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Cervical cancer is when abnormal cells in the cervix (lower part of the uterus grow out of control.

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-HPV - not all forms of this virus causes cervical cancer
-Smoking tobacco
-HIV infection
-Immune system suppression
-Chlamydia infection
-Overweight
-Oral contraceptives
-Having three or more full-term pregnancies
-Having a full-term pregnancy before 17
-Poverty
-Family history of Cervical cancer

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-Abnormal vaginal bleeding
-Vaginal bleeding after menopause
-Vaginal bleeding after sex
-Bleeding or spotting between periods
-Longer or heavier bleeding during menstruation than usual
-Abnormal vaginal discharge
-Pain during sexual intercourse
-Pain during urination
-Pelvic pain not related to menstruation

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You can detect cervical cancer early if you get a pap smear (your doctor will collect cells from your cervix by using a swab) at least every 3 years between the ages of 21-65.
When a pap smear is combined with a HPV test, it is acceptable for women above 30 to get screened every 5 years instead of every 3.

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If abnormal cells are found on a pap smear, a colposcopy procedure or a conisation is performed. If abnormal areas are found, a sample of small tissue is taken for examination (biopsy). A pathologist studies the tissue to determine if cancer or precancerous(likely to develop into cancer if untreated) changes are present. If cancer is present you may receive, a x-ray, CT or MRI scan, cystoscopy, proctoscopy, or a manual pelvic exam under anesthesia.

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Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables could help prevent cervical cancer.
Foods rich in flavonoids, folate or carotenoids are helpful in preventing cervical cancer.

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-HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer
-Approximately 12,000 women get cervical cancer in the United States each year.
-Most cervical cancer cases are preventable

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-Surgery
-Radiation therapy
-Chemotherapy (chemo)
-Targeted therapy
In the early stages of cervical cancer, surgery or radiation combined with chemo is often the treatment.
In the later stages, the main treatment is radiation mixed with chemo.
Chemo by itself is used for advanced cervical cancer.

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Where you live does not cause or prevent cervical cancer. But, if you have many sexual partners, you have a greater chance of getting HPV; one of the main causes of cervical cancer.

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Cervical cancer usually occurs during midlife.
Half of the women diagnosed are between the age of 35-55.
Cervical cancer rarely affects women under the age of 20. Approximately 20% of diagnoses are made in women over the age of 65. Because of this, it is important for women to continue their screening until at least the age of 70.
Cervical cancer does not occur in men because they do not have cervixes.