# data[].attributes.headline
King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty.c. 2490-2472 BCE. Greywacke. 

# data[].attributes.subject
King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty.c. 2490-2472 BCE. Greywacke. 

# data[].attributes.body
This sculpture in the round is of King Menkaure and queen. The two figures stand side-by-side on a square base. They are frontally seen. The bodies of the monarchs are idealized with no signs of age. The queen provides the perfect counterpart to the youthful king.

# data[].attributes.headline
Running horned woman. Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria. 6000-4000 BCE. Pigment on rock

# data[].attributes.subject
Running horned woman. Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria. 6000-4000 BCE. Pigment on rock

# data[].attributes.body
Tassili n’Ajjer is home to more than 15,000 rock paintings dating back to over 12,000 years.  The area it was found is famous for Round Head paintings first discovered by Henri Lhote in the 1950s.

The artwork is described as a humanoid with horns. The humanoid is much larger in size than other figures of the background. She is seen with garments and scarification. The other figures of the background are seen performing various actions. It is interpreted that she is performing a ritual.

The materials of the pigments used to make similar works are ochre, charcoal, kaolin, saliva, and animal fats. The animal fats and saliva were used as binders to adhere the pigment to the surface.

Possible Connections: Great Hall of the Bulls, both paintings on rock in the prehistoric era.

Sources:

Running horned woman, Tassili n’Ajjer by Dr. Nathalie Hager. Khan Academy. Accessed May 13, 2024 https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/global-prehistory-ap/paleolithic-mesolithic-neolithic-apah/a/running-horned-woman-tassili-najjer

Unit 1: Global Prehistory Artworks Presentation. Sylvie San Juan. Accessed May 13, 2024. Slides 21-24

# data[].attributes.headline
Madonna and Child with Two Angels. Fra Filipino Lippi. c. 1465 CE. Tempera on wood. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Madonna and Child with Two Angels. Fra Filipino Lippi. c. 1465 CE. Tempera on wood. 

# data[].attributes.body
The painting is a variation on the Madonna and Child Enthroned by Giotto. It is a very common theme in religious painting.

Mary’s hands are in a prayerful clasp. Mary is very contemplative as she looks at the baby Jesus. She is grateful for his presence and is seen understanding her job as a mother. Mary also has a thin halo over head which is a change from earlier Byzantine icons that had huge gold halos. This develops the theme of humanism as she is seen more as a mortal being rather than an immortal being because of the subtle details that underlie her religious importance.

Jesus is seen trying to embrace his mother Mary. Jesus is also held up by two angels. The angels are somewhat playful and happy to be lifting the baby Jesus.

Some formal elements of the work include atmospheric perspective and some idealism in the depiction of Mary.

At the time of creation, Fra. Filippo Lippi was extremely lustful and was always wandering around, procrastinating in his painting. Cosimo de Medici decided to have him locked up, so he could focus on painting, however he had no inspiration. After a while, he ran away. This story developed the idea that art is not made by a skilled master, but rather the master is inspired.

Works Cited

Fra Filippo Lippi, Madonna and Child with Two Angels by Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker. Smarthistory. https://smarthistory.org/lippi-madonna-and-child-with-two-angels/

Madonna and Child with Two Angels by Fillippo Lippi. Le Gallerie degli Uffizi. https://www.uffizi.it/en/artworks/lippi-madonna-and-child-with-two-angels

# data[].attributes.headline
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 BCE. Marble, painted details

# data[].attributes.subject
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 BCE. Marble, painted details

# data[].attributes.body
The Peplos Kore is a sculpture found at the Acropolis in 1886. It was found slightly northwest of the Erectheion in the “Korai Pit. It was theorized that the figure was a votive statue.

The Kore is named “Peplos Kore” because the garment she wears is the Peplos. Analysis by experts show that the kore was once painted with bright colors like green, red and blue.

Her right hand is extended downward and is clasping something. This suggests that the statue is probably a goddess, perhaps Artemis. This is because Artemis is usually seen gripping arrows in her right and a bow in her left.

The Peplos Kore is slightly asymmetrical. Her left shoulder is slightly higher than her right as a subtle reaction to the movement of her arm. This suggests that she actually did have an object in the other hand. Furthermore, her cape is not parallel to her belt and her head is slightly bent to the right. These additions make the Kore seem more naturalistic.

Statue of a Kore. The “Peplos Kore” Acropolis Museum https://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/en/statue-kore-peplos-kore

Peplos Kore by Dr. Monica Bulger. Smarthistory. https://smarthistory.org/peplos-kore/