# data[].attributes.headline
The Painting - Chief Native American Indian War Paint

# data[].attributes.subject
The Painting - Chief Native American Indian War Paint

# data[].attributes.body
The picture was painted by the American artist George Catlin. His paintings often romanticize and idealize Native American culture, and some of his works depict traditional Native American activities such as hunting or dancing, but they are usually simplified and presented through a European-centric lens. The drawing clearly shows all the features Native Americans are supposed to have in their stereotypes, such as some traditional clothing and feathers. Reinforce the stereotype of Native Americans as aggressive and primitive.

# data[].attributes.headline
Subtopic Paragraph 1 - A State of Being Erased And Needed Sympathy

# data[].attributes.subject
Subtopic Paragraph 1 - A State of Being Erased And Needed Sympathy

# data[].attributes.body
It is the cover of The Last of Mohicans, describing a story about brutal battles between the Native Americans and European colonizers. Its protagonist, Hawkeye, considers himself a brother of Native Americans, although he is a white man who has lived with other two Mohicans. In the story, Hawkeye fights against the French and its allies, the Iroquois. It reflects the Natives are powerless compared with their enemies, who need people like Hawkeye to save them and that is a common stereotype.

# data[].attributes.headline
How the U.S. Suppressed Native American Indentity

# data[].attributes.subject
How the U.S. Suppressed Native American Indentity

# data[].attributes.body
Native Americans have suffered cultural omission from the US government. In this clip, their kids were sent to the boarding school to remove their identity. Their language and songs are destroyed, which means the kids are not allowed to sing a native song or speak a native language. To sum up, Indian culture is not respected.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How The US Suppressed Native American Identity

# data[].attributes.headline
Subtopic Paragraph 2 - Music Should Not Be Misinterpreted

# data[].attributes.subject
Subtopic Paragraph 2 - Music Should Not Be Misinterpreted

# data[].attributes.body
Music that should not be interpreted

# data[].attributes.body
The description of Native people in There There reveals the stereotypical identity that reflects the discrimination, cultural omission, and oppression from other races in the form of traditional fiction, Indian music, historical movies, and sports logos.

# data[].attributes.headline
Subtopic Paragraph 4 - The Racial Stereotype in The Design of Logo

# data[].attributes.subject
Subtopic Paragraph 4 - The Racial Stereotype in The Design of Logo

# data[].attributes.headline
The Disagreement And Resistance of Indigenous to Mascots.

# data[].attributes.subject
The Disagreement And Resistance of Indigenous to Mascots.

# data[].attributes.body
The Native people always struggle with the stereotype of their race, and they are dissatisfied with the racist mascots because of their exaggeration of their stereotype racial features. It reveals the disrespect and degradation of the Native people, and they want to change this issue to eliminate the discrimination and get the equality of their race and civil rights.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
For advocates, dehumanization of indigenous people is at the root of the issue.

More than a decade ago, Sundance, a member of the Muscogee tribe, led a successful effort to change the mascot of a high school from the Oberlin Indians to the Oberlin Phoenix. So when the Major League Baseball's Cleveland Indians announced that they will change their name, it was a "big win" for him and members of the Native community. But is it only the "tip of the iceberg," he said.

Sundance is the director of the Cleveland branch of the American Indian Movement, one of the organizations that has been urging national and local teams with indigenous names and mascots to change their names for more than 50 years.

"There are so, so many issues that we need to address as indigenous people that are certainly more important than the mascot issue, but it is the mascot issue, among others, that prohibits people from seeing indigenous people as people," he told ABC News, adding that the Native American ethnicity is the only one that is widely used as a mascot across the country.

A protestor speaks to a crowd of demonstrators prior to the Opening Day game between the Cleveland Indians and the Kansas City Royals at Progressive Field, July 24, 2020, in Cleveland.

Jason Miller/Getty Images

According to a FiveThirtyEight analysis, hundreds of schools across the country still use Native Americans as their team mascots -- monikers widely seen as racist and dehumanizing to the Native American community.

"There are people who will downplay the importance of the issue and say, 'Gosh, don't you people have better things to worry about?' Well, dehumanization is, I think, the very root of all the other issues that we face," said Heather Whiteman Runs Him, a law professor and director of the Tribal Justice Clinic at the University of Arizona in Tucson.

Protesters sing and play the drums outside of Sports Authority Field at Mile High in Denver, Co., Oct. 27, 2013.

For decades, advocates for Native American rights had been working relentlessly to convince the teams to change their names -- from filing lawsuits to protests to applying pressure on teams and their sponsors.

But it was not until an immense movement swept the nation in the summer of 2020 after the police killing of George Floyd -- an unarmed Black man from Minneapolis -- that some of the most high profile teams relented.

After insisting in 2013 that a name change will "never" happen, Dan Snyder, owner of the Washington Redskins, announced in July that the team would change its name to the Washington Football Team, after FedEx, which has naming rights to the stadium, requested a change.

"Advocates within tribal nations in our communities started working strategically to target the financial backing of the sports --- the Nikes of the world, the FedExes," Fawn Sharp, president of the National Congress of American Indians, told ABC News. "That was part of our strategic thinking, knowing that you're trying to get something that is based on pure morality and a sense of justice is simply not enough -- that the power of the almighty dollar and money in this country, whether you're in sports, or a member of Congress, is such a powerful influence."

Meanwhile, in an interview with the Associated Press, Cleveland Indians team owner Paul Dolan cited the killing of Floyd as an "awakening or epiphany" that contributed to the team's decision, along with conversations with the Native American community.

Before deciding to change their name -- a change that is expected to take place in 2021 -- the Cleveland Indians stopped using the Chief Wahoo logo on their uniforms in 2019.

According to Sharp, who leads the country's oldest and largest American Indian and Alaska Native tribal government organization, the widespread Black Lives Matter protests ushered in a national debate about race and racism in America -- one that finally included the rights of Native Americans.

"We've known that a day of reckoning would come ... the momentum has just been an incredible sacred moment," Sharp said, adding that the organization has brought Indian Country together to advocate for the rights of indigenous people and "to be an ally and partner with others that are disenfranchised."

In this Sept. 13, 2020, file photo, seats at Fedex Field display the Washington Football Team logo in Landover, Md.

The shift in energy comes amid some wins in representation for the Native American community that advocates are hoping will lead to policy changes.

Six Native Americans were elected to serve in the next Congress, a record in U.S. history. Meanwhile, Rep. Deb Haaland, who was nominated by President-elect Joe Biden to lead the Department of the Interior, could become the first Native American to serve in a presidential Cabinet. If confirmed by the Senate, Haaland would be the first Native person to oversee an agency that played a major role historically in the forced relocation and oppression of indigenous people.

Reps. Deb Haaland, right, and Rashida Tlaib, left, are seen in the Capitol's House chamber before members were sworn in on the first day of the 116th Congress on Jan. 3, 2019 in Washington.

Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call via Getty Images, FILE

For Whiteman Runs Him, "there's a tremendous capacity for hope in this moment," but she remains "cautiously optimistic."

"Knowing history, we also have to be vigilant that there's enough done," she said, adding that the success of leaders such as Haaland will also depend on the support they get from other branches of government, especially Congress.

Sundance echoed the sentiment, saying, "What we need are people who will maintain their Native identity in the face of rules and regulations that have been enacted to keep us oppressed."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
For Native Americans, the fight against mascots is much bigger than sports

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The changing names of the Cleveland Indians and the Washington Redskins is a win for Native Americans, but there's still much more to be done, leaders say.

# data[].attributes.body
It is the Native-themed logo, and the logo is a red-faced cartoon figure which is widely criticized as a racist stereotype of a Native man. It is quite offensive to them because the logo reinforces the dangerous and savage stereotype which causes negative impacts, like more people hold racial bias and negative attitude to them and this kind of harmful stereotype can be spread, therefore, the Native people are misrepresented.

# data[].attributes.body
The TV show reinforces early 20th-century colonial and imperialist views of Native Americans through racial tropes. Throughout the show, there is the tribe that has the name “savages” and “redskins” and speaks a nonsensical language of grunts, ughs, and wahoos. They worship Peter Pan as “the great white father” and are violent and primitive. Additionally, the tribe performs stereotypical ceremonies like dancing around a fire, laying their ear on the ground, and scalping their enemies in commonplace costumes. These stereotypes damage and offend Native American traditions and should not be repeated or promoted in modern media.

# data[].attributes.headline
Hollywood Stereotypes of Native Americans

# data[].attributes.subject
Hollywood Stereotypes of Native Americans

# data[].attributes.body
The short video discusses Hollywood depictions of Native Americans from the days of silence to nowadays. It combines interviews with Native American filmmakers, actors, activists, and researchers exploring the challenges and potential of expressing Native American culture and identity on screen. Films that have perpetuated or challenged Native American stereotypes such as the noble barbarian, violent warrior, vanishing Indian, or magical guide are shown in the video. Moreover, the video suggests that Native Americans have been ignored and misrepresented in movies and that more realistic and varied portrayals are needed.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How Hollywood stereotyped the Native Americans

# data[].attributes.headline
The Lone Ranger And Johnny Depp’s Tonto Reinforces Native American Stereotypes in Movies

# data[].attributes.subject
The Lone Ranger And Johnny Depp’s Tonto Reinforces Native American Stereotypes in Movies

# data[].attributes.body
The Rolling Stone cover portrays Johnny Depp as Tonto from The Lone Ranger. Depp claimed he had Native American origins, but no tribe verified it. He wore a feathered headdress and painted his face with white and black stripes, which were not authentic or respectful of Native American tradition. He represented Tonto, a strange sidekick who spoke poor English and made stereotypical gestures and expressions. Native Americans are stereotyped in film by casting non-Indigenous actors. It prevents Indigenous people from representing their own cultures and history and promotes the notion that Native Americans are interchangeable. This image illustrates how movies demonstrate Native Americans as stereotypes rather than diverse people.

# data[].attributes.headline
Subtopic Paragraph 3 - Cinematic Descriptions of Native American Stereotypes

# data[].attributes.subject
Subtopic Paragraph 3 - Cinematic Descriptions of Native American Stereotypes