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Eyewitness identification problems & procedures | CIP . (n.d.). Retrieved January 19, 2023, from https://californiainnocenceproject.org/issues-we-face/eyewitness-identification/

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). A broader view of psychopathy. Monitor on Psychology. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.apa.org/monitor/2022/03/ce-corner-psychopathy

Psychopathy treatment options. Psychopathy Is. (2022, December 21). Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://psychopathyis.org/treatment/

What causes psychopathy. Psychopathy Is. (2023, January 17). Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://psychopathyis.org/what-causes-psychopathy/

Why do some people become psychopaths?: Royal Society. Why do some people become psychopaths? | Royal Society. (2017, October 9). Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://royalsociety.org/blog/2017/10/why-do-some-people-become-psychopaths/

Jackson, C. (2022, May 25). A timeline of mass shootings since 1999. ABC4 Utah. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.abc4.com/news/a-timeline-of-mass-shootings-in-the-u-s/

Mass shootings: The motives vary, but the path to violence is largely the same. Rockefeller Institute of Government. (2022, June 3). Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://rockinst.org/blog/mass-shootings-the-motives-vary-but-the-path-to-violence-is-largely-the-same/

Wax, T. (2012, October 9). 7 myths about the Columbine shooting. The Gospel Coalition. Retrieved January 18, 2023, from https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/trevin-wax/7-myths-about-the-columbine-shooting/

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Amidst the rampant media sensationalism that circulated them, Columbine myths often originated from the accounts of confused, traumatized, eyewitnesses. Upon witnessing the black trench coats that Harris and Klebold were wearing during the attack, students -- and eventually, news outlets -- spread the idea that the pair acted under the ideals of a goth sub-clique obsessed with mayhem, which was found to be completely false and grossly exaggerated. Another popular myth outlines the prospect of a third shooter in the building; however, considering Eric and Dylan both changed clothes during the attack, some witnesses were most likely mistaken in their identifications (in tune with the misinformation effect, many students reported the perpetrators in attire completely different than what was recorded on video).

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The assailants of the Columbine massacre, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, are commonly viewed as anything from bitter social outcasts to members of the mysterious Trench Coat Mafia, looking to serve justice to high school bullies. However, just like many other commonly-held beliefs about Columbine, they are absolutely false.

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Due to the rapid increase of mass shootings in the past ~30 years, debate about gun laws &/or gun control have become much more heated/controversial. Many people are supporting the side of implementing stricter firearm regulations & screening, however just as many people are buttressing the Second Amendment without any compromising.

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Number of days between shootings in the USA, from years 2013-2015. Further accentuates how prevalent mass shootings have become in modern day society.

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-109 Mass Shootings from the year 2000-2021
-Roughly 2000 deaths total

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While motives/causes for shootings may vary, it often begins as a grievance/opposition that an individual has against society (in part or whole). This leads to violent ideas/fantasies, then to preparation of an attack, & finally the last step is an actual incidence of violence. This can directly be pathed back to psychopathy, as individuals who have this disorder will be at more of a risk to develop a serious grievance & deal with it in a violent mannerism

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Psychopathy can be treated through a multifaceted approach including; individual therapy, group/family therapy, residential therapy, & medication

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Not even close. Eyewitness accounts are only as foolproof as human memory, and that's not saying much. Our inability to directly "record" memories forces us to reconstruct incidents in our brains, where we often misrepresent, overlook, or even fabricate key details of an experience.

For example...

-In highly stressful situations, the ability to both observe and later recall events is weakened.

-After witnessing a violent crime, one's attention is often completely centered on the weapon used. While an eyewitness typically has no issues recalling highly-specific details about the weapon, they often will have serious issues providing physical information about the attacker.

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Unreliable eyewitness accounts are very common; one in every four eyewitness identifications is incorrect, and that one can carry serious implications.

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-About 30% of the population has some minor degree of psychopathic behavior(s)
-Roughly 1% of the overall population has clinically diagnosed severe psychopathy
-Psychopathy is a spectrum disorder (though some scientists will heavily debate this topic)

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While there is no "cause" of psychopathy, here are some things that can make somebody more prone to psychopathy:
-Genetic predisposition
-Environmental factors (exposure to violence, improper parenting, substance abuse during pregnancy)

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Gun laws & gun control help to regulate the commerce of guns with things such as:
-who can buy firearms
-what firearms can be bought
-designated places to legally obtain firearms

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A mass shooting is determined by any event in which gun related deaths exceed 3 people

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Psychopathy is a disorder commonly characterized by a lack of empathy, inhibited regards for consequences of actions, fearless/reckless behavior, antisocial behavior, & leaves those affected more prone to violence

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Eyewitness accounts are often viewed as one of the most powerful pieces of evidence in deciphering the interworkings of an event.