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61. Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France, Scenes from the Apocalypse from Bibles Moralisées

Gothic Europe

C. 1225-1245 C.E.

Illuminated manuscript (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum)

Other image below

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Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe, c. 700 C.E.

Illuminated manuscript (Ink, Pigments, and Gold on vellum)

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This illuminated manuscript is a codex. It has 259 pages in total, and these pages correlate to ones that are regularly referenced together. It was used at Lindisfarne Priory in ritual ceremonies. When they were raided by the Vikings it was transported to another town. When someone translated it into English, this became one of the first English Christian writings. Many of the pages were of the evangelists or symbolism relating to the gospel. Examples include Matthew Cross Carpet page, Luke's incipit, and John's gospel. Many of them feature curvilinear and overlapping forms. All of it was written in Latin most likely by a bishop named Eadfirth.

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1. Which evangelist is represented by the ox?

1. Matthew

2. John

3. Luke

4. Judas

2. What was this manuscript created on?

A. vellum

B. Papyrus

C. Clay Tablet

D. Barkcloth

3. What were the swirling forms in the backgrounds of the manuscripts typically representative of?

a. Gusts of wind

B. Twisting snakes

C. Intertwining weeds

B. None of the above they don't represent anything

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Ignore everything after this I cant delete it

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Ignore everything after this I cant delete it

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A codex and illuminated manuscript. 259 recorded pages. Side by side correlating pages for reference.

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Early Byzantine Europe

Early 6th Century CE

illuminated Manuscript (tempura, silver and gold on purple vellum

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Matthews Cross Carpet page

-A page that weaves together bird spirals and knots with the cross as a focal point

-Red outline for the sanctity of the cross

-Wine Glasses

Lukes Incipit

-Incipit means it believes

-Animals worked into the pattern

-Halo symbolizing divinity

-Ox symbolizing an evangelist

Johns Gospel

-Dense pattern of birds

-Pushing for Humility

-Stripes which have a negative view during this time

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-Read by monks during rituals in Lindisfarne Priory

-Translation of Original gospels allowing more people to read

-Keeps important Christian gospels

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These are the last pages of a moralized bible. It was patronized by Blanche of Castile for the French royal family and dedicated to her son, King Louis IX. Text and circular medallions depict scenes from the Old and New Testament and resemble stained glass windows. Blanche of Castile is in the top left, her hand gestures show her dominant role as the regent to King Louis IX. Teenage King Louis is in the top right, he sits on a throne and holds a Fleur-de-lis scepter topped by a bird in his right hand and a round object, maybe a seal matrix, in his left. On the bottom, an old monk dictates to a young scribe, who is drawing circles similar to scenes from the Apocalypse. Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX echo the pose of the Virgin Mary and Christ, suggesting their divine right to rule. Blanche gestures to Louis as well, representing the dedication of the manuscript to him. King Louis IX would have used this bible to learn about Christianity and his heavenly status as king.

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#64. Golden Haggadah (the plagues of egypt, scenes of liberation, and preparation for passover). Late midieval spain. 1320 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum).

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The Golden Haggadah’s ordered panels tell us the story of how the Jews escaped from egypt depicted in the book of exodus. The parts of the story include the plagues of egypt, scenes of liberation, and preparation for passover. This illuminated manuscript is crafted with gold leaf on vellum, highlighting the fact that the jews who owned this were extremeley wealthy and devoted to judaism. The book is quite small and portable and primarily used at home and read at passover seder. The illustrations would have been painted on by a christian while the hebrew scripture would have been written by a jew. This peice was made in a gothic french manuscript style and possesed 56 miniatures on it. The reason it would be read at home is if used in a synogogue, would violate the rules upheald about using holy images in contexts of the synagogue. Haggadah directly translates to narration, and narrarations in hebrew were read left to right, similarly to how we read. The book contains Hebrew scripture with subject material directly from the Exodus and genesis.