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the best-known photograph taken during the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, a boy holds his hands over his head while SS-Rottenführer Josef Blösche points a submachine gun in his direction.

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In the midst of the turmoil of the Soviet-led invasion, Koudelka took to the streets to document this critical moment.

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Kurt Strumpf's haunting photo of a terrorist at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games grew into a symbol of the 21-hour

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actually a photograph of Washington, D.C. Government charwoman, Ella Watson. This photgraph was exhibited in different museums and is among the most celebrated photographs of the 20th century.

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Assigned by Henry Luce to cover the massive New Deal project, Bourke-White photographed the dam, the spillway, and daily life in the surrounding boomtown.

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photographer W. Eugene Smith spent 23 days in Kremmling, Colo., chronicling the day-to-day challenges faced by an indefatigable general practitioner named Dr. Ernest Ceriani.

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a black and white photographic portrait of a 67-year-old Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The portrait was taken in 1941 by Armenian-Canadian photographer Yousuf Karsh in the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Churchill lit a fresh cigar, puffed at it with a mischievous air, and then magnanimously relented. 'You may take one.' Churchill's cigar was ever present.

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The iconic 'Keep Calm and Carry On' poster was designed months before the Second World War began. Its message was supposed to boost morale and ensure the public could bear the sacrifice and burden required of them.

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a Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph taken by Stanley Forman during the Boston busing crisis in 1976. It depicts a white teenager, Joseph Rakes, assaulting a black man—lawyer and civil rights activist Ted Landsmark—with a flagpole bearing the American flag

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Shot by James Nachtwey depicting 9/11

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a photograph by William Anders of Earth and part of the Moon's surface that was taken from lunar orbit by astronaut William Anders on December 24, 1968, during the Apollo 8 mission. Nature photographer Galen Rowell described it as "the most influential environmental photograph ever taken".

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Iain Stewart Macmillan was the Scottish photographer famous for taking the cover photograph for the Beatles' album Abbey Road in 1969. He grew up in Scotland, then moved to London to become a professional photographer.

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taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz on December 8th, 1980, on the day John Lennon was shot. It became one of the most iconic images in rock 'n' roll history.

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Commissioned by Vogue to create a photographic book about the city, Klein recorded its vibrancy and grittiness, producing an uncompromising portrait

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Shot by William Eggleston

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a Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph taken by Stanley Forman during the Boston busing crisis in 1976. It depicts a white teenager, Joseph Rakes, assaulting a black man—lawyer and civil rights activist Ted Landsmark—with a flagpole bearing the American flag

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Richard Avedon's photo reveals a new face of the icon. Having posed for long hours, the photo session comes to an end. Marilyn is exhausted, she quickly releases the pressure, abandoning her pose with her charming eyes.

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a black and white photograph taken by Ansel Adams in 1942, at the Grand Teton National Park, in Wyoming. It is one of his best known and most critically acclaimed photographs

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Ali's right fist connected with Liston's chin and Liston went down. Leifer snapped the photo of the champ towering over his vanquished opponent and taunting him, “Get up and fight, sucker!”

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a photograph taken by Associated Press photographer Richard Drew of a man falling from the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks in New York City.

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a black and white photograph taken by French photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson in Paris in 1932. The photograph has been printed at variable dimensions; the print donated by Cartier-Bresson to the Museum of Modern Art

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Charles Levy captured the photograph with his personal camera while aboard the B-29 aircraft The Great Artiste, an observation plane that flew near the strike plane Bockscar to record the power of the blast.

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an iconic photograph of six United States Marines raising the U.S. flag atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima in the final stages of the Pacific War.

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Elizabeth Eckford’s walk through a crowd of hateful tormentors

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Elizabeth Eckford’s walk through a crowd of hateful tormentors

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Elizabeth Eckford, one of nine Black students, attempted to enter Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Unlike the other eight, she had never received the message to stay away from the school, As she walked toward the school, a mob hurled racist slurs at her and threatened to lynch her, she said.

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Lewis Hine traveled the U.S. in the early 20th-century, taking photographs of child laborers for the National Child Labor Committee. This photograph, taken in 1911 Pennsylvania, shows "breaker boys"—boys employed by mines to pick impurities out of newly broken coal as it rolled past on conveyor belts.

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a photograph by Kevin Carter which first appeared in The New York Times on 26 March 1993.

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a monochrome photograph by Stanley Forman which received the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography in 1976 and the title of World Press Photo of the Year.

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Harold Edgerton often claimed his photographic work was only an incidental result of scientific experimentation.

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In 1872, Muybridge began using a complex photographic method to capture horses in motion. In 1879, he proved that indeed all four hooves of a galloping horse are off the ground during the stride.

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a photograph taken in 1936 in Nipomo, California, by American photographer Dorothea Lange during her time with the Resettlement Administration. came to symbolize the hunger, poverty and hopelessness endured by so many Americans during the Great Depression.

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a surreal photograph of the artist Salvador Dalí jumping, taken by the photographer Philippe Halsman in 1948. The photograph also features three cats flying through the air. At least 26 takes of the photograph were made before Halsman was satisfied with the result.

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Alberto Korda’s iconic photo of Che Guevara

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Alberto Korda’s iconic photo of Che Guevara

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Alberto Korda was a Cuban photographer best known for his iconic image of Che Guevara. taken on March 5, 1960 at a Cuban funeral service for victims of the La Coubre explosion. The photographic reality of Che soon transformed itself into an iconic image which traveled around the world.

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This photograph is one of a series of portraits Strand shot of the poor, the old and infirm, and the working class in New York during the early 1900s, with the intent of promoting social reform. To preserve their anonymity and the candor of the shot, Strand used a fake camera lens to get close to his subjects without their knowing he was taking their picture.

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Hine used a slide of this photograph of a young girl named Sadie Pfeiffer, tending a row of spinning machines in South Carolina's Lancaster Cotton Mills, in his 1909 talk "Social Photography, How the Camera May Help in the Social Uplift," which he delivered to a national conference of social workers.

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shot by Eddie Abrams shows the microsecond the bullet entered the man's head. Eddie Adams's photo of Brigadier General Nguyen Ngoc Loan shooting a Viet Cong prisoner is considered one of the most influential images of the Vietnam War.

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a black and white photograph taken by Alfred Stieglitz in 1907. It has been hailed by some critics as one of the greatest photographs of all time because it captures in a single image both a formative document of its time and one of the first works of artistic modernism.

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two tourists are shown sitting idly in front of the dead body of a migrant who was traveling to Europe. The Pulitzer Prize was given to Javier Bauluz for this well-known image that highlights the stark differences in social divisions throughout the world.

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fter facing down the Chinese army's tanks, Tank Man became an enduring symbol of defiance in the face of violent authoritarianism. The image of him blocking the tanks was on the front pages of newspapers across the world. taken by stuart franklin

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a 1984 photographic portrait of Sharbat Gula, an Afghan refugee in Pakistan during the Soviet–Afghan War. The photograph, taken by American photojournalist Steve McCurry near the Pakistani city of Peshawar, appeared on the June 1985 cover of National Geographic. taken by steven mccurry

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In the national situation, the act was viewed as a plea to end the military conflict in Vietnam. Thich Quang Duc's suicide was captured in a series of photographs that revealed his flame-engulfed body. His act was a dramatic protest against the oppressive regime of Ngo Dinh Diem, head of South Vietnam. Journalist Malcome Browne took this iconic photo of the self-immolation of Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc in Saigon in 1963.

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The charkha, in the hands of Gandhi and other Indian nationalists, became a symbol for national unity; and the simple act of spinning an act of protest. The charkha proved a highly visible symbol for India's political independence and economic self-sufficiency. The photo was taken by renowned photojournalist Margaret Bourke-White during a visit to India in the mid-1940s.

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a photograph by Alfred Eisenstaedt that portrays a U.S. Navy sailor embracing and kissing a total stranger—a dental assistant—on Victory over Japan Day in New York City's Times Square on August 14, 1945.

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a black-and-white photograph taken on September 20, 1932, of eleven ironworkers sitting on a steel beam 850 feet above the ground during construction of the RCA Building in Manhattan, New York City. It was arranged as a publicity stunt, part of a campaign promoting the skyscraper.

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Henri Cartier-Bresson's best-known photograph may be the 1932 image of a man jumping over a puddle behind the Gare St. Lazare. The meaning of “decisive moment” seems self-evident from this picture: the timing, the composition, the totality of the picture, an ordinary moment transcribed as a complete statement.

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a heliographic image and the oldest surviving camera photograph. It was created by French inventor Nicéphore Niépce in 1826 in Saint-Loup-de-Varennes, France, and shows parts of the buildings and surrounding countryside of his estate, Le Gras, as seen from a high window.

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an American street photographer, known for his portrayal of U.S. life and its social issues, in the mid-20th century. Photography curator, historian, and critic John Szarkowski called Winogrand the central photographer of his generation.

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a German-Australian photographer. The New York Times described him as a "prolific, widely imitated fashion photographer whose provocative, erotically charged black-and-white photos were a mainstay of Vogue and other publications.

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a Dutch National Geographic photographer, author and speaker.

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a German photographer. She began her career as a fashion model, before becoming a fashion, editorial, and advertising photographer

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an American photographer who lives and works in the Boston Area.

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an American artist and filmmaker, based in Los Angeles. She makes staged color photographs.

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an English photographer best known for his unusual black and white landscapes featuring ethereal light achieved by photographing at dawn or at night with exposures of up to 10 hours

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an English photographer. He is known for his portraits of tribal and indigenous peoples

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an American photojournalist and war photographer. He has been awarded the Overseas Press Club's Robert Capa Gold Medal five times and two World Press Photo awards.

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a British documentary photographer, photojournalist and photobook collector. He is known for his photographic projects that take an intimate, satirical and anthropological

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an English photographer and film producer, best remembered for his fashion and portrait photography of the 1960s and 1970s.

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an American photographer. His awards include the Art Directors Club Hall of Fame, the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Media Photographers, and the Infinity Award from the International Center of Photography.

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an American portrait photographer. He was born in Riga in the part of the Russian Empire which later became Latvia, and died in New York City.

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an American photographer known for making large format black and white photographs of her immediate surroundings—her children, husband, rural landscapes, and self-portraits

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an American photographer and writer who became well known for her photographs of African-Americans

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he had perhaps the closest artistic relationship with his famous father of all four of the Weston sons. In 1925, Edward removed Brett from school and took him to Mexico, where the thirteen year old became his father’s apprentice. Surrounded by revolutionary artists of the day, such as Tina Modotti, Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera, and influenced as well by the striking contrast of life in Mexico

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an American photographer and a member of the Group f/64. He was born in Minnesota on June 5, 1884, and moved to California in 1902.

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an American photographer and member of the famous Group f/64. In the early 1920s he met photographer Edward Weston by chance in Carmel, California and began making photographs as a hobby. He was earning a living as a stockbroker, a career he continued throughout his life.

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an American filmmaker, photographer, arts administrator, teacher, and former director of the film department at the Museum of Modern Art.

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a British fashion, portrait and war photographer, diarist, painter, and interior designer, as well as an Oscar–winning stage and costume designer for films and the theatre.

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an Australian-born, New York City-based portrait photographer known primarily for her elaborately-staged photographs of infants. Geddes's books have been published in 83 countries. According to Amazon.com, she has sold more than 18 million books and 13 million calendars.

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Canadian photographer known for his portraits of notable individuals. He has been described as one of the greatest portrait photographers of the 20th century. his portraits of important and famous men and women of politics, Hollywood, and the arts, from Albert Einstein and Sir Winston Churchill to Walt Disney and Grace Kelly

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a French photographer and painter, known for his photographs of automobile races, planes and female Parisian fashion models. the spontaneous, joyful photographs he took beginning in his boyhood and continuing throughout his life.

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a Hungarian–American war photographer and photojournalist. He is considered by some to be the greatest combat and adventure photographer in history. Friedman had fled political repression in Hungary when he was a teenager

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an American photographer, best known for his black-and-white photographs. His work featured an array of subjects, including celebrity portraits, male and female nudes, self-portraits, and still-life images.

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a German photographer and professor at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, Germany. He is known for his large format architecture and landscape colour photographs, often using a high point of view.

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an American photographer, freelancer, and photojournalist. His photo Afghan Girl, of a girl with piercing green eyes, has appeared on the cover of National Geographic several times. McCurry has photographed many assignments for National Geographic

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a French photographer. From the 1930s, he photographed the streets of Paris. He was a champion of humanist photography and with Henri Cartier-Bresson a pioneer of photojournalism. a champion of humanist photography and a pioneer of photojournalism. His iconic black and white images of life in Paris some of the most recognisable to this day.

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He is best known for his work in fashion, photography, which often references art history and sometimes conveys social messages. his commercial fashion portraits of celebrities and models, including photos of Amanda Lepore and Angelina Jolie.

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an American street photographer whose work was discovered and recognized after her death. She took more than 150,000 photographs during her lifetime, primarily of the people and architecture of Chicago, New York City, and Los Angeles

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Lee Miller was an American photographer who worked for British Vogue during the Second World War. She started working as a model, but was eager to move behind the camera. On the outbreak of war in 1939, Miller offered to work as a photographer for Vogue – an offer that was initially rejected.

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an American photographer. She received numerous one-person shows, including at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, which holds some of her work in its permanent collection. an Groover is well known for her formalist still life photographs of household utensils.

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She photographed a wide range of subjects including strippers, carnival performers, nudists, people with dwarfism, children, mothers, couples, elderly people, and middle-class families. Her most famous images are those of people outside the boundaries of “proper” society.

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a Hungarian-born photographer known for his groundbreaking contributions to photographic composition and the photo essay. In the early years of his career, his then-unorthodox camera angles and style prevented his work from gaining wider recognition. set the standard for the use of the handheld camera, created a highly autobiographical body of work, and developed a distinctive visual language.

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Shulman did not merely document significant architecture, but interpreted it, becoming one of the most important and influential architectural photographers in history.

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Her decades-long performative practice of photographing herself under different guises has produced many of contemporary art's most iconic and influential images.

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a Swiss American photographer and documentary filmmaker. His most notable work, the 1958 book titled The Americans, earned Frank comparisons to a modern-day de Tocqueville for his fresh and nuanced outsider's view of American society.

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best known for his work for the Farm Security Administration documenting the effects of the Great Depression. Much of Evans' work from the FSA period uses the large format.

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an American photographer and filmmaker who, along with fellow modernist photographers like Alfred Stieglitz and Edward Weston, helped establish photography as an art form in the 20th century.

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an American portrait photographer best known for her engaging portraits, particularly of celebrities, which often feature subjects in intimate settings and poses.

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an American photographer, composer, author, poet, and film director, who became prominent in U.S. documentary photojournalism in the 1940s through 1970s—particularly in issues of civil rights, poverty and African Americans—and in glamour photography.

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an American photographer known for his fashion photography, portraits, and still lifes. Penn's career included work at Vogue magazine, and independent advertising work for clients including Issey Miyake and Clinique.

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an American photographer known for her botanical photography, nudes, and industrial landscapes. Cunningham was a member of the California-based Group f/64, known for its dedication to the sharp-focus rendition of simple subjects.

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an American photographer and documentary photographer. She was arguably best known as the first foreign photographer permitted to take pictures of Soviet industry.  the first photographer for Fortune, the first Western professional photographer permitted into the Soviet Union, Life magazine's first female photographer, and the first female war correspondent credentialed to work in combat zones during World War II.

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Man Ray was an American visual artist who spent most of his career in Paris. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements. He was best known for his pioneering photography, and was a renowned fashion and portrait photographer. He is also noted for his work with photograms, which he called "rayographs" in reference to himself.

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an American photographer known for her photojournalism, documentary photography, portraiture, and advertising photography. She photographed people who were "away from mainstream society and toward its more interesting, often troubled fringes". an American photographer known for her photojournalism, documentary photography, portraiture, and advertising photography. She photographed people who were "away from mainstream society and toward its more interesting, often troubled fringes".

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an English photographer, who pioneered the use of colour in portrait photography. She used the professional name Madame Yevonde in a career lasting over 60 years. an innovator committed to colour photography when it was not considered a serious medium, Yevonde's work is significant in the history of British portrait photography. Her most renowned body of work is a series of women dressed as goddesses posed in surreal tableaux exhibited in 1935.

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Weston photographed an increasingly expansive set of subjects, including landscapes, still lifes, nudes, portraits, genre scenes, founded a collective called Group f/64. Sounding a death knell for Pictorialism, they championed the kind of sharply-detailed imagery now referred to as 'straight photography'.

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an American photographer and modern art promoter who was instrumental over his 50-year career in making photography an accepted art form. Stieglitz founded Photo-Secession, a radical and controversial movement that was influential in promoting photography as a fine art.

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a Luxembourgish American photographer, painter, and curator, renowned as one of the most prolific and influential figures in the history of photography. Steichen was credited with transforming photography into an art form.

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a French photographer and filmmaker, noted for his documentary images of jazz musicians. He is a member of Magnum Photos.

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a French inventor and one of the earliest pioneers of photography. Niépce developed heliography, a technique he used to create the world's oldest surviving product of a photographic process: a print made from a photoengraved printing plate in 1825. the first to make a permanent photographic image.

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a British photojournalist, particularly recognised for his war photography and images of urban strife. His career, which began in 1959, has specialised in examining the underside of society, and his photographs have depicted the unemployed, downtrodden and impoverished.

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a Scottish physicist with broad interests who was responsible for the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon. the speed of an electromagnetic wave was almost identical to the speed of light.

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an English photographer and physician who invented lightweight gelatin negative dry plates for photography in 1871. lightweight gelatin negative plates for photography in 1871, which enabled photographers to use commercial dry plates off the shelf instead of having to prepare their own emulsions in a mobile darkroom.