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3000 B.C. - 600 B.C.

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3500 B.C. - A.D. 100

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Sumerians were the first civilization in Mesopotamia. They contributed the number system, which is based on 60, the wheel, the calendar, and much more. The Sumerians had social classes and were polytheistic.

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Babylonians came after Sumerians. They were ruled by Hammurabi. He had written laws and was just and fair. Many contributions are used now like the idea of being innocent until proven guilty.

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Hieroglyphics was the language that the Ancient Egyptians used. Hieroglyphics were a lot of symbols and pictures used to indicate words.

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The Ancient Egyptians contributed the number system based on 10 which most countries still use today. Also, they gave the idea of medicine. (splints, bandages, stitching) Another thing Ancient Egyptians contributed to was paper. They called this papyrus.

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Ancient Egyptian rulers were called Pharaohs. They were the highest in social structure. The Pharaohs controlled the people of the land. When they died they were embalmed in tombs which where then buried in the pyramids.

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There were 3 kingdoms in Ancient Egypt; Old, Middle, and New kingdom. Between each kingdom there was a power struggle and rebuild. Egyptians traded resources to make each kingdom stronger. They made lots of art and statues for their land.