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Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) are systems which measures signals from the brain and generates an action through an output device. It is unique in that it is activated directly from the central nervous system and allows users to intentionally act on their environment. User actions can include but are not limited to physical movements and communication. The four components of this system, controlled by an operating protocol, include signal acquisition, feature extraction, feature translation, and device output (Shih et al., 2012). These devices can serve those suffering from neuromuscular disorders, helping them regain lost abilities. They can potentially be implemented in rehab for people recovering from strokes, brain injuries, and other conditions.

Although there are different methods to record brain activity, one specific modality of current interest involves the use of surgically implanted intracortical microelectrode arrays. Recent research efforts using the intracortical recording device are being made to increase speech capabilities, and an implant would allow for continuous use. One example comes from a 2024 study, where implementing an intracortical neuroprosthesis allowed a man diagnosed with ALS and suffering from severe dysarthria to communicate in conversation (Card et al.). Speech is produced through a computer device based on translation of the neural signals as described previously.

Current research goals include increasing the rate of speech, decreasing the duration of training, and reducing the amount of user recalibration required (Willett et al., 2023). These improvements will help usher safe and efficient clinical adoption in the future, with the potential to empower individuals with neuromuscular disabilities to reclaim their voice.

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From “An accurate and rapidly calibrating speech neuroprosthesis,” by Card et al., 2023, New England Journal of Medicine, 391(7), p. 611. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.26.23300110. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0.

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New Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) Allows Man with ALS to 'Speak’ Again Using Brain Implant and AI

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-Intracortical microelectrode arrays directly utilize the electrical signals of individual neurons, allowing for more accurate and rapid communication (Brumberg et al., 2010).

-A surgically-implanted device allows for chronic continuous use.

-Increased use and practice contribute to neural changes which improve user performance and control of BCI (Bhadra et al., 2025).

-With further development, there is potential for silent communication interfaces (Brumberg et al., 2010).

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-There are risks for clinical complications such as loss of neural contacts and infection when using a surgically-implanted device (Bhadra et al., 2025).

-The invasive route means more costly initiation via surgery and upkeep through technical support.

-BCI technology would benefit a relatively small population- those suffering severe disabilities living in a stable home environment with the means to afford help from a large multidisciplinary team (Shih et al., 2012).

-Technological advancement is needed to make the equipment more portable to allow for convenience and flexibility in use.

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Isaac (Ideation): My top strength being Context, it's important to have a counterpart with the ability to look ahead instead of focusing on the past. Ideation is boldly considering various viewpoints and uncovering novel possibilities. This thought process will help the team construct creative ways to put the new tool into action.

Louis (Learner): Having a Learner mindset is a strength for this project because it is focused on developing the capabilities of the users and the training involved. Louis will become an insightful subject matter expert when it comes to the patient population and identifying their learning needs as they adopt this complex tool.

Carter (Communication): Every team needs a strong spokesperson, a quality which I am lacking. Communication will heighten the influence of this innovation by conveying ideas with stories, images, and strategic wording. This is essential to relaying our goals and progress to all stakeholders involved, and ensuring everyone recognizes the significance of this innovation.

Amelia (Adaptability): Whereas my strength is learning from the past, and Isaac's strength is considering future ideas, Amelia will be an asset for handling day-to-day challenges of the project. Her flexibility will offer swift solutions to issues that arise and allow her to take on any role needed in the process.

Angelica (Analytical): This strength will bring balance to the team by working carefully to identify any gaps in the process. Whereas Isaac is creative and bold, Angelica will ensure any new ideas are reasonably outlined. This is key in the planning stage of the project as we work to avoid risks.

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Context: For a team considering a new technology, using past experiences and existing knowledge empowers them to make more thoughtful choices. By recognizing previous implementations and their outcomes, the team can better understand the potential impacts of this new technology, encouraging a careful and informed approach.

Discipline: This strength prioritizes structure, standards, and orderly processes on then managing and performing in daily activities. I practice discipline when holding high standards for myself and my peers. This strength will ensure my team stays focused while making timely progression towards the established goals.

Consistency: This trait focuses on finding balance and harmony in tasks. As a leader, this essential to ensuring every team member is treated equally and their workload is fair, creating an environment of safety and efficiency. In regards to implementing the innovation, frequent outcomes evaluations using a streamlined process will ensure that the pros and cons are weighed through an objective lens.

Empathy: This strength is the ability to recognize what others are feeling. In a leadership context, this allows me to actively listen and respond to the needs of my team. With the current innovation, I will use this strength when working with the population it serves. Understanding the needs of patients and families will make me a stronger advocate for safe and accessible technology use.

Relator: Grounded in relationship-building, the Relator strength allows for careful attention to the quality of partnerships. Because of my ability to build strong relationships with my team and community partners – a strength that complements my other skills – I can establish rapport with both my colleagues and the clients we serve, which will be crucial for a seamless transition to this new technology.

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Brain-Computer Interface speech technology is a transformative field with significant potential to help individuals with severe speech impairments. Current studies are focused on expanding the capabilities of this technology to provide more natural, accessible, and dependable communication solutions for those who require them. While promising, further adoption and commercial viability depend on overcoming obstacles through continued research and development. Key challenges for future success include reducing the need for complex support, expanding the user base, and securing financial backing for both researchers and patients looking to implement these tools. Communication is key to a rich quality of life, and patients hoping to regain their voice depend on innovations like BCI to improve their well-being and connect with their environment. I believe BCI is the first step in a truly innovative direction that will yield new methods and have a widespread impact.