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He's full name was Jose Guillermo Abel López Portillo y Pacheco. He was born in June 16, 1920 in Mexico city and died on February 17, 2004 in Mexico city. He studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). He also became a professor of Law ay UNAM

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New hospitals, extending medical and nursing staff

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CFE, improved access to information and electricity was brought to thousands of communities

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Scholarships, especial emphasis on indigenous through the SEP

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National Fund for Popular Housing (FONHAPO) and the Institute of the National Housing Fund for Workers
(INFONAVIT), low-cost housing construction was promoted,

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A food-assistance program was launched in the poorest areas, coordinated by the Ministry of Health and Assistance, featuring
"community kitchens"

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Opening of the Mexican Embassy in the People’s Republic of China (Beijing, 1979)

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Opening of the Mexican Embassy in the People’s Republic of China (Beijing, 1979)

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Negotiation of Oil Credit Lines with OPEC and Eastern European Countries (1979–1981)

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Negotiation of Oil Credit Lines with OPEC and Eastern European Countries (1979–1981)

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Signing of the Free Trade Agreement with Central America (Tegucigalpa Protocol, 1980)

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Signing of the Free Trade Agreement with Central America (Tegucigalpa Protocol, 1980)

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Mexico’s Admission to the European Monetary System (EMS) as an Observer Country (1979)

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Mexico’s Admission to the European Monetary System (EMS) as an Observer Country (1979)

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Political and Financial Support for Latin American Integration: Promotion of the Contadora Group (1980–1982)

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Political and Financial Support for Latin American Integration: Promotion of the Contadora Group (1980–1982)

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During the government of José López Portillo (1976–1982), it cannot be said that he effectively promoted democracy and human rights, as even though he introduced reforms such as the Ley Federal de Organizaciones Políticas y Procedimientos Electorales (LOPPE) in 1977, which allowed for the registration of more political parties, his unopposed rise to power in 1976 and the authoritarian control of the PRI reflected a limited democracy; regarding human rights, his administration was marked by repressive practices inherited from the Guerra Sucia, including forced disappearances and arbitrary detentions, and although he defended democratic principles and labor rights in his speeches, in practice, these were neither fully guaranteed nor respected.

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Bank Nationalization (1982):
The government took control of the banks to prevent a financial crisis.

Oil Exploitation:
Took advantage of the rising oil prices to strengthen national reserves.

Infrastructure:
Built roads, ports, and airports to modernize the country.

Market Opening:
Sought to diversify international markets for the Mexican economy.

Subsidies:
Implemented subsidies for basic goods like gasoline and electricity to prevent social unrest.

Devaluation and Debt Crisis:
Devalued the peso in 1982 due to falling oil prices, triggering an economic crisis.

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Constitutional Reforms (1977):
He introduced reforms to the Mexican Constitution to allow greater political participation, including the creation of the Instituto Federal Electoral (IFE) to oversee elections and ensure fairness.

Political Opening:
López Portillo promoted a political opening by allowing more opposition parties and reducing restrictions on political dissent, marking a shift toward a more pluralistic system.

Strengthening the Executive Power:
His presidency was characterized by strong presidential authority, centralizing power in the Executive branch, a common feature of Mexican politics during that era.

Expansion of the Role of the State:
He advocated for an expanded role of the state in the economy, promoting public ownership and intervention in various sectors, especially in banking and energy.

Creation of the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (PRONASOL):
This social program aimed to reduce poverty and provide basic services, symbolizing his commitment to addressing social issues, though it was criticized for being politically motivated.

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Clío. (2015). Minibiografía: José López Portillo [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PCghFyccNI

INFOBAE. (2022, April 23). De López Portillo a Peña Nieto, estas fueron las reformas electorales en México. Infobae. https://www.infobae.com/america/mexico/2022/04/23/de-lopez-portillo-a-pena-nieto-estas-fueron-las-reformas-electorales-en-mexico/

Lifeder Educación. (2020). José López Portillo: biografía, gobierno y aportes [YouTube Video]. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNXwCrlf6h4

Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. (s.f.). Historia de las relaciones exteriores de México. Gobierno de México. https://www.gob.mx/sre/acciones-y-programas/historia-de-las-relaciones-exteriores-de-mexico