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- Sumeen Agrawal

When our group decided that the topic for our padlet assignment is "Building Information Modelling". I had very little idea about the topic. So, what seems to be obvious, I googled the topic, which was the first step to begin my journey of becoming aware about this topic, which attracted my interest, just within few minutes.

I was able to find a couple of journals and a lot of pdf type documents relating to the topic. Then, I chose the journal posted as a reference on this padlet. It took me time to read about the topic with the help of documents and the posts in the various websites.

When I thought that I have enough of information on the topic, I was ready to post it on the padlet along with my group members; and the rest is evident before your eyes.

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- Sumeen Agrawal

Building InformationModeling (BIM) is emerging as an innovative way to manage projects. Building performance and predictability of outcomes are greatly improved by adopting BIM. As the use of BIM accelerates, collaboration within project teams should increase, which will lead to improved profitability, reduced costs, better time management and improved customer/client relationships. This has the potential to bring about great efficiency as well as harmony among players who all too often in the past saw themselves as adversaries. As in most paradigm shifts there will undoubtedly be risks associated with this change.

In the early stages of BIM, constructors worked from architectural plans since digital models were not shared by architects with contractors. The construction modelers inevitably discovered errors and inconsistencies in the plans as they created the BIM. This brought about a natural redundancy as the construction model put the design to this virtual building test. With a more trustful sharing of architectural drawings, which can be easily be imported and serve as the basis for the BIM model, there may be a loss of this critical checking phase. In other words when all players see themselves on the same team they may cease to look for and find mistakes in each other’s work. In the past, a lack of critical review has been at least one of the component ingredients of building failure.

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- Sumeen Agrawal

BIM finds its application in many fields. Some of them are:

1) Communication : The communication purpose of BIM is intended to present information about a facility in a method in which it can be shared or exchanged. This is often the last step of many other processes when a visualization, transformation, drawing, or document is developed to communicate information from that process to the next user of that information. This is one of the most valuable uses of BIM. It promotes and enhances communication and often reduces the time it takes to communicate.

2) Architectural drawing : While it might be possible to one day rid the industry of drawings and paper, this is not the case today. With that said, BIM improves the ability to develop drawings including detailing and annotating them. When the BIM model is updated, the corresponding drawings and sheets are also updated. This includes isometric, one line diagrams, figures and all other symbolic representations.

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The Power of BIM - An Introduction to Building Information Modeling

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Joe Binning, president of MEPcor, Inc., explains the benefits of building information modeling. Hi, Joe Binning, President of MEPcor, Inc Historically buildings have been designed using drawings to convey the mental vision to those who are assigned to build it. Typically there are hundreds or thousands of documents for each project.

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A group of professionals introduce the concept of BIM

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What is BIM? Transcript: [Mark Scott, associate principal] The easiest way to explain this to you, is that, before, we used to draw lines on paper. Then we went to drawing lines in the computer.

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The following is the questionaire made for conducting the survey (created using google forms) :

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- Sumeen Agrawal

1. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD): IPD is a method of project delivery distinguished by a contractual arrangement among a minimum of owner, constructor and design professional that aligns business interests of all parties. IPD motivates collaboration throughout the design and construction process, tying stakeholder success to project success, and embodies the contractual and behavioral principles.

2. Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie): It is an information exchange specification for the life-cycle capture and delivery of information needed by facility managers. COBie can be viewed in design, construction, and maintenance software as well as in simple spreadsheets. This versatility allows COBie to be used in all projects regardless of size and technological sophistication.

3. Radio Frequency Identification Tag (RFID): Radio frequency identification, or RFID, is a generic term for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify people or object. An RFID system consists of a tag, which is made up of a microchip with an antenna, and an interrogator or reader with an antenna. The reader sends out electromagnetic waves. The tag antenna is tuned to receive these waves. A passive RFID tag draws power from field created by the reader and uses it to power the microchip’s circuits. The chip then modulates the waves that the tag sends back to the reader and the reader converts the new waves into digital data. RFID tags are being used only to track materials at this point, but could be used to convey the product data of materials.

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1. Integaration of BIM and Business Stratergies - Joe Harris Published by McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University Evanston, IL

2. www.nationalbimlibrary.com

3. www.bimopedia.com

4. https://www.augi.com/library/bim-vs-communication

5. http://www.aia.org/about/initiatives/AIAS076981

6.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_beeFtrgQJE

7. http://www.autodesk.com/solutions/building-information-modeling/overview

8. http://www.bim.construction.com/

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Answer:

The most early adopters were the architectural firms, but more recently it is being used by the entire project team. The most typical users are architect, engineers, contractors, owners and facility managers.

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Question:

Who is using BIM nowadays?

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Answer:

Modeling limitation; freeform modelling is needed to design things like spline-shaped roof edges.

3D speed and robustness; purely parametric modelers can't handle the model size once details are added.

BIM slows down design at times; users spend too much time wrestling with the system.

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Question:

What are some of the limitations of competitors - Revit, in particular?

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Answer:

BIM facilitates prompt decision making and flawless construction planning through seamless collaboration between architects, engineers and contractors. BIM enables quick identification of problems and helps to avert system clashes. This saves time and cost.

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Question:

What are the benefits of using BIM?

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Answer :

A BIM object is a combination of many things. such as:

Information content that defines a product.

Product property, such as thermal resistance.

3D geometry representing the product's physical characteristics.

Visualization data giving the object a recognizable appearance.

Functional data, such as detection zones, htat enables a object to be positioned and behave in the same manner as the product itself.

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Question :

What is a BIM object?

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Integration of BIM and Business Stratergy - A Summary

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Integration of BIM and Business Stratergy - A Summary

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- Sumeen Agrawal

Building Information Modelling (BIM) provides a digital representation about the intrinic characteristic features of a building in an intelligent way. In another words, BIM is a means to understand the building through the use of digital model. It gets the right information to the right people at the right time, helping firms innovate and compete. It is also an effective communication tool and method in project delivery. It proposes strategies for better implementation to current technologies. It provides a structure to hold important project data and retain it for life cycle of building. BIM also manages the financial assets which would be most logical to integrate this aspect of business. It provides the optical structure to start the building.

BIM needs to be standardized or specified in information modelling. The technology need to be used to its full potential expanding the information model to include more of the building life cycle phases. Building Information Modelling is gaining momentum and will result in tremendous changes for everyone involved in engineering of buildings.

Hence, in a nutshell, BIM, if used to maximum of its potential, enables those who interact with the building in any form, to optimize their actions and work with greater efficiency resulting in a greater whole life value for the asset.

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Given below is the link for the survey created using Google Forms.

http://goo.gl/forms/SA4N1Klo8f

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New terms:-

1.AEC-Architechtural,Engineering and Construction

2.VDC-Virtual Design and Construction

3.Dimensional Modelling-a set of techniques and concepts used in data warehouse design. It is considered to be different from entity-relationship modeling (ER). Dimensional Modeling does not necessarily involve a relational database.

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How I collected my info(Krishna Prasad N)

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How I collected my info(Krishna Prasad N)

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The software Autodesk Revit particularly interested me. Hitting upon the topic BIM was a serendipity. When I forayed further into Revit, I discovered that Revit was a BIM software. Hence, my topic was decided. But the difficult part presented itself only then- the tiresome job of gathering information. Obviously, I Googled -BIM, 'BIM and its applications', 'BIM and its benefits', blah blah, you know. That's when i came across the journal JBIM, which had some interesting articles to offer. I was thrilled and even little amused that BIM should have a journal solely dedicated to it. On further 'Googling', I came across some very cool websites like www.bimhub.com, www,nibs.org which had a lot to offer in the form of case studies, comparative studies, surveys etc. apart from theoretical information. To be sure of what I was comprehending, I opened Youtube( Or was it already open?) and viewed some introductory videos , live project videos and case studies. It truly helped in identifying with the topic. Some more Googling and bravo!, I had enough resources to satisfy even the greediest.

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How I collected my info(Krishna Prasad N)

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How I collected my info(Krishna Prasad N)

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The software Autodesk Revit particularly interested me. On

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BIM applications and concluding the discussion

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BIM applications and concluding the discussion

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The major application of BIM is unquestionably in the construction industry, but not exclusively. BIM is more than just 3D simulation. It is a platform for centralising data related to a facility. Hence, another major application of BIM is in integrating different levels of work and enhancing team participation.For example, there might be a number of groups which work on different areas of the project and BIM allows for each group's data to be viewed by other groups, as it functions from a single central model and enabling effective clash detection.

BIM helps in designing electric circuits and making energy efficient structures.

But, BIM is still in its early days and it will take few more years before it becomes the quintessential Information Modeling technology. Given this, at present, it's more reliable features are

1)clash detection and

2)cost estimation, which are undoubtedly the more relevant too.

Hence, a study/project focusing on these two aspects of BIM is more likely to be feasible, given the current scenario. But, it must added with caution that it is never wise to zero in on a particular area of a technology that is fast developing. In the near future, it is highly probable that the areas of interest might change or even if it doesn't, there might have been a lot of updation in the chosen area itself.

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-Sumeen Agrawal

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based on a questionnaire survey carried out by Dean in 2007,it was concluded that construction management programs should teach BIM to their students. The main reasons behind this conclusion were: Approximately 70% of the industry participants indicated that they are either using or considering to use BIM in their companies. This trend indicates that the BIM utilization in the construction industry is going to increase. Approximately 75% of survey participants consider employment candidates with BIM skills to have an advantage over candidates who lack BIM knowledge.

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should BIM be taught as a subject to the construction management students?

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the need for well-developed practical strategies for the purposeful exchange and integration of meaningful information among the BIM model components and well-defined transactional construction process models to eliminate data interoperability issues.

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what is major challenge for BIM?

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there is no simple answer to the question of data ownership.both the design owners and team participants should work in unison and avoid conflicts,so that model potential is fully realised.

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how can the problem of dataownership be sovled?

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One who is paying for a design may feel entitled to own it ,but the people who provide the proprietary information may feel that their data need to be copyrighted as well.

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Does paying for a design also entitle the person or firm for the ownership of the data obtained from the software?

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1.Building Information Modeling (BIM): Benefits, Risks and Challenges Salman Azhar, Michael Hein and Blake Sketo McWhorter School of Building Science Auburn University Auburn, Alabama

2.www.nibs.org/

3.https;//the bimhub.com/

4.https;/www.wbdg.org/

5.Thompson, D.B., and Miner, R.G. (November 23, 2007). “Building Information Modeling - BIM: Contractual Risks are Changing with Technology” [WWW document] URL http://www.aepronet.org/ge/no35.html

6.CRC Construction Innovation. (2007). Adopting BIM for Facilities Management: Solutions for Managing the Sydney Opera House, Cooperative Research Center for Construction Innovation, Brisbane, Australia.

7.Bernstein, P.G., and Pittman, J.H. (2005). “Barriers to the Adoption of Building Information Modeling in the Building Industry”. Autodesk Building Solutions Whitepaper, Autodesk Inc., CA.

8.CIFE. (November 22, 2007). CIFE Technical Reports [WWW document] URL http://cife.stanford.edu/Publications/index.html

9. http://cife.stanford.edu/VDCsurvey.pdf

10.Khemlani, L.; Papamichael, K.; and Harfmann, A. (November 02, 2006). The Potential of Digital Building Modeling [WWW document]. URL http://www.aia.org/SiteObjects/files/potentialofdigital.pdf

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-G Sharath Kumar Rao

Building Information Modeling (BIM) represents the process of development and use of a computer generated model to simulate the planning, design, construction and operation of a facility.A BIM carries all information related to the building, including its physical and functional characteristics and project life cycle information, in a series of “smart objects”.BIM finds it applications in many purposes like Fabrication drawings,Forensic analysis,Code reviews,Faclities management,Construction sequencing,Visualization,collision detection,etc.Major advantage of BIM is its accuracy in geometrical representation of the parts of a building in an integrated data environment.Even many other benefits like better productivity,automated assembly,desing,etc.BIM solutions has top criteria in construction industry. It invovles some risks even,majorly the question ownership and protecion through copyright laws.Another issue is regarding control of data entry into the model and managing inaccuracies.Alack of critical review has been atleast one of the component ingredients of building failure. BIM is emerging as an innovative way to manage projecs.BIM will have fruitful results in construction industry in near future,if supported,encouraged it.

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Simulation of a city

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Autodesk Building Design Suite for Construction

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A visionary video that showcases Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction.

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a live project

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Autodesk Revit - BIM Building Information Modeling - Live Project mebdesign.co.uk

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A video featuring an in-progress project by MEB Design Architects. The video shows some of the features of Autodesk Revit and BIM Services from 3D walkthroughs to construction drawings, sections and 3D renders. MEB Design Architects www.mebdesign.co.uk

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5.Digital representation

Digital data, in information theory and information systems, are discrete, discontinuous representations of information or works, as contrasted with continuous, or analog signals which behave in a continuous manner, or represent information using a continuous function.

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4..Integrated Project Delivery

BIM is seen to be closely related to Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) where the primary motive is to bring the teams together early on in the project. A full implementation of BIM also requires the project teams to collaborate from the inception stage and formulate model sharing and ownership contract documents.The American Institute of Architects (AIA) currently defines IPD as "a project delivery method that integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to reduce waste and optimize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication and construction.

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3.Parametric Objects

BIM software defines objects parametrically; that is, the objects are defined as parameters and relations to other objects, so that if a related object is amended, dependent ones will automatically also change. Each model element can carry attributes for selecting and ordering them automatically, providing cost estimates as well as material tracking.

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2.Building Life Cycle(of a particular facility

We can categorize the life cycle stages as follows: “Pre-Natal” (under 2 years). During this stage, the building is in the process of being handed over from the developer to the first owners. The assets are new and are covered under a variety of warranties. Maintenance requirements are focused on cleaning activities and periodic inspections. Childhood” (2-16 years). During this period, the owners have assumed full responsibility for all the maintenance, repairs and long-range renewal planning for the building. With two years of expenditure experience, the owners have established a preventive maintenance program and are allocating monies to the long-range contingency reserve fund. The owners are starting to address some relatively small renewal projects, which are addressed in more detail in the next section. “Adolescence” (17-29 years). It is during this 3rd stage that the owners may find that the maintenance budgets established during the 2nd lifecycle stage may not be adequate to address the impending replacement of building assets that have deteriorated and reached the end of their useful service lives. This phase is represented by a noticeable increase in the number of capital renewal projects (which are discussed in the next section). This life stage often compels owners to seriously reconsider their historical budgeting practices and to make more reasonable funding allocations for asset renewals as the building moves through lifecycle stage 3 and into stage 4. Adulthood (30 to 49 years). The largest and most expensive of all asset renewal projects tend to occur during the 4th lifecycle stage. As a result, significant funds will need to be reinvested in the building and the standard operating and maintenance budgets will need to be revisited. Some of the assets have been replaced over the preceding 30-40 years and the owners and manager are now operating a building with assets at a variety of different ages. There is no longer a single baseline and the facility managers are tasked with tracking the different assets. Old Age (50 plus years). At this juncture, all the major assets have been through one renewal cycle. Therefore lifecycle Stage 5 is essentially a return to lifecycle Stage 2. The owners must now prepare for the next cycle of asset renewals as the building moves beyond its 50th anniversary and embarks upon the next 50 years of operations. Managing the Lifecycle Stages There are two tools that are most valuable to help the owners manage the asset during each of the five life cycle stages. These are: Maintenance Plan. The maintenance plan helps the owners control what happens at each lifecycle stage by ensuring that adequate maintenance is performed to achieve the full service life from the assets. Reserve Study. The reserve study helps the owners predict when the assets are likely to reach the end of their useful service life and to set aside sufficient monies in the reserve fund to offset the financial hardship of special levies.

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1. Interoperability

Interoperability is a property of a product or system, whose interfaces are completely understood, to work with other products or systems, present or future, without any restricted access or implementation. In the case of BIM, it refers to the ability of BIM software to perform in different environments.

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Given below is the link to the survey, created using Google Forms.

http://goo.gl/forms/5Wz2JmhKFB

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1.JBIM-Journal for Building Information Modeling, published by the National Institute of Building Sciences, Washington DC, USA. The spring 2012 and fall 2012 issues have been uploaded.

2. https://www.wbdg.org/

3. www.nibs.org/

4. https://the bimhub.com/

5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Qj9pI5us7o

6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgyhRk8smkk

7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ool5rRlxDhU

8. http://www.csemag.com/single-article/using-bim-in-electrical-power-design/80375b90ed175316507fa674c6506d45.html

9. http://www.scirp.org/journal/articles.aspx?searchCode=+Building+Information+Modeling+(BIM)&searchField=keyword&page=1

10.http://www.slideshare.net/cadoutsourcing/top-tenbenefitsofbiminconstructionindustry
11.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autodesk_ Revit

12. www.autodesk.in/products/revit-family/overview

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A video showing how BIM is being put to use for the construction of New NY Bridge

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New NY Bridge – Building Information Modeling

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http://www.NewNYBridge.com Bridge builders are using 3D technology to create the New NY Bridge in a virtual world. By utilizing state-of-the-art building information modeling (BIM), designers can handle an astonishing amount of information with the utmost efficiency.

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BIM - Building Information Modeling - is very much talked about in the building industry, but what is it really, what is it useful for, and who should use it? Watch this video to learn more. More info on ArchiCAD BIM: http://www.graphisoft.com/BIM Download ArchiCAD for free: https://myarchicad.com/

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BIM-An introductory video

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This video illustrates the powerful capabilities of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to streamline the design process. BIM seamlessly bridges gaps in communications between owners, architects, engineers, and contractors by giving visual representation of potential issues and allows for faster, more accurate resolutions.

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BIM being put to use during the construction of Stadium for London 2012 Olympics

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BIM being put to use during the construction of Stadium for London 2012 Olympics

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What do you understand by 'BIM Levels'?

Refer the following article

https://thebimhub.com/2015/06/25/bim-levels-explained/#.VgRLhzahfIU

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June 25, 2015

The concept of 'BIM levels' (and 'BIM level 2 compliance') has become the 'accepted' definition of what criteria are required to be deemed BIM-compliant, by seeing the adoption process as the next steps in a journey that has taken the industry from the drawing board to the computer and, ultimately, into the digital age.

The government has recognised that the process of moving the construction industry to 'full' collaborative working will be progressive, with distinct and recognisable milestones being defined within that process, in the form of 'levels'. These have been defined within a range from 0 to 3, and, whilst there is some debate about the exact meaning of each level, the broad concept is as follows:
Level 0 BIM
In its simplest form, level 0 effectively means no collaboration. 2D CAD drafting only is utilised, mainly for Production Information (RIBA Plan of Work 2013 stage 4). Output and distribution is via paper or electronic prints, or a mixture of both. The majority of the industry is already well ahead of this now (source: NBS National BIM Report 2014).
Level 1 BIM
This typically comprises a mixture of 3D CAD for concept work, and 2D for drafting of statutory approval documentation and Production Information. CAD standards are managed to BS 1192:2007, and electronic sharing of data is carried out from a common data environment (CDE), often managed by the contractor. This is the level at which many organisations are currently operating, although there is no collaboration between different disciplines - each publishes and maintains its own data.
Level 2 BIM
This is distinguished by collaborative working - all parties use their own 3D CAD models, but not necessarily working on a single, shared model. The collaboration comes in the form of how the information is exchanged between different parties - and is the crucial aspect of this level. Design information is shared through a common file format, which enables any organisation to be able to combine that data with their own in order to make a federated BIM model, and to carry out interrogative checks on it. Hence any CAD software that each party used must be capable of exporting to one of the common file formats such as IFC (Industry Foundation Class) or COBie (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange). This is the method of working that has been set as a minimum target by the UK government for all work on public-sector work, by 2016.
Level 3 BIM
Currently seen as the holy grail, this represents full collaboration between all disciplines by means of using a single, shared project model which is held in a centralized repository. All parties can access and modify that same model, and the benefit is that it removes the final layer of risk for conflicting information. This is known as 'Open BIM', and the UK government's target date for public-sector working is 2019? Current nervousness in the industry around issues such as copyright and liability are intended to be resolved - the former by means of robust appointment documents and software originator/read/write permissions, and the latter by shared-risk procurement routes such as partnering. The CIC BIM Protocol makes provision for these.
What this means in practice
The significance of these steps, in real terms, is that UK government has adopted this definition in its Construction Strategy, by requiring that all publicly-funded construction work must be undertaken by using Building Information Modelling to Level 2, by 2016. This mandate has been set as one measure to help in fulfilling their target of reducing waste in construction by 20%. It is considered that abortive work, discrepancies and mistakes, and inefficiencies in the information supply chain are major contributors to this waste; and that collaborative working can assist in their reduction. Looking further ahead, it is highly probable that collaborative working practices will ultimately filter through to the private sector, in much the same way that CAD took over from the drawing board during the 1990s.
4D BIM and beyond
Finally, the concept of '4D' BIM has become a buzzword in recent years. This equates to the use of BIM data to analyse time; beyond this are '5D' which includes cost management, and '6D' for facilities management (FM) purposes.

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The concept of 'BIM levels' (and 'BIM level 2 compliance') has become the 'accepted' definition of what criteria are required to be deemed BIM-compliant, by seeing the adoption process as the next steps in a journey that has taken the industry from the drawing board to the computer and, ultimately, into the digital age.

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What are some of the key benefits of BIM?

1.Improved Design

2.Cost Estimation and Reduction

3.Better Return Of Investment

4.Enhanced environment performance(eg: It has been found to significantly help reduce cost in the noise wall category)

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It is true BIM is expensive. But then companies must analyze for themselves whether they actually require this technology for the project they are working on. High profile projects can benefit a lot from using BIM in its initial stage. It would help in cost estimation and cost reduction significantly. Given below is an example-

https://thebimhub.com/2015/09/19/quantifying-bim-for-infrastructure-roi/#.VgQ_HTahfIU

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In the world of civil engineering, infrastructure owners, private consulting firms and contractors typically want to know how they will benefit before adopting new technologies and changing the way in which they work. Will less time be wasted, money be saved, or safety improved?

Anyone familiar with BIM will tell you that moving to an intelligent 3D-modeling workflow requires an investment. But how do you know if you're getting a return on your investment?

Success measurements in business has traditionally been improved project quality, more efficient execution, less time to market, less waste generation, lower cost and ultimately the best Return on Investment (ROI). So what is the best BIM for Infrastructure ROI?

The 2012 McGraw-Hill Construction SmartMarket Report on The Business Value of BIM for Infrastructure reported that BIM use on Infrastructure projects is being adopted at faster rates than when BIM was first introduced for building projects. Along with this adoption comes the desire to assign values to BIM for Infrastructure benefits, or even better, coming up with a repeatable way to calculate the real ROI of using BIM on infrastructure projects.

While no definitive, agreed upon approach has been established, we are beginning to see early adopters who are reporting quantifiable results.
BIM for Infrastructure ROI Results
One example of an early adopter is the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) whose story was featured recently in a TechBrief published by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration. The TechBrief reported that the WisDOT is recognizing that by adopting BIM workflows in planning and design, substantial savings can be realized in construction. Beyond the quantifiable paybacks they are experiencing, there are also anecdotal benefits such as improved productivity of operations, an enhanced bidding process and improved worker safety through increased construction awareness from easy review of complex details or processes on site.

According to the TechBrief, to determine quantifiable savings WisDOT completed an effort to develop an BIM for Infrastructure ROI estimating methodology for the use of 3D engineered models on their roadway projects. The methodology was established using data from a large interchange project as it neared completion. The interchange project was originally designed using traditional 2D plans, but the department decided to generate 3D models at the completion of the project to investigate potential cost savings that could be realized as the result of a change in process. WisDOT focused on specific opportunities for ROI within design issue notices (DIN) categories. DINs, sometimes referred to as engineering change notices (ECN), are changes to the design that become necessary due to an potential problem identified during construction.

What they found was that approximately $9.5 million, almost 50% of the costs resulting from contract change orders, could have been saved if an intelligent 3D-model based approach had been used on the project. The DIN categories with the largest opportunities for ROI were general structures, roadway drainage, wet utilities drainage, bridges and noise walls. The conclusion was that both the number of issues and the average cost per issue could be reduced if 3D engineered models were used during construction.
Cost Savings Found in Unexpected Places
The large opportunity for cost reductions in the noise wall category came as a bit of a surprise to me. Who would think that DINs related to noise walls would be so significant? In follow-up discussions with the DOT, I learned that the 3D modeling of noise walls is now considered as important as modeling something like earthworks. The amount of time it takes to model noise walls is small in comparison to the amount of time and money that can be saved as a result of a decrease in DINs.

Transitioning from 2D workflows to BIM doesn't happen overnight. Costs to adopt BIM for Infrastructure include training costs, software and hardware costs, as well as costs related to standards and methods development. However, infrastructure owners like WisDOT are proving that the initial costs pale in comparison to the long-term cost savings and benefits.

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In the world of civil engineering, infrastructure owners, private consulting firms and contractors typically want to know how they will benefit before adopting new technologies and changing the way in which they work. Will less time be wasted, money be saved, or safety improved?

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BIM is often expensive. Won't this prevent smaller construction firms from making use of this technology?

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It was initially founded as Charles River Software, by Leonid Raiz and Irwin Jungreis, and was later renamed Revit-a contraction of Revise-it, for it was known widely for its ease of making changes.. Two key advantages of Revit were that its parametric components were created using a graphical "family editor" rather than a programming language, and all relationships between components, views, and annotations were captured by the model so that a change to any element would automatically propagate to keep the model consistent.[1] For example, moving a wall would update the neighboring walls, floors, and roofs, correct the placement and values of dimensions and notes, adjust the floor areas reported in schedules, redraw section views, etc., so that the model would remain connected and all documentation would be coordinated.

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Autodesk Revit is one of the most popular BIM software used. What makes it stand out from other BIM software?

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Answer

In 2D CAD, structures are described by plans, sections etc. which are independent 2D views. It is more error prone than BIM.

In BIM, 3D simulation is used and uses spaces, walls, beams etc. It is more realistic and efficient.

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What is the principal difference between BIM and 2D CAD?

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Building Information Modeling- Theoretical background, Software available and Benefits- A  Summary

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Building Information Modeling- Theoretical background, Software available and Benefits- A  Summary

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-Krishna Prasad N

“BIM is an architectural process of Virtual Design and Construction that through the heavy use of technology integrates and connects information with the virtual model.” In layman's terms, it means that we build the project before we 'actually' build the project. BIM is a young, still developing area of technology which has an insane amount of potential to grow into one of the next big things in the field of construction. In all phases of a project, BIM programs allow the users to extract and modify data, thereby playing a huge role in cost estimation and cost reduction. Some of the popular BIM software available are Revit, Microstation and Tesla. Its use can vary with purpose- might be used at level 0 maturity level as a more powerful 2D drawing platform or at level 3 maturity level where a project is fully integrated with all the design team working off one central model. It's highly important that firms have a strong knowledge on BIM, to utilize it appropriately and do full justice to its potential.

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Given below is an article describing the benefits and challenges associated with BIM

-G Sharath Kumar Rao

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JBIM- A journal published by the National Institute of Building Sciences

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JBIM- A journal published by the National Institute of Building Sciences

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https://www.wbdg.org/pdfs/jbim_fall12.pdf

The link for the fall 2012 issue of  JBIM

-Krishna Prasad N

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JBIM-It's a journal focusing only on BIM and its applications in various sectors

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JBIM-It's a journal focusing only on BIM and its applications in various sectors

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Posted below is an issue that came out in the spring of 2012
-Krishna Prasad N