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Scenario 2: Lab grown organs [Bioengineer] 

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Scenario 2: Lab grown organs [Bioengineer] 

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Will they work like transplanted (real) organs?

Discuss if the scenario is beneficial or a threat to mankind?

Resource:

https://www.popsci.com/science/lab-grown-organs/#:~:text=Researchers%20have%20successfully%20printed%20a,and%20even%20a%20functioning%20heart.&text=But%20Oyen%20thinks%20it%20will,things%20without%20having%20the%20science.

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Research on the Technology that your group is assigned to. You may watch the videos and read the articles from the links provided, or do a Google search. Type down the main points of the technology.

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Discuss whether this Scenario is beneficial and/ or harmful to mankind. Elaborate your answers.

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Scenario 3: Selling/ buying organs in the black market 

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Scenario 3: Selling/ buying organs in the black market 

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Is it ethical?

Would you want to buy a black market organ if your loved one had an organ failure?

Can you put a monetary value to an organ?

Would you sell your organs for money?

Discuss if the scenario is beneficial or harmful to mankind.

Resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6GwyvbG7AM

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Comment on another group's findings and share your opinion(s) on the potential challenges.

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Scenario 1: Lab Grown Meat [Food Science Engineer]

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Scenario 1: Lab Grown Meat [Food Science Engineer]

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Is it real meat?

What are the cells missing from lab grown meat as compared to normal meat?

Discuss if lab grown meat is beneficial or harmful to mankind.

Resource:

Is it real meat?

What are the cells missing from lab grown meat as compared to normal meat?

https://www.bbc.com/news/business-65784505

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Scenario 4: Cloning of organisms [Geneticist] 

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Scenario 4: Cloning of organisms [Geneticist] 

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What do we require to clone an organism?

If the clone committed a crime, who is responsible for it?

Resource:

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/cloning/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYexAg2J6Kc

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Biology, Genetics, Health, Chemistry

Image

Photograph by Handout

Cloning is a technique scientists use to make exact genetic copies of living things. Genes, cells, tissues, and even whole animals can all be cloned.

Some clones already exist in nature. Single-celled organisms like bacteria make exact copies of themselves each time they reproduce. In humans, identical twins are similar to clones. They share almost the exact same genes. Identical twins are created when a fertilized egg splits in two.

Scientists also make clones in the lab. They often clone genes in order to study and better understand them. To clone a gene, researchers take DNA from a living creature and insert it into a carrier like bacteria or yeast. Every time that carrier reproduces, a new copy of the gene is made.

Animals are cloned in one of two ways. The first is called embryo twinning. Scientists first split an embryo in half. Those two halves are then placed in a mother's uterus. Each part of the embryo develops into a unique animal, and the two animals share the same genes. The second method is called somatic cell nuclear transfer. Somatic cells are all the cells that make up an organism, but that are not sperm or egg cells. Sperm and egg cells contain only one set of chromosomes, and when they join during fertilization, the mother's chromosomes merge with the father's. Somatic cells, on the other hand, already contain two full sets of chromosomes. To make a clone, scientists transfer the DNA from an animal's somatic cell into an egg cell that has had its nucleus and DNA removed. The egg develops into an embryo that contains the same genes as the cell donor. Then the embryo is implanted into an adult female's uterus to grow.

In 1996, Scottish scientists cloned the first animal, a sheep they named Dolly. She was cloned using an udder cell taken from an adult sheep. Since then, scientists have cloned cows, cats, deer, horses, and rabbits. They still have not cloned a human, though. In part, this is because it is difficult to produce a viable clone. In each attempt, there can be genetic mistakes that prevent the clone from surviving. It took scientists 276 attempts to get Dolly right. There are also ethical concerns about cloning a human being.

Researchers can use clones in many ways. An embryo made by cloning can be turned into a stem cell factory. Stem cells are an early form of cells that can grow into many different types of cells and tissues. Scientists can turn them into nerve cells to fix a damaged spinal cord or insulin-making cells to treat diabetes.

The cloning of animals has been used in a number of different applications. Animals have been cloned to have gene mutations that help scientists study diseases that develop in the animals. Livestock like cows and pigs have been cloned to produce more milk or meat. Clones can even "resurrect" a beloved pet that has died. In 2001, a cat named CC was the first pet to be created through cloning. Cloning might one day bring back extinct species like the woolly mammoth or giant panda.

National Geographic Society

October 19, 2023

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Cloning is a technique scientists use to create exact genetic replicas of genes, cells, or animals.

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Scenario 1:

Benefits:

Harmful:

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Scenario2 : lab grown organs

Benefits:

It provides an alternative way for those who are waiting for transplants and it resets the patient's immune system so it recognise the donor organ as its their own. It eliminates the need for life-long immune-suppression drugs. It reduces the shortage of organs, allowing transplants to be more accessible to patients in need. It can also reduce the need for animal testing. It reduces the rate of infection risk. As the lab mostly has clean environments and will minimise the risk of infection.

Harmful:

unknow health risk that could potentially be long-term or it could cause infections if it doesn't function properly. Adult stem cells, like the kind found in cord blood and bone marrow, have regenerative properties, but their potential is limited by their advanced developmental stage. They cannot be induced to develop into any other cell unless they are “reprogrammed” first.

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Members: Nicole, Venetia, Megan, Alannah

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Members: Nicole, Venetia, Megan, Alannah

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scenario 4: cloning of organisms

Benefits:

cloning allows for the creation of genes with no flaws.

Harmful:

It increases the birth size and a variety of defects in vital organs, such as the liver, brain and the heart. They would have premature aging and problems with the immune system. It can cause a mix up between the real person and the clone and can allow people to blame the wrong person with whatever they have done.

What do we require to clone an organism?

to make a clone, scientist would need to transfer the DNA from the animal's somatic cell into an egg cell that had its nucleus and DNA removed.

If the clone committed a crime, who is responsible for it?

The person who created cloning and scientist too for making this happen

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members : kaitlyn,natalie. grace,clarecia and sing en

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members : kaitlyn,natalie. grace,clarecia and sing en

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Scenario 1 : Lab grown meat

Benefits : Lab grown meat allows less animals to be killed per year, this way, animals such as cows, chickens, and pigs that humans would eat, are less prone to extinction.

Harmful : Some of the lab-grown meat are processed, so it is not very healthy to humans. Lab grown meat also produces between 4 and 25 times as much carbon dioxide as regular beef. This can cause global warming, since carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Lab grown meat also requires a lot of money to produce

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Scenario 3:

Benefits: If people are and poverty and are in desperate need of money, they may result in selling their organs for money to escape poverty and may even be rich depending on what ad how many organs they sell.

Harmful: There are many risks to be discussed before selling your organs. It is very dangerous selling your organs to an illegal source as the chances of not surving is fairly high.

If my family member had organ failure i would not buy organs off the black market as its really risky, instead go to the hospital but in dire siatuations may consider buying organs from the black market.

Your organs are priceless, health is definitely more important then anything else. But i could sell my organs for a higher price and just buy another one for cheaper in the end giving me a profit.

I would sell my organs if i am trying to escape poverty or just dont see the purpose in life anymore.

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Scenario 3: Selling or buying organs in the black market

Benefits: Allows recipients to buy organs for their surgery faster and cheaper

Harmful: The surgery is often unhygienic and can lead to further damage of the body.

May harm the economy as more people are buying from the black market and not hospitals.

Unethical as people who are desperate for quick cash and exploited for money and result them selling their organs or forced to sell it.

It can also result to further crimes like tax evasion, violence etc.

Therefore, I would not sell my organs or buy them in the black market as it is not ethical and may harm other people

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Scenario 1 (Lab grown meat)

Benefits: Lab grown meat helps to reduce environmental impact and improved animal welfare. With cultivated meat, you can adjust the medium in which the living cells are grown to add certain vitamins and nutrients that would alter, and perhaps improve, its nutritional quality.

Harmful: One study by the University of California, Davis even estimated that the process produces between 4 and 25 times as much carbon dioxide as regular beef. Ever since the first lab-grown burger, which cost a mere $330,000 (£263,400) to create. this shows that it is expensive to produced which is an disadvantage to those who cannot afford for it in the future.

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scenario 3: Selling/buying organs in the black market

Pros: You can save your loved one's life or other people who need it. You can get profit from the donation. You can be one step closer to getting out of the warzone.

Cons: They will not be concerned about hygiene when surgery and it might cause you to have chronic pain which causes you to not be able to work which causes you to have more debt

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Scenario 1: Lab grown meat

Is it real meat?

Yes! Lab grown meat is indeed real meat. Although lab grown meat is not identical to the meat you would get from an actual animal, it is made of the same cells and is mostly the same structure.

What are the cells missing from lab grown meat as compared to normal meat?

Lab grown meat contains the exact same cell types of regular meat, only excluding immune cells that would normally protect actual meat, and blood cells that would normally be present in actual meat.

Discussion of lab grown meat:

Lab grown meat is controversial as there is no consensus if it is harmful or beneficial to mankind.

The benefits of lab grown meat is that it would be more ethical. You could create and consume meat that would taste exactly like the real thing, without the slaughter of billions of animals. The lab grown meat can also be catered to the likes of other people as you can alter the amount of fat cells or meat cells. It can also protect endangered animals that are hunted for their meat such as the Bluefin Tuna. Vitamins, nutrients and proteins can be added to lab grown meat to make it more healthy to consume too.

The harmful effects of lab grown meat is that it is less safe to consume than regular meat. The lab grown meat does not contain immune cells which makes it much more susceptible to infections and disease, meaning you need to be much more cautious in creating, shipping and consuming the meat. Lab grown meat is also considerably more expensive than regular meat, making it harder to mass produce and make a profit due to the costs. Lab grown meat is also very inaccessible, only being sold in Singapore.

Overall, we think lab grown meat is beneficial to mankind, as it can reduce the slaughter of animals.

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Scenario 2:

Lab grown organs.

Organs grown in the lab could cause potential unknown diseases

Some are like miniature, lab-grown organs. Known as organoids, they may also carry out some of the same roles of the organs they're meant to mimic. With organoids, Smith and others hope to study how diseases might affect internal organs. Organoids also can stand in for our organs to test the effects of potential drugs.

the advantages of lab grown organisms are Organoids closely match the structure and function of full-size human organs. This allows researchers to study how many different diseases or viruses may affect human health. They also allow researchers to better understand stem cells.

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benefits:

it can help clone endangered animals away from extinction. Humans can clone animals which are going extinct and they can help with reproduction. Humans can also clone organs which can help with orang transplant. Some people with have brain tumor or cancer the clone brain can help with the transplant.

Harmful: Cloning animals have high risk of going wrong as it is not stable yet