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Tóm tắt các loại câu điều kiện và cách sử dụng.

Câu điều kiện loại 0

If + S + V(s/es), s+ V(s/es)/ câu mệnh lệnh

Ví dụ:

If you heat ice, it turns into water.(Nếu bạn đun nóng đá, nó hóa thành nước)

Cách dùng: Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển nhiên

Câu điều kiên loại 1

If + S + V(s/es), S + will/ can/ shall ... + V nguyên thể

Ví dụ:

If I get good mark, my parents will be very happy. (Nếu tôi đạt điểm tốt, bố mẹ tôi sẽ rất vui)

Cách dùng: Diễn tả điều có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Câu điều kiện loại 2

If + S + V2/ Ved, S + would/ could/ should ...+ V nguyên thể

Ví dụ:

If I were a billionaire, I would travel around the world. (I am not a billionaire.)

(Nếu tôi là một tỉ phú, tôi sẽ đi du lịch khắp thế giới.) (tôi không phải là một tỉ phú.)

Cách dùng: Diễn tả điều không có thật ở hiện tại

Câu điều kiên loại 3

If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could + have + V3/Ved

Ví dụ:

If she had passed the exam, she would have had a new computer. (She didn’t pass the exam.)

(Nếu cô ấy vượt qua kỳ thi, cô ấy sẽ có một chiếc máy tính mới.) (Cô ấy không vượt qua kỳ thi.)

Cách dùng: Diễn tả điều không có thật trong quá khứ

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1

If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + V nguyên thể

Ví dụ:

If you had sent the letter yesterday, I would receive it today. (You didn’t sent the letter yesterday.)(Nếu bạn đã gửi thư ngày hôm qua, tôi sẽ nhận được nó hôm nay.)

Cách dùng: Dùng để diễn tả một giả thiết trái ngược với quá khứ còn kết quả thì trái ngược với hiện tại.

Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2

If + S + V2/ Ved + …, S + would have + V3/ed + …

Ví dụ:

If Thomas were a good guy, he wouldn't have cheated on Rose. (Nếu Thomas là một người đàn ông tốt, thì anh ta đã không phản bội lại Rosie).

Cách dùng: Dùng để tiễn tả một giả thiết trái ngược với thực tại còn kết quả trái ngược với quá khứ.

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Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.

1.  If that hat costs much, I........a small one.

A. would have bought  B. will buy

C.bought      D. would buy

2.  If you..........more carefully, you would not have had so many accident.

A. drive   B. drove

C. had driven        D. has driven

3.  “Tom..........more races if the trained hard.” The man said.

A. would win

B.wins

C. would have won

D. would be winning

4.  If I spoke English, my job ..........a lot easier.

A. was      B. were

C. will be    D. would be

5.  “If you feel like a chat,.........  .” David said to me.

A. phone to me tonight

B. will you phone me tonight

C. phoned me tonight

D. phone me tonight

6.  I will lend them some money if they......... me.

A. ask    B. will ask

C. asked     D. had asked

7.  If we had known who he was, we.............him to speak at our meeting.

A. would have invited

B. have invited

C. will invite

D. would invite

8.  “If you...........too much junk food, you would be a lot fitter.” Mother said.

A. ate

B. didn’t eat

C. didn’t ate

D. had eaten

9.  If I.............. enough money. I would buy a house.

A. had  B. had had

C. will have   D. have

10.  They.............you in if you come late.

A. won’t let

B. not let

C. wouldn’t let

D. hadn't let

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Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.

1. I’m sure he would mind if we.............early.

A. arrive

B. arriving

C. arrived

D. had arrived

2. We.............. you if we have time.

A. will phone

B. would phone

C. phoned

D. had phoned

3. If I won the lottery, I..........you half the money.

A. gave

B. had given

C. will give

D. would give

4. It.............be a pity if she married Fred.

A. will   B. would

C. can  D. may

5. If I am free on Saturday, I.............to the mountains.

A. to go

B. could go

C. went

D. can go

6. She.............a nervous breakdown if she goes on like this.

A. will has              B. had

C. will have           D. have

7. I know I’ll feel better if I...........smoking.

A. will stop

B. stop

C. stopped

D. had stopped

8. I could have understood him if he.............more slowly.

A. speaks

B. spoke

C. had spoken

D. would speak

9. He didn’t listen to the teacher. If he...............carefully, he...............will in the examination.

A. had listened/ would have performed

B. listened/ would perform

C. listens/ will performed

D. had listened/ had performed

10. If I knew his address, I...........round and see him.

A. go        B. will go

C. went           D. would go

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Nguyễn Thị Hà 12c2

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Vàng thị hải 12c2

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Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để hoàn thành các câu sau hoặc chọn đáp án có câu gần
nghĩa nhất với câu gốc:
1. They think that he has died a natural death.
A. It is thought that he has died a natural death.
B. They thought that he died a natural death.
C. He is thought to have died a natural death.
D. A & C are correct
2. They say that Nam is the brightest student in class.
A. They said that Nam is the brightest student in class.
B. They said that Nam to be the brightest student in class.
C. Nam is said to be the brightest student in class.
D. It is said that Nam to be the brightest student in class.
3. He had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs.
B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me.
D. He had several jobs done.
4. They saw him cross the road.
A. He is seen crossing the road.
B. He is seen to cross the road.
C. He was seen to cross the road.
D. He was being seen crossing the road.
5. His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it by his parents.
B. He was made to do it by his parents.
C. He made his parents to do it.
D. His parents were made do it.
6. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now.
B. I've got to have the barber cut my hair.
C. I get my hair cut.
D. I've had my hair cut.
7. Open your book.
A. Your book be opened by someone.
B. Someone opened your book.
C. Let your book be opened.
D. Let your book opened.
8. This house is going__________next week.
A. sold B. to be sold C. to sold D. to sell
9. The room is being__________ at the moment.
A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. Clean
10. The road to my village__________widened next month.
A. is B. will C. can D.will be

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11. He__________Mary's father.
A. is thought that B. thinks to be
C. is thought to be D. thought to be
12. Lan had her car serviced yesterday.
A. Lan had to service her car yesterday.
B. Lan had serviced her car yesterday.
C. Lan had somebody to service her car yesterday.
D. Somebody serviced Lan's car yesterday.
13. The government is building a school in this area.
A. A school Is being built In this area by the government.
B. A school Is built in this area by the government.
C. A school in this area is being built by the government.
D. A school has been built in this area by the government.
14. It is said that she has met her mother several times.
A. People said that her mother has met several times.
B. She is said to have met her mother several times.
C. It is said that her mother has been met several times.
D. She is said that her mother has been met several times.
15. Dinosaurs are believed__________many years ago.
A. die out B. to have died out
C. to die out D. having died out
16. I will have my bike __________next Saturday.
A. to repair B. repair C. repaired D. repairing
17. They have bought a house recently.
A. A house has been bought recently.
B. A house have been bought recently.
C. A house recently has been bought recently.
D. A house has bought recently.
18. She lets us play in the area.
A. She allows to play in the area.
B. We are allowed to play in the area, c. She allows US playing in the area.
D. We are let to playing in the area.
19. The old school__________before the first semester.
A. needs restored B. needs restoring
C. needs to restore D. needs to restoring
20. This lamp__________.
A. was made in Korea last year.
B. made in Korea last year.
C. was made last year in Korea.
D. last year was made in Korea.

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21. I hate__________personal problems by strangers.
A. to be asked B. being asked C. to ask D. asking
22. __________yet?
A. Has the bike repaired B. Was the bike repaired
C. Has the bike been repaired D. Has the bike repaired been
23. Yesterday many trees__________before the storm.
A. were cut down C. are cut down
B. cut down D. have cut down
24. The engineers willl build a bridge near my house next month.
A. A bridge will being be built near my house by the engineers next month.
B. A bridge will be built near my house by the engineers next month.
C. My house will be being built near by the engineers next month.
D. A bridge is built near my house next month by the engineers.
25. My mother has bought me a dictionary.
A. I have been bought a dictionary by my mother.
B. A dictionary has been bought me by my mother.
C. I have bought a dictionary by my mother.
D. A dictionary has bought for me by my mother.
26. They are interviewing him for the job.
A. He is being interviewed for the job.
B. He is interviewed for the job.
C. He has been interviewed for the job.
D. He is interviewing for the job.
27. The fire destroyed the house last night.
A. The house is destroyed by the fire last night.
B. The house is being destroyed by the fire last night.
C. The house was destroy last night by the fire.
D. The house was destroyed by the fire last night.
28. She was reading the letter when I came.
A. The letter was being reading when I came.
B. The letter was being read when I came.
C. The letter was read when I came.
D. The letter has read when I came.
29. The telephone__________by Alexander Graham Bell.
A. invented B. is being invented
C. be invented D. was invented
30. We must find the solution now.
A. The solution be found now. B.The solution must Is found now.
C. The solution must be found now. D.The solution is must found now.
31. Nobody has sent him the message so far.
A. He has been sent the message so far.
B. The message hasn't been sent him so far.
C. He hasn't been sent the message so far.
D. He has sent the message so far.
32. We will give her this gift when we arrive there.
A. She will be given to this gift when we arrive there.
B. This gift will be given to her when we arrive there.
C. She will given this gift when we arrive there.
D. This gift will be given her when we arrive there.
33. It is said that many people are moving from rural areas to cities.
A. Many people say to be moving from rural areas to cities.
B. Many people said are moving from rural areas to cities.
C. Many people are said to be moving from rural areas to cities.
D. Many people are said to have been moving from rural areas to cities.
34. __________every day?
A. Does the room clean B. Is the room cleaned
C. Does the room cleans D. Is the room being cleaned
35. They will have the car repaired soon.
A. They will have someone repair the car soon.
B. The car will repair soon.
C. They themselves will repair their car soon.
D. They will get the car to be repaired soon.