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5 October 1968: Civil Rights March in Derry

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5 October 1968: Civil Rights March in Derry

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The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) organized a peaceful march in Derry that was violently suppressed by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). This event is often considered the beginning of The Troubles, highlighting discrimination against the Catholic minority.

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A three-day riot erupted in Derry's Bogside area when tensions between Catholic residents and the RUC reached a breaking point. This led to the deployment of British troops in Northern Ireland, initially welcomed by Catholics as protectors.

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British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a peaceful civil rights protest in Derry, killing 14. This event marked a significant escalation in the conflict and led to increased support for the IRA among the Catholic community.

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17 May 1974: Dublin and Monaghan Bombings

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17 May 1974: Dublin and Monaghan Bombings

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The deadliest day of The Troubles when loyalist paramilitaries planted four car bombs in Dublin and Monaghan, killing 33 civilians and injuring almost 300. No one was ever charged for the attacks.

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Republican prisoners, led by Bobby Sands, began hunger strikes in the Maze Prison demanding political prisoner status. Ten men died, including Sands who was elected as an MP during the strike. This event generated international attention and support for the Republican cause.

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15 December 1993: Downing Street Declaration

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15 December 1993: Downing Street Declaration

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British Prime Minister John Major and Irish Taoiseach Albert Reynolds signed this declaration, affirming Northern Ireland's right to self-determination and setting the stage for peace negotiations.

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The Provisional IRA announced a complete cessation of military operations, followed by loyalist paramilitaries' ceasefire in October. This paved the way for inclusive peace talks.

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The signing of the Belfast Agreement (Good Friday Agreement) marked the official end of The Troubles. It established a power-sharing assembly, reformed policing, and created new cross-border institutions. The agreement was approved by referendums in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

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It refers to the conflict that occurred in Northern Ireland from the late 1960’s to 1998

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Education Act, 1941 & Catholic leadership

Free secondary education for all

Increased funding for catholic schools

Grants for university courses

John Hume and Austin Currie

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Discrimination, local government, housing, jobs (factories built in Protestant areas) gerrymandering.

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Struggle for independence

1. Paramilitary tradition v physical force tradition

2. act of Union 1800 brought in direct rule

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NICRA organised marches in Derry and Belfast.

Terrance O’Neill wanted to improve relations. This made loyalists hate him.

UVF killed innocent catholics.

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5th October 1968, civil rights march,derry

Stopped by RUC

Police used batons and water cannons to stop

Cameras captured the beatings

O neill forced to bring in reform

Pasiely fought against those changes

O Neill forced to resign in 1969

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Conquest and Colonisation

The Ulster Plantation - land was given to Protestant planters

The famine - British refused to help starving and dying Irish

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The day the troubles began Albie Aaron and Glenn ☃️

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The day the troubles began Albie Aaron and Glenn ☃️

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The day the troubles began

5 of October 1968 civil rights march derry stopped by ruc used water

Violent clashes broke out

O neill forced to bring in reforms

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NICRA (1967)

﻿﻿Included marches, demonstrations and rioting in Derry & Belfast

﻿﻿Terence O'Neill made efforts to improve relations.

﻿﻿Loyalists (extreme

unionists) resented O'Neill

﻿﻿UVF formed and Catholics were killed.