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People's attraction to luxury items is more than just about the scarcity, price tag, and superior quality. It is largely driven by psychological factors like signaling social status, sensory perception, authenticity, and perceived history.

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"The utilitarian will worry that the money spent on these goods could be better spent elsewhere and might not be impressed with the luxury-goods-as-art argument" (Bloom 11)

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"The moralist will complain that they are superficial, that an obsession with consumer products destroys the soul" (Bloom 11)

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Evidence: Most if not all the people experience more enjoyment from goods they consider luxurious. Multiple studies agree with these statements by attaining similar if not identical results.

For example, A study was conducted at Stanford University where participants were given the same wine but told different prices; those who thought they were drinking the expensive wine reported higher satisfaction.

Analysis: This suggests that luxury is not just about the inherent quality but also about perceived value and expectation.

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1. "When The Supper at Emmaus was thought to have been painted by Vermeer, it was priceless; when it was discovered to be the work of forger Han van Meegeren, it became a relatively worthless curiosity." (Bloom 10)

Analysis: People prefer an original Vermeer over an identical fake because the originality and authenticity seem to be of value.

2. "Neuroimaging studies reveal that areas of the brain associated with pleasure are more active if you believe that you are drinking expensive wine." (Bloom 8)

Analysis: Studies show that people rate wine as tasting better when they believe it is expensive, even when it is the same wine.

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This perspective supports the thesis by showing that luxury value is tied to belief rather than objective material quality.

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1. "We want these things because of the pleasure we get from looking at and interacting with high-quality products" (Bloom 2)

Analysis: Luxury brands serve as social markers that differentiate high-status individuals from others.

2. Societies throughout history have used luxury goods (gold, fine clothing) as markers of power and prestige.

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This perspective aligns with the thesis by emphasizing the social and cultural role of luxury rather than intrinsic quality.

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"Signaling is a theory with broad scope—it has been applied to everything from self-mutilating behavior to the fact that the best private schools teach dead languages" (Bloom 3)

Analysis: The dead languages are taught not as a functional piece of knowledge but as a means of signaling prestige.

Some products increase in desirability as their price rises, contrary to normal economic principles.

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This perspective reinforces the idea that luxury is a socially constructed phenomenon driven by external perceptions rather than inherent value.

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"The shoppers know, after all, that they are stroking Armani suits.Would they react the same way if reaching into the discount track at Marshalls offered the same sensory experience?" (Bloom 5)

Analysis: People report greater satisfaction when using luxury materials like silk or high-end leather, even if the difference is minimal.

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This perspective shows that the sensory experience of luxury is shaped by perception and expectation rather than purely by objective quality.

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"The moralist should recognize that our appreciation of them is psychologically on par with other, more respected, human wants." (Bloom 11)

Analysis: Though the point may not be entirely incorrect, we cannot ignore that this admiration stems from basic human desires and psychological tendencies

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"The utilitarian should acknowledge that they are not pollution; they add to the value of our lives" (Bloom 11)

Analysis: Luxury goods and items are not just pollution, and granted, the money spent on them can be spent on other more necessary problems. They add meaning to human life and desires and cannot simply be classified as pollution

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These critiques challenge the legitimacy of luxury goods by questioning their ethical and social impact.