and others.

2. How do longstanding stereotypes in the media of African American females being portrayed as property (i.e. in rap videos etc.) affect the psyche of those seeing these images and the African American woman's dating? These stereotypes affect African American women in dating life due to being compared to the women in the video. It seems as if men are expecting us to have unrealistic bodies and hair. These women are often half-naked, while men rap regular lyrics. When we do not live up to this video vixen facade, we are labeled unworthy. The women may see these video vixens and compare themselves to the women in the media.

3.What factors are contributing to the rising number of single Black unmarried females? There are many factors that contribute to the rising number of single black unmarried females. One factor is that most African Americans statistically make more money than their male equivalent. Additionally, African American women are often more educated as well. Another factor is that African American women are hyper-independent. We rely on ourselves to get things done. The last thing that should be mentioned is that African American males are incarcerated more than any other group. This can make dating hard within our race as most of our males are in institutions.

4.. Why is there a stigma in the African American community against the LGBTQ community? Most African Americans have a stigma against the LGBTQA+ community due to religion. Most African Americans are Christian or Muslim. Some are even Hebrew Israelites. All of these religions frown upon homosexuality. Homosexuality is one of the ten commandments in the Bible.  African Americans tend to hide behind their religion to spew intolerance.

5. Find one resource that helps you understand these themes and post it to your padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material.

The resource I found is a YouTube video. It details how queer African American men have shaped history. This is significant to this unit because it highlights how African Americans can persevere through times of adversity. It also highlights how double minorities are still vital pieces in today’s society. https://youtu.be/0YT3feUhR44?si=jbRnrjC-a0P1eaWX

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How Black Queer Culture Shaped History | Channing Gerard Joseph | TED

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11.5 Theme two: The Language of African American Vernacular English

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11.5 Theme two: The Language of African American Vernacular English

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1. What is the difference between Standard American English and Ebonics/African American Vernacular English?

Standard American English is what is typically taught in schools. Ebonics are those exact terms, but African Americans use them. An example of an ebonics term is “Finna.” In Standard American English, it would be about to.

2. How is speaking in Ebonics/African American Vernacular English in the educational classroom traditionally viewed?

This is traditionally frowned upon. Teachers typically discourage using slang or ebonics in the classroom. It is generally seen as something other than professional, so it is discouraged.

3. How can the strengths of dual language speakers be utilized to empower students in the classroom?

This can be used to empower other students because it can be used to connect. If a child finds another child who speaks like them, this can be seen as community.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.

Enslaved Africans were not permitted to learn to read or write. They knew the language best, so some words were similar. This sheds light on the reasoning as to why ebonics is essential as a whole.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQNiE6QjT8I\

5. State one strategy that you think could be implemented to counter the negative stereotypes associated with speaking Ebonics or African American Vernacular English as identified in the video and reading.

If teachers stopped frowning upon Ebonics, that would help. Children learn many foreign languages, but Ebonics needs to be more professional.

6. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading, or audio material in this unit.

One thing I learned is that ebonics has a name. I did not know African American Vernacular English was a thing.

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African American Vernacular English (Ebonics)

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12.4 Theme Three: Similarities of Religious Practices

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12.4 Theme Three: Similarities of Religious Practices

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1. State at least three similarities that you can identify between African American religious practices and African religious practices.

One similarity between African American and African religious practices is their prayer. In African religions, it may be related to ancestors or otherworldly figures. In African American religion, it is typically God. Many Christians pray and talk to Jesus.

Another similarity between African American and African religious practices is that they value community and gathering to worship. Many African Americans mingle at church. They often attend conferences or join the church itself to fellowship. Church is prioritized in the Christian African American community. In church, people typically sing, dance, and yell. In this community, you must show up on Sundays and read your bible. In African communities, people gather to worship, pray, and dance.

The last similarity between African American and African religious practices is that song and dance are used. Gospel music is trendy in the African American community. These songs often uplift listeners in times of sorrow. In the African community, songs and dances honor our ancestors. This music may be to give thanks or for more ceremonial events such as funerals or weddings. Nature also plays a huge role in African religion.

2. State at least three differences that you can identify between African American religious practices and African religious practices. One key difference is that Africans typically worship their ancestors. This is not a common practice in the African American community.

Another critical difference is Africans can worship alone or in a group. African Americans typically worship together. Prayer is often done solo in the African American community. However, some churches offer prayer lines for group prayer, even though this is not typical.

The last difference is that African American Christianity, for example, praises one God. In traditional African religion, people praise multiple Gods, deities, ancestors, and even nature
3. Give an example of how the history of slavery affected the religious practices of African Americans. Before slavery, enslaved Africans were not Christian. Africans worshiped deities, nature, and our ancestors. When my ancestors arrived here, they were forced to convert to Christianity. It never made sense to me how enslaved people and enslavers could worship the same God. These are two entities that have opposing goals. This is what led me to believe Christianity was a means to control enslaved people.

4. Please locate a resource that helps you understand this theme. Analyze the resource and state the most important thing you learned from it about this topic. The resource I found is this YouTube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kXJdX4kNyw

The most important thing I learned is that the bible was translated from Hebrew and Greek. I did not know the bible had these roots.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit.

One thing that stood out to me is that African American Christianity took a lot of traditional African practices.

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Professor Breaks Down African Spirituality, Corruption, and Religion in Africa

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13.4 African American Birth Discrepancies

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13.4 African American Birth Discrepancies

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1. After reading this Washington Post articleLinks to an external site., can you explain why there are disparities between the amount of pain medication an African American woman would receive compared to other women in the same hospital complaining of pain?

Disparities in pain medication for African American women compared to any other woman in the hospital are because it could be that health providers undervalue the pain levels of an African American patient. Health providers do not listen when African Americans tell them something is wrong; instead of listening to us, they do what they want to do.

2. What factors are contributing to the disproportionate number of African American infants who die in childbirth and African American mothers who die in childbirth?

One of the factors that contribute to the disproportionate number of African American infants who die in childbirth and African American mothers who die in childbirth is racism. The mother and the child do not get the proper treatment they need. It gets overlooked.

3. What are some solutions that can be implemented to improve the experiences of African American mothers giving birth and African American infant survival rates?

Solutions that can be implemented to improve experiences for African American mothers who are giving birth to make sure that proper medical treatments, medication, and programs are expected for families that are without insurance. Also, to make sure that African American mothers and African American infants are getting regular screening and make sure that African American Mothers are getting all the education that they need to know.

4. Find one resource that helps you understand this theme and post it to your Padlet. State the resources' significance to this unit's material.

The article helps me to understand that racism, not race, is killing America's Black mothers and babies. Also, Black Women are four times more likely to experience death in pregnancy than white women. https://ccp.jhu.edu/2021/05/17/maternal-mortality-black-mamas-race-momnibus/?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQiAuou6BhDhARIsAIfgrn7b

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading, optional reading or audio material in this unit.

One thing that stood out to me is always listening to your body, speaking up, letting the doctors know, and not letting them tell you anything.

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Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs

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Black Maternal Mortality: ‘It’s not Race, it’s Racism’

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In Maryland, Black women are four times more likely to experience a pregnancy-related death than white women.

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14.5 Theme One: Minority Health Disparities

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14.5 Theme One: Minority Health Disparities

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1. What are the outcomes of institutionally racist policy choices that exclude the needs of low-income minorities in the health care system?

Institutionally racist policies in the low /income minorities make it hard for people to acquire care. These systems only exuberate an already fragile community. Some people do not have insurance. Others do not have reliable form transportation to the hospitals or even appointments.

2. How does the intersectionality of the unconscious bias, distrust in the healthcare system, lack of health insurance and lack of health education affect the African American community?

The intersectionality of unconscious bias, distrust in healthcare, lack of health insurance, and lack of health education affect the African American community in many ways by being misdiagnosed. African Americans have an unconscious bias because we have faced a lot of bias from doctors not wanting to hear us out and just wanting to do what they want them to do. African Americans have always had difficulty trusting doctors because of that. I feel like the reason African Americans lack health insurance is some cannot afford it because it's too expensive, and that has led to not being able to get a good doctor or even seen by one because African Americans are scared. Another is the lack of education. The African American community didn't know what foods were wrong to eat.

3. State THREE strategies that you feel can address the issues raised in questions one and two?

1.) Challenge racist policies at their core to enact specific tangible change.

2.)Inform the public about essential healthcare services and their location.

This is especially true in low and income & minority neighborhoods.

3.) Make healthcare accessible to those who are bed or housebound.

4. Search online for a resource that helps you understand this topic more and post it to your Padlet. State why the resource shines some light on a perspective of this issue.

Mobile Clinic Brings Healthcare to Low-Income Communities

This resource is helpful because it helps bridge the gap between care and the community.

5. State one thing that you learned or one thing that stood out to you from the unit required reading or audio material in this unit.

I learned that health care is very disparate, especially in impoverished areas.

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Mobile Clinic Brings Healthcare to Low-Income Communities

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[Untitled Thu Dec 12 2024 20:31:51 GMT-0800 (Pacific Standard Time)]

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[Untitled Thu Dec 12 2024 20:31:51 GMT-0800 (Pacific Standard Time)]