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It's almost impossible for us to imagine what it might be like for kids not to have a childhood. But believe it or not, for most of human history, there was no such thing.

Up until a few years ago, being a kid tended to be brutal.

1.Because medicine was minimal, and public health was almost non-existent for most of Western history,  lots of babies never made it out of infancy. And if they did, well, that's when things really started to get hard.

2.You see, from the ancient world until around the 1600s, kids were basically considered to be small adults, who needed to learn the ways of the world as fast as possible. In fact, you can see this in lots of medieval art, where kids tend to look like mini adults rather than children. It wasn't so much that medieval parents were extra mean. It's just that people at the time didn't really understand the concept of being a kid. For instance, most people in the Western world at the time believed that newborns were actually evil. Yikes.

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Write about things in the past.

Use Simple Past Tense + Verb2

5 sentences - 10 sentences.

Bold and italic the verb 2

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While the first devices that could (maybe) be called smartphones began to appear in the early 1990s, they weren’t much more than curiosities in tech magazines. Also, back then, cellphones were big, chunky, and heavy. Adding a mini-PC to it with 1990s technology would result in something so unwieldy that only the hardest-core tech geeks would want one.

I was already a pilot and was operating a small business on the side. Both of those occupations cried out desperately for a small, portable electronic organizer, and, hopefully, something that could run a few simple programs. note: programs are what we old-timers called apps way back then. :)

1997 saw the introduction of the Palm Pilot. This was the first widely-available, reasonably user-friendly PDA, although I don’t think that the term “PDA” had been invented yet… we just called them “Palms” or “Pocket Computers.” Just a few years later, in 2000, the Ipaq was introduced. We started calling them PDAs and my Palm went into a desk drawer, never to be seen again.

Were smartphones popular in the ‘90s?

Source: https://www.quora.com/Were-smartphones-popular-in-the-90s

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School Facilities in the old days.

In the olden days students didn't have desks or chais. So they sat on rough wooden benches all day for their lessons.

Children at all ages were also grouped in one room of schoolhouses. Students in the 1800s had very limited supplies and space to learn. Some parents couldn't afford to purchase their children learning materials. When pencils weren’t being used, pens fashioned out of quills from bird feathers were sharpened to a point and dipped in ink for writing. Slate boards and chalk were also common school supplies in early schoolrooms and erasers were made of sheepskin.There was no transportation to get to school. Most children walked to get to school. Some school may be far and some of them may be near.

GOING TO SCHOOL IN THE OLDEN DAYS. (n.d.)

https://www.mtghawkesbay.com/assets/Uploads/PP-OLDEN-DAY-SCHOOLING-For-website.pdf

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In the past, children had a lot of chores. When they were free, they created their own toys or games. According to Noah Webster House (n.d.),"Children might have to carry wood or water, husk corn, gather berries, lead oxen, card wool, gather eggs or churn butter." However, the children still didn't have enough time to play because they still needed to go to school which was very far from their house.

Kid's Corner. (n.d.).Colonial Fun. Noah Webster House.https://noahwebsterhouse.org/colonialfun/#:~:text=Children%20might%20have%20to%20carry,the%20time%20go%20by%20faster.

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Family Life in the 17th and 18th centuries

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During the 17th and 18th centuries, women were responsible for running the household, and for more affluent families, managing the servants. Women, or mothers, were also responsible for raising and educating their children. In addition, they were responsible for cooking and feeding the family. Women were expected to tend the garden, cook for the family, take care of the children, and see that their husbands’ needs were met. Typically, most mothers had up to eight children, in hopes that some would survive the high infant and child mortality rates and be able to work for the family. The average life expectancy in England was about 39-40 years old. Men were usually in charge of all the finances involved in the household and did most of the work to financially support the family. It was common for a man to be well educated and have work outside of the household. He was the owner of all the property and monetary values in the household and women rarely spoke against or divorced their husband.

Social and Family Life in the Late17th & Early 18th Centuries. (n.d). University Of Delaware. https://sites.udel.edu/britlitwiki/social-and-family-life-in-the-late17th-early-18th-centuries/

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In the past, music was produced using very simple instruments, such as cello, viola, tuba and trumpet. There were many other instruments but these are the most important ones. The genre was very clear to hear and identifiable since they didn’t mix genres in a song that much. The songs heavily depended on melody and composers took a long time to create it. Producing a song could take several years at that time. The 60’s was a massive rise of popular music styles such as jazz, pop, and folk music. In the 80’s a television network about music called MTV popularized many artists we all know till this day and also helped bring rap music to the mainstream.

https://voiceskopje.org/2022/09/30/music-past-and-present/#:~:text=Nowadays%2C%20musicians%20can%20fit%20different,impossible%20to%20identify%20them%20apart.&text=Old%20songs%20heavily%20depended%20on,to%20compose%20their%20new%20song.

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Not one day goes by that you haven't heard at least 1 song on radio or another device. But what are the differences between the music in the 60's, 80's, 00's and now? Music can be like a therapy, there are different styles, genres and feelings in music. But music also has the capability to entertain, educate and inform. Of course, the music in the 60s isn't the same as it is now, there are a lot of differences made through the years.
The use of instruments

The "old" music was produced using very simple instruments, such as cello, viola, tuba and trumpet. Of course, there were many other instruments, but these are the most important ones. In these days, you can just open a computer program and put a few sounds in it and the program will mix them together to create a completely new sound. This had led to a new area in music, you don't need a musical education, you only need a feeling for music. These days we still use musical instruments, and we like them, but electronic music is more and more a thing.

Genre

Back in the days, the genre was very clear to hear and to tell which genre it is. There was either western or Indian, but not the combination. Nowadays, musicians can fit different genres together, so it is impossible to identify them apart.

Method of creation

Old songs heavily depended on melody; the composers took their time to create their own specific music. Making a new song could take several years. Now, the composers often only take a few hours to compose their new song. This is possible thanks to our current knowledge of technology. While we can convincingly say the old songs are a lot better in terms of quality than the new songs, there are a lot of songs of bad quality be it old or new. It's up to us what we choose to hear and enjoy.

Music in the 60's

In the 60's there was a massive rise of popular music styles. In the 50's there was the beginning of rock music. But several years later, in the 60's there were new popular styles, such as jazz, pop and folk music. Folk music was reborn in the 60's thanks to several performers who wanted to rescue the musical form from what they saw it was. Bob Dylan, Joan Baez and the group Peter, Paul and Mary adopted folk styles. They played simple musical arrangements on acoustic instruments, but the songs were filled with political commentary on contemporary issues. Their songs addressed the problems of the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War. As the decade continued, folk music merged into folk-rock as performers used electrified instruments and more sophisticated songwriting. The starters of this genre were Bob Dylan and the group Simon and Garfunkel. But rock and roll music was dominated by one group: The Beatles.

Music in the 80's

The biggest news about music in the 80's is probably the coming of a television network about music, called MTV. The cable channel soon made the music video very popular and essential. Almost single-handedly, MTV made stars of names all of us know these days, such as Michael Jackson, Madonna and Duran Duran. It also helped bring rap music to the mainstream. The single best-known performer was Michael Jackson. His 1983 album Thriller, with its singles 'Billy Jean' and 'Beat It', made the former child star a millionaire. Other famous names in the 80's are Whitney Houston, Prince and Bruce Springsteen. Springsteen's song 'Born in the USA' became an alternative national anthem after its release in 1984.

Music in the 00's

In the 00's there was a massive rise of other genres, such as classical, country, hip hop and Latin. Also new bands were formed that you may have heard of! Do you know the bands Art of Noise, Color Me Bad, Kid Dynamite and Rage Against The Machine? Yes? These are just a few examples. This year was also the peak of CD sales in the United States. For the young kids, a CD (Compact Disc) is a digital optical disc data storage to store and play digital audio recordings.

Music now These days the most popular genres are still classical, country, electronic, jazz, Latin, heavy metal, hip hop and rock. The most popular artists still make music and are played daily on one of the many radio stations in the world. Names such as Taylor Swift, The Weeknd, Maroon 5, Bruno Mars and Ed Sheeran. These names ring a bell, I presume.

Robin Lambrechts

Sources:
Medium.com: Taking a Look At The Differences Between Old And New Music
Encyclopedia: 1960s Music
Encyclopedia: 1980s Music
Wikipedia: 2000 in Music
Wikipedia: 2020 in Music
Wikipedia: Compact Disc

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Not one day goes by that you haven't heard at least 1 song on radio or another device. But what are the differences between the music in the 60's, 80's, 00's and now? Music can be like a therapy, t...

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In the 1700s, Men had to wear a three-piece silk or wool suit (coat, or justaucorps, waistcoat, and breeches), with a beautiful detailed cut and fit over the course. Women had to wear a silk or cotton gown, usually open down the front but sometimes closed, over a matching petticoat that was an integral part of the ensemble. Silk designs, especially those for women’s dress always changed during the century, and each decade presents a particular treatment of everlasting popular floral and foliate motifs. The fashionable male and female silhouettes at the end of the seventeenth century determined into the first decade of the eighteenth. The hoop-petticoat, or panier, that would precised the expansive shape of women’s dress for most of the century, appeared in England at the end of the first decade and immediately pictured negative commentary that would increase significantly as women across the socio-economic spectrum adopted this all-important form of understructure.

Majer, Michele. (2020). 1700-1709. Fashion History Timeline. https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/1700-1709/

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In the 1960s, many African Americans faced big problems with racism and discrimination. They held protests and marches to ask for equal rights. Leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. inspired a lot of people to join the fight for justice. Activists worked hard to get their voices heard and raised awareness about the issues they faced. Many individuals stood up for a better future believing that change was possible.

Back then segregation was completely natural and was depicted in schools and restaurants as well as in other public establishments African Americans dealt with unfair treatment and suffered from discrimination in their daily lives. They often struggled to find good jobs and received lower wages than their white counterparts. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 changed some laws, but the fight for equality wasn't over. Many people continued to protest and demanded justice.

During this time, famous events like the March on Washington brought together thousands of supporters. People remembered those who fought for freedom and equality, and their courage motivated others. The efforts of these activists shaped the world we live in today, creating a path for future generations to follow. Their legacy reminds us that fighting for justice is important, and it encourages us to keep working for a better society.

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Charles Babbage was the inventor of the computer in 1822 from England. The history of computers in their development is divided into 5 generations starting in 1940. In the First Generation, computers began to develop in World War II and were developed by countries that needed them for war. In 1959 to 1965, computers had a weakness, namely that computer machines heated up quickly and risked damaging other machines. In 1965 to 1971, computers were further developed with operating systems that could run many different programs simultaneously. Over time, from 1971 to 1980, computers could be connected in a network, which later became the beginning of the development of the internet. In the fifth generation, Japan pioneered the development of computers by starting to use PC standards. Companies that are considered experts in the development of this computer are Intel and Microsoft. This latest generation is considered the pentium generation because of its use as one of the most advanced microprocessors.

https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-6964948/sejarah-komputer-dari-generasi-ke-generasi-siapa-penemunya#:~:text=Perkembangan%20komputer%20pertama%20kali%20dipelopori,untuk%20memecahkan%20kode%20rahasia%20Jerman.

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In 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first human to ever land on the moon. He said the famous words, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind". After the landing, astronauts collected samples from the moon's surface and brought them back to earth for scientists to study the moon and the solar system further. The Apollo 11 mission lasted about eight days in total. Many people around the world watched the event live on television, celebrating this historic achievement.

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1. Landline Phones: The first telephones were invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. Early phones were mechanical devices with a separate transmitter and receiver. These were connected through a network of wires, and people had to use a switchboard operator to connect their calls.

2. Rotary Phones: In the early 20th century, rotary dial phones became popular. These phones had a rotary dial that you turned to dial numbers. They were connected to the phone network via a landline.

3. Push-Button Phones: In the 1960s, push-button phones, also known as touch-tone phones, were introduced. They replaced the rotary dial with a keypad and made dialing much faster and more convenient.

4. Cordless Phones: By the 1980s, cordless phones became common. They allowed users to move around their home while talking, though they still relied on a base unit connected to the landline.

5. Mobile Phones: The first mobile phones, or cell phones, appeared in the 1970s but were bulky and expensive. The 1990s saw the advent of smaller, more affordable mobile phones. These early models could make calls and send text messages but had limited features compared to today's smartphones.

6. Smartphones: In the 2000s, smartphones began to dominate. The introduction of the iPhone in 2007 revolutionized the industry with its touch screen, internet capabilities, and app ecosystem. Smartphones now serve as multifunctional devices that include communication, photography, navigation, and much more.

7. Modern Innovations: Today’s phones are incredibly advanced, with features like facial recognition, high-resolution cameras, and powerful processors. They continue to evolve with advancements in technology, such as 5G connectivity and foldable screens.

Each stage of development in phone technology has made communication easier, more convenient, and more integrated into our daily lives.

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In 1969, astronauts landed on the Moon for the first time. Neil Armstrong took his famous first step and said the iconic words, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” The mission was a remarkable achievement in space exploration. Before this, the space race had been intense, with the United States and the Soviet Union competing to reach space milestones. This event marked a significant moment in history and inspired future generations to look towards the stars.

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Before wheels was made of rubber, wooden wheels was fitted with a metal hoop around the outer edge so that the wheels could last longer. To made things more easy to fit, the metal hoop was heated so it would made them expanded.

The big wheels made of thick wooden planks were heavy. So people 4.000 years ago found out how to made a much lighter wheels. The rim was joined to the middle wheel by thin rods that was called spokes.