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Motion of changing speed

When a force of a certain size and direction acts on an object, the object moves at a constant rate of speed. These movements are easy to find around us.
For example, the speed of a skier descending a slope by gravity increases. However, when a running car stops by applying the brakes, the speed gradually slows down due to friction.
When an object is dropped straight or thrown up, the object's speed is constantly changed by force.

Time-speed graph when dropping objects

If you drop a hardball off a cliff, assuming there is no friction, you can see that the ball's speed constantly increases over time. This is because gravity acts in the same direction as the object's motion.
In this way, if a certain amount of force continues to act in the same direction as the object's motion direction, the object's speed increases.
If a force of a certain amount continues to act opposite to the direction of motion, the speed decreases. In other words, if the force acts in parallel with the direction of motion of the object, the speed of the object changes constantly.

Acceleration

Acceleration is the degree to which the speed changes over a period of time. Acceleration is obtained by dividing the amount of change in velocity by time.
If the initial velocity was V ₁, and the velocity changed to V ₂ after time t, then the acceleration a is calculated as follows.

If the speed increases, the acceleration has a positive (+) value, and if the speed gradually decreases, the acceleration has a negative (-) value.

Newton's second law of motion

When a force is applied to an object, a change in velocity (acceleration) occurs. The greater the applied force, the greater the acceleration. And the acceleration that occurs is inversely proportional to the mass. In other words, the heavier the object, the more difficult it is to change the motion.

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Motion of changing speed When a force of a certain size and direction acts on an object, the object moves at a constant rate of speed. These movements are easy to find around us. For example, the speed of a...

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predict which objects will reached the ground first

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predict which objects will reached the ground first

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Enter your login details to start using our mobile-friendly educational games, simulations and puzzles. We have over 1000 interactive resources all designed with a focus on learning through fun.

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predict which objects will reached the ground first ( Earth , Moon )  

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predict which objects will reached the ground first ( Earth , Moon )  

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Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment

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ExploreLearning : Get hands-on, minds-on in math and science

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Free-Fall Laboratory Gizmo : ExploreLearning

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Investigate the motion of an object as it falls to the ground. A variety of objects can be compared, and their motion can be observed in a vacuum, in normal air, and in denser air. The position, velocity, and acceleration are measured over time, and the forces on the object can be displayed. Using t…

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Why do light and heavy objects fall at the same time?

The change in speed due to gravity is the same for all objects because the force and inertia acting on an object are proportional to the object's mass.

1. The force to accelerate an object is gravity. This force is proportional to mass. (The heavier the thing, the stronger it is pulled to the Earth.)

2. The property that opposes the acceleration of an object is inertia. Inertia is also proportional to mass. (The heavier the object, the slower it accelerates.)

\[Change\,in\,motion \propto \frac{Gravity(proportional\,to\,mass)}{Inertia(proportional\,to\,mass)}\]

Therefore, an object's free fall rate is independent of its mass because gravity and inertia cancel each other out.

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Why do light and heavy objects fall at the same time? The change in speed due to gravity is the same for all objects because the force and inertia acting on an object are proportional to the object's mass. The...

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Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment