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Giovanni De Medici moves to Florence he headquarters his banking business there and becomes involved with the way of life. He lays groundwork for his son Cosimo to rise to power.

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In the late 1200s and early 1300s St. Francis of Assisi's work emphasized the spiritual value and helping the poor. The movement of humanism arises, recognizing human potential.

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Architect Filllipo Brunelleschi and sculptor Donatello travel to Rome, where they begin to study ancient architecture and sculpture. They return to Florence and begin to put their knowledge into practice.

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In the 1400s Florence becomes a center of art and learning. The Medici family finances the major artists and brings the art of oil painting to Italy. The first Italian printing press is set up rivaling that of Germany.

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In 1429 Cosimo takes over his fathers banking business. He uses power from his wealth as a banker and from marriage with other rich families.

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In 1453 After Constantinople falls to the ottoman empire many scholars flee to Italy. With them they bring books of Greek wisdom which helps foster new ideas and values all through Europe.

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In 1454 Johann Gutenburg prints the Gutenburg Bible. He is credited with the invention of the printing press and brings a new age of printing books. Making books more accessible to all people of Europe.

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After the death of Cosimo in 1464 his son Piero ruled until he died in 1469. Then Lorenzo ruled raising Florence to great heights.  During his rule, he supported the work of artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Sandro Botticelli.

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In 1494 Girolamo teaches of a return to simple faith and leads an uprising against the Medici who flee. He introduced a democratic government and wanted it to be centered on God. His rule was short-lived however and he was burned in 1495.

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In 1494 Ludovico Sforza permits the French to invade Italy hoping it would weaken the king of Naples. He grants them free passage through Milan, however they fail and return in 1499. They attack Ludovico and take Milan opening competition for Italian land.

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In 1506 St. Peter's Basilica begins to be constructed in Rome. Donato Bramante helps to design it, bringing back ancient architecture with domes and columns.

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Niccolo Machiavelli publishes The Prince in 1513. This is considered one of the most influential political books ever. Its argument is that it is better to be feared then loved as a ruler.

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In 1519 Leonardo Da Vinci dies in France. He dies at 67 possibly of a stroke. He established himself as a painter, sculptor, scientist, and engineer.

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In 1523 Pope Clement comes to power. He shifted his support between King Frances I of France and the Roman emperor Charles V, all while trying to keep control of Italy. He supported Charles in the battle of Pavia and then a year later supported Francis in founding the League of Cognac.

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Due to Pope Clement refusing to grant the imperial army a ransom they attack Rome, taking the city in just 12 hours. This represents the downfall of Renaissance Italy with imperial Spanish rule.