# data[].attributes.headline
Here is another website that although it is quite detailed and long, guides you through some of the key elements of writing an article.

# data[].attributes.subject
Here is another website that although it is quite detailed and long, guides you through some of the key elements of writing an article.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
JOURNALISM: Gathering Information and Writing Your Story

University of Delaware Professor Ben Yagoda defines journalism as, "uncovering timely and previously not well-known information that, according to agreed-upon standards, is important; and conveying it to the public clearly, accurately, concisely, disinterestedly, and independently." As a journalist, the stories you write are meant to provide true facts to readers about issues or news going on in the world today. They are meant to be truthful, unbiased, and informative. According to Peter Cole, writer for The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/sep/25/writing.journalism "journalists write stories for their readers to tell them what is going on, to inform them, engage them, entertain them, shock them, amuse them, disturb them, and uplift them."

This webtext is an overview of the necessary skill sets to be successful in journalism, specifically, gathering information through interviews and asking the right questions. Readers will also learn how to organize that information and turn it into written work that includes unbiased writing, credible sources, and proper structure.

Gathering Information

The first step to writing a story involves gathering information about your topic. In order to do so, you need people who witnessed the event first hand or have extensive knowledge on said topic. In writing, especially in journalism, the information you use is the heart of your writing. Perhaps without details, sources, evidence, one's writing will not have the intended impact of informing your audience.

Conducting an Interview

When interviewing someone related or involved with a story, you are receiving information from primary sources. Before you begin interviewing someone, you need to make sure you know what questions to ask and how to ask them. Plan your interview as best you can and think carefully about the topics you want to cover. It would be helpful to write your questions out beforehand if you have time.

Questions to ask yourself before the interview:

1. What do you know and what do you need to know?

2. What are you trying to inform your audience about?

3. What are some of the outcomes? Not everyone will like your story or the topic you choose to write about so be prepared for negative feedback. Be aware of any ethical issues pertaining to your topic as well.

Rich Martin author of the book, "Living Journalism", who has more than 30 years of reporting and teaching experience, offers his advice about interviewing. These are some questions adopted from his list:

1. What organizational policies or professional guidelines should you consider?

2. How can you bring people with different perspectives and ideas into your decision making?

3. Who will be affected by your decision? Think about your topic and who will be reading about it.

4. How would you feel if roles were reversed and you were the subject of the story?

5. Are there ways to minimize harm while remaining true to the facts of the story?

Once you have answered these questions and feel as though you know a lot about the subject of matter then you can consider questions that you want to find out from the person you are interviewing. It's a given that you want to hear all sides of the story to prevent a biased opinion , but also keep in mind that there may not always be two sides to a story, so do your research. University of Delaware Professor of Journalism Ben Yagoda refers to this instance as False Equivalency. He refers to this example:

The flu vaccine. The question parents are asking themselves is should or shouldn't my child get the flu vaccine? Reporters may think there are two sides of this story and the truth lies in the middle, but it doesn't. "That would be saying that only a portion of children should get the flu vaccine when medical reports prove that all children should," says Yagoda.

With this in mind, think carefully about your topic to your story and whether it's apparent or not that there's two sides to look into. If so, plan for multiple interviews because as a journalist you do not want to have a biased opinion. If there is only one side of the story then do the research and interview accordingly.

Here are a few examples of types of questions you can use (adapted from Rich Martin). We have further explained underneath each type.

1. Ask open-ended questions: This means questions that have no fixed limit or that require your subject to provide details. Example: Do you like animals and why? As opposed to a closed-ended question that only requires one word answers. Example Do you like animals?

2. Avoid charged language or loaded words: This means questions that are not biased or come across to the subject as trying to persuade them towards a particular viewpoint. Your questions should not sound tough, but they should probe and issue.

3. Keep your questions short and focused: Don't overload them with details that will allow the subject to answer selectively.

Good questions illuminate issues and capture the personality and character of the people you're writing about. Also when interviewing someone, you need to be sure to explain who you are and what your job is. Journalism is about directness, precision, clarity, and not about confusing people. Questions are supposed to get answers. Questions that fail to get answers are not tough enough.

Tips on questions to ask the interviewee according to Yagoda:

1. Ask follow-up questions-which are sometimes the most important: Example: Yagoda read a story and in it the reporter quoted that his interviewee, "once drank a fine wine that helped him remember a specific memory". There was nothing further on the subject and Yagoda wanted to know more about what was stated in the quotation. He says, "This would be an example of an opportunity to ask a follow up question so the readers aren't left with questions. What was the type of wine he drank? What was the memory?

2. Do not just read off all the questions you have prepared.

3. If something the interviewee says is surprising or not clear then ask to explain further.

4. If another topic is brought up ask about that as well.

5. Educate yourself on the general topic.

After the questions are prepared and you feel confident about them, remember these final tips about conducting your interview:

1. Be Yourself. Don't act out of character.

2. Choose the right setting. Offices and homes are both appropriate and convenient to conduct interviews. Outdoors is also convenient if the story calls for it, but it can be noisy.

3. Tap into your subject's ability to remember the details of the event or situation.

4. Always ask why in order to fully understand what is being said.

5. Take notes.

6. Don't be late.

7. Dress appropriately

Interviews can be a multifaceted tool not just restricted to Journalism. They can also be used to help strengthen other forms of writing such as argumentative or research. Using interviews in this form of writing may prove to be more difficult than in Journalism due to the fact that Journalism is based on other people's accounts of an event and stories, while other forms of writing are based on other things such as data and research. An interview adds multiple points of view to help inform the reader of the topic and allow them to create their own opinion. If you are able to conduct an interview with a reliable source, it is strongly advised to do so as this will help strengthen your writing.

Using Credible Sources

One of the most important things in any form of writing when using an outside source is to make sure they are credible. A credible source is someone or a group of people respected in their fields of study. A Harvard Law professor is going to be a more credible source than a freshman at your local community college when looking for information about law, for example. If even one of the sources that you cite in your work is not credible, every single one of the other sources in that piece will be called into question. Credible sources are not hard to come by, but you must take the extra time to make absolutely sure that nothing your sources are saying could be called into question for credibility.

According to Purdue University's Online Writing Lab, there are a few questions you can ask yourself to determine if your sources are credible. Below, we expanded on some of these questions to better understand them.

1. Who is the author?

A credible author is going to be someone that has extensively studied the specific field you are writing about or need information about. Not only that, but they also will cite all of their sources in which you can check those as well for validity and backing to what your original author has written. This is also a great chance to find more possible sources to further your story.

2. How recent is the source?

The time in which a certain source was published will be important depending on what your topic is. A perfect example for this is found in the Purdue OWL which states that while information on the Civil War may be very old but still accurate, more modern topics such as computers or engineering must have more recent sources to stay relevant,

3. What is the author's purpose?

A very important thing to keep in mind when deciding to use a source or not is what the standpoint of that source is. Is it neutral or is it biased to one particular side? This can be very detrimental to your writing if you only choose sources that limit your information to one side of a debate.

4. What type of sources does your audience value?

What this question essentially means is that you need to write to your audience, so you should use sources that could be respected by your audience. Peer-reviewed journals and research logs would be a good source for academics and professionals, but people in your hometown might not value that as much as a mainstream source of information.

Writing a News Story

Now that you have asked the questions, checked the sources, and have all of your information gathered, it is time to write the story. Peter Cole says that journalistic writing is different than creative writing. A journalist's goals are to inform readers about what's going and to adhere to just the facts. What sets journalism apart from other forms of writing is not only the eye-catching titles and lead sentences, but also the focus on human interest that makes the reader feel close to the story. These are crucial tools to incorporate into your writing for successful journalism.

Structure of a Story

Before you begin writing your story you need make sure you organize your information. This means picking out key points and quotes from interviews, investigative notes and observation to support your story topic. Unlike an academic essay, the most important information should be in the beginning of your story and supporting facts throughout the rest of it. Matthew Speal, writer for Freelance Writing, and Jim Hall, author of "Beginning Reporting," highlight some key points to keep in mind when writing a news story:

The Lead:

"The Lead" can be one to two sentences in the opening paragraph or a separate introduction. It is used to grab the reader's attention and persuade them to keep reading, making it the most important part of the story. There are two main types of leads-direct and delayed. A direct lead, also called a summary lead, immediately reveals what the story is about. It answers the questions; who, what, where, why, and how in a couple sentences. A delayed lead sets the mood of the story rather than answering the what, where, why, and how questions right away. This lead can be used to create anticipation and gives the reader a reason to keep reading.

Heart of the Story:

When writing your story you need to be sure you've answered the following questions previously mentioned. Using this structure will help you to avoid any conflict pertaining to a lack of information. You also need to make sure your story flows together and is easy for the subject to read. Using quotes, an active voice, and short sentences are important as well.

Conclusion:

Two ways to end a story are with a quote and a circle ending. A circle ending means you return to a key point or idea mentioned in the lead. Find a quote that ties your story together and draw a conclusion from it.

Non-Biased Writing

One of the single most difficult things for a journalist to do is write their story without bias. Bias is the showing of favoritism towards a specific topic or view point. As a journalist, you will be faced with a wide variety of topics to write about; some of these topics you may have never heard of, while others may personally affect you or a loved one. Writing a story without bias is difficult because if that topic personally affects you, your first instinct will be to write to persuade the audience. This, however, is not the job of the journalist. A journalist's job is to truthfully inform the public about the facts of the story.

We conducted an interview with advertising student Nikki Marini of West Virginia University who also works at The Daily Athenaeum, West Virginia's school newspaper. During this interview, Marini was asked about her thoughts on non-biased journalism. She advises the following:

1. Your first obligation is to the truth and your first loyalty is to the public. By this Marini means that it is up to the journalist to bring the unbiased truth to the public.

2. Avoid making generalizations with potentially controversial subjects. Instead of using the word "all" use "some," or "often" instead of "always."

3. As you work through the writing process, try to remind yourself of the assignment you were given. With each sentence you add, ask yourself whether you are including it to better the article or to better argue your personal opinion on the topic.

4. Collaboration is key. When working on a story, you are sure to have some form of copy editor that will look over your work when you are done writing. A copy editor is someone who checks spelling, grammar, punctuation, and overall appearance of your story. Inform this person that you feel as though you may have been biased in your writing and they will be able to take a neutral look at your writing.

Example of bias writing from The New York Times

(The example below was directly quoted from The New York Times):

Journalism can be an incredibly informative and useful form of writing as long as the proper information gathering and writing techniques are employed. The most important thing to remember when writing is that you are writing with a goal of informing the public. Doing so requires that you include facts, not opinions, and provide as much information from both sides of any given issue as possible.
Resources:
For more information regarding these topics click the links below.

1. https://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp (Society of Professional Journalists)

2. https://www.thedaonline.com/ (The Daily Athenaeum, West Virginia University school newspaper)

3. https://kcnn.org/?s=accuracy+and+fact+checking+in+journalism&submit=Search (Knight Community News Network)

Sources:
Cole, Peter. "How Journalist Write." The Guardian. N.p., 24 Sept. 2008. Web. 8 Sept. 2014.
Hall, Jim. "Beginning Reporting: A Web Site for Beginning Reporters." Beginning Reporting: A Web Site for Beginning Rep
Hunter, Derek. "Textbook Example of Media Bias at the New York Times." Breitbart News Network. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Oct. 2014.orters. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2014.
Martin, Rich. Living Journalism: Principles & Practices for an Essential Profession. Scottsdale, AZ: Holcomb Hathaway, 2011. Print.
Speal, Matthew. "Beginning Reporting: A Web Site for Beginning Reporters." Beginning Reporting: A Web Site for Beginning Reporters. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2014.
"Welcome to the Purdue OWL." Purdue OWL: Establishing Arguments. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Sept. 2014.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Journalism: Gathering Information and Writing Your Story

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
JOURNALISM: Gathering Information and Writing Your Story University of Delaware Professor Ben Yagoda defines journalism as, "uncovering timely and previously not well-known information that, according to agreed-upon standards, is important; and conveying it to the public clearly, accurately, concisely, disinterestedly, and independently."

# data[].attributes.headline
Where do you actually find interesting ideas for stories. here are some suggestions.

# data[].attributes.subject
Where do you actually find interesting ideas for stories. here are some suggestions.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Original journalism: Finding stories

Original journalism can conflict with the demands of daily news output. BBC Belfast journalists show you how to spot stories in the most unlikely places.

Journalists have to produce more output now than ever before and this pressure can persuade you that the job is more about processing than investigating. The oceans of information and misinformation that are now accessible through social media can drown anyone trying to get at the truth.

But there are stories out there and both up to the minute and more traditional methods can play a part in helping you to discover them.

Original journalism doesn't necessarily mean coming up with a brand new story out of the blue. Sudden scoops or revealing information that comes from a long-term investigation are great, but developing original thoughts by assessing existing stories and picking out a new line or angle are equally important.
Social media and internet tools
Whether it's a Google advanced search, Twitter hashtag thread or a Facebook community, social media sites can help you to source original stories, new case studies, contacts and pictures. But social media and the internet present new journalistic challenges. The information may be easy to access but you need to ensure that it's genuine and the people authentic.

So they are a great resource to enhance traditional journalistic skills rather than replace them. Here, journalists in Leeds and Belfast set down their thoughts on finding good stories without a smartphone in sight:
Mindset and curiosity
Originality takes work, time and application - but the story begins with curiosity.

"If you've never come to work with a story that is your own, you need to start practising the art of finding a story," says one producer in Northern Ireland who remembers an editor who used to walk the length of a street and issue the challenge that in a 500-metre stretch he could find more stories than anyone else.

He took in the amount of litter, standards of parking, number of new cars, what traffic wardens were up to, and so on. All the observations he'd make had the potential to spark a line of enquiry. Yet how often do we pass building sites and never ask 'what are you building?'

Look to develop a mindset that makes it impossible to listen to someone, read a newspaper or walk down the street without thinking 'that looks or sounds odd - I wonder what it's really about?'

"Sudden scoops are great, but developing original thoughts by assessing existing stories and picking out a new line are equally important"

Listen to your initial reaction to any story or event. Will other people think that? What happens when you challenge that reaction - where does it take you?
Where to look
The non-news pages of everyday newspapers can be a rich source of original stories so long as you read them with your antennae waving.
Advertisements
Classified and small ads are always worth spending time on; people sell or want to buy strange things. The billionaire investor George Soros once advertised in the classified columns of the Economist to buy an entire, fully equipped hospital.

And stories of local personalities facing hard times have come out of local paper ads selling off stage props or medals, for example. You could make it a daily or weekly habit to scan the ads pages.
Notices
Look out for notifications of bankruptcy and ads for liquidation sales. When a big local name goes under, that's a story. When a number go in succession, that's a big story. Watch for patterns and keep track.
Legal notices
Legal and public announcements can point to major developments that haven't yet been made fully public. Apparently innocuous applications for 'changes of use' or to 'rights of way' can indicate something bigger.
Letters
Letters pages and blog comments are an obvious source of stories, especially when there are a lot on one subject. But look beyond the obvious - are there patterns?

Think about what the story could be behind a personal or emotional letter. The story is often in what the writer doesn't say or what underlies an otherwise obvious top line. If you feel there's something more to find out, make the follow-up call straight away before you persuade yourself there's probably nothing in it.
Follow the lead
A better story sometimes lies concealed behind a quite good one.

Phil Squire, a former BBC assistant news editor in Leeds, recalls how his breakfast programme once interviewed a guest who wanted more government support for families who'd had a relative die abroad. The guest's son had died while on holiday, which made his situation a story. He talked competently about procedure but it was his reaction to a question about how he felt he was treated by officials that made it powerful radio. "The guest took us on an emotional journey to the immediate aftermath of his son's death. That's what made people want to listen - not the top line about the campaign."
Get a life!
Journalists can get locked into their own world - dealing with press releases, official statements, briefings, picture feeds, editing... It's important to talk to people who don't work in the media and hear what's going on in their lives.

"There is absolutely no substitute for getting out and meeting people," says Paul Robinson, a senior programme producer in Belfast. "Listen to what 'real' people are talking about: on the train, in the pub, at public meetings, when they have you round for dinner.

"News is what people are talking about - not what we think they should be talking about."

Another Belfast producer had first-hand experience of this to take to one morning meeting. "I had a great chat with an old guy at a bus stop," she told her colleagues. "We talked for a few minutes and I said 'you seem to be in a great mood?' - to which he replied: 'I certainly am - my grandson's just been appointed organist at St Paul's Cathedral!'"
Listen carefully
Listening properly to another person means thinking not about yourself but what they are saying. Concentrate on the words they choose and the tone. People only take in a small percentage of what someone is saying. They make assumptions and finish their thoughts for them. By doing this, you will occasionally miss out on a big story.

Let 'the Heseltine incident' of December 2002 be a warning. This was the occasion at a BBC Christmas party when Lord Heseltine, former deputy leader of the Conservative Party, circulated from groups of top editors to groups of top correspondents, telling them that the parliamentary Conservative Party should 'go it alone' and elect its own leader in defiance of the party constitution giving ordinary members the last word. He was astonished that no BBC journalist picked up his inflammatory suggestion to run as a story. He repeated it several days later in an interview in The Independent - and suddenly the story was everywhere.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
BBC Academy - Journalism - Original journalism: Finding stories

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Original journalism can conflict with the demands of daily news output. BBC Belfast journalists show you how to spot stories in the most unlikely places. Journalists have to produce more output now than ever before and this pressure can persuade you that the job is more about processing than investigating.

# data[].attributes.headline
Remember  - first comes the idea, then comes the research. You need to answer some basic questions. Who or what is the story about? What happens in the story? How did it start? How does it end? What happened? How did it happen? Why did it happen? Where did it happen? When did it happen? Have fun!!

# data[].attributes.subject
Remember  - first comes the idea, then comes the research. You need to answer some basic questions. Who or what is the story about? What happens in the story? How did it start? How does it end? What happened? How did it happen? Why did it happen? Where did it happen? When did it happen? Have fun!!

# data[].attributes.headline
This Power Point helps explain how to write an article.

# data[].attributes.subject
This Power Point helps explain how to write an article.

# data[].attributes.headline
When we write an article we are essentially packaging information. This article explains the strange world of Heds, deks and ledes

# data[].attributes.subject
When we write an article we are essentially packaging information. This article explains the strange world of Heds, deks and ledes

# data[].attributes.body
dekes and ledes

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
When a copy editor applies a real or virtual red pencil to a piece of journalistic prose, he or she is likely to use weird spellings: hed for head (headline), dek for deck (subhead), lede for lead (first paragraph). The idea is that these intentional misspellings will help distinguish an editor's commentary from a writer's prose.

Whether this is a useful convention or just an antiquated habit I really can't say. But the principle of heads, decks, and leads matters more than ever, and not just in journalism. We're all publishers now in one way or another. None of us can predict the contexts in which what we publish will be found. But if we're careful about writing heads, decks, and leads, we'll improve the odds that it will be found.

You can apply this principle to any package of information: an email message, a blog post, an event listing. In an email message the head is clearly the Subject: line; in a blog posting it's the title. What about the deck? Here's where creative analogies come into play. In these cases, only the head will be seen when readers scan their inboxes or RSS feeds. So you might want to collapse the idea of head and deck into a single robust head. As for the lead, well, it's always best to begin an email message or a blog post with a compelling first paragraph.

Event listings are trickier. Here are some possible mappings for two examples from Facebook:

Example 1

Head: World History @ Starving Artist (Keene NH)

Deck: Sunday, November 14 · 8:00pm - 11:30pm, The Starving Artist, 10 West St, Keene, NH

Lead:
Music by: WORLD HISTORY, www.worldhistoryband.com, YOUNG MOUNTAIN, www.myspace.com/youngmountainnh,
ALL AGES are welcome, $5, http://www.thestarvingartistcollective.com/

Here the best analog for head (or title, or subject) is the What are you planning? field. A reasonable analog for deck combines the When? and Where? fields. And the More info? field maps neatly to the lead.

Example 2

Following the same pattern, we can map the head and the deck and omit the lead. Now, compare the two mappings. Example 2 lacks some critical information. And that missing information makes it less discoverable than Example 1. Can you spot what's missing? Here's a hint: It's not the absence of the lead. Another hint: It's not even the absence of a full street address including the city and state. The critical difference is that Example 1 includes the city and state in the head and Example 2 doesn't.

I only realized this when I added Facebook to the set of elmcity event sources. The elmcity service uses the Facebook graph API to search for events using search terms like "Keene, NH" or "Santa Rosa, CA." If you run that search for Keene you'll see that Example 1 shows up but Example 2 is missing in action.

Here's a version that would have worked for the Cold River Ranters:

Example 2a

Head: Cold River Ranters at Armadillo's Burritos, Keene, NH

Deck: Friday, November 5 · 7:00pm - 9:00pm, 82 Main Street

But here's a version that wouldn't have worked:

Example 2b

Head: Cold River Ranters at Armadillo's Burritos

Deck: Friday, November 5 · 7:00pm - 9:00pm, 82 Main Street, The Starving Artist, 10 West St, , Keene, NH

It seems that when you use Facebook's API to search for events, it only looks for your phrase in the heads. So, for example, if you searched Facebook events for Starving Artist the results would include:

The last of these is the same event that's included in a search for Keene, NH. By writing a head that includes the location, the Starving Artist Collective succeeded in making its event discoverable by Keene's event hub. By failing to include the location, the Cold River Ranters missed out on that opportunity. (So did Mary's Attic: A hub tuned to Facebook's virtual channel for Chicago events would have missed that one.)

I'm sure that neither the Starving Artist Collective nor the Cold River Ranters knows anything about the workings of the Facebook search API. But the Starving Artist Collective has intuited an crucial principle: Headlines matter. Always pack as much distinguishing data into them as available space allows. Heads will always be visible to a scan or a search; decks and leads are active in far fewer contexts. If your headline doesn't create access to those supporting contexts, it will be much harder for people to reach them serendipitously.

In this week's companion article I show how the elmcity service uses the Facebook API. If you're not a developer you won't care about that. But everybody should care about the principle of heads, decks, and leads. We're all publishers. We publish in order to be found, to be read, to connect, to have influence. When we're careful about how we package and layer our information, we become more effective publishers.
Related:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
When a copy editor applies a real or virtual red pencil to a piece of journalistic prose, he or she is likely to use weird spellings: hed for head (headline), dek for deck (subhead), lede for lead (first paragraph). The idea is that these intentional misspellings will help distinguish an editor's commentary from a writer's prose.

# data[].attributes.headline
Here is a website created by the BBC that might give you a few ideas.

# data[].attributes.subject
Here is a website created by the BBC that might give you a few ideas.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
BBC - Standard Grade Bitesize English - Newspapers and information leaflets : Revision

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A BBC Bitesize secondary school revision resource for Standard Grade English about newspapers: key features, extracts.

# data[].attributes.headline
First of all you have to understand that you are telling a story to an audience. That story is true and unbiased and has to be based on facts and information that you have researched from a variety of sources. Those sources have to be evaluated by you to assess whether they are reliable and trustworthy. Inaccuracies and careless reporting could result in you being sued in a court of law for Libel or Defamation. Of course you should always  avoid bias the position of a journalist is neutral, only reporting the facts. A journalist's job is to find answers to questions that members of the public cannot. It is a privileged position - it should never be abused. Think about cheque book journalism, the power of the editor, the whole process of editing and how that could affect the message you wish to communicate. The language you use is very precise - each word measured and chosen for it's meaning. Think about the power of images and how photographs can present a form of reality through the eye of the photographer - what was their intention - has it been edited or cropped or photos-hopped? All media messages are framed by context. Of course writing an article of general interest for a magazine about a specific topic or interest is much more informal and uses different language depending on the kind of magazine, the tone of the article, its aim and the impact it wishes to have on the readership. 

# data[].attributes.subject
First of all you have to understand that you are telling a story to an audience. That story is true and unbiased and has to be based on facts and information that you have researched from a variety of sources. Those sources have to be evaluated by you to assess whether they are reliable and trustworthy. Inaccuracies and careless reporting could result in you being sued in a court of law for Libel or Defamation. Of course you should always  avoid bias the position of a journalist is neutral, only reporting the facts. A journalist's job is to find answers to questions that members of the public cannot. It is a privileged position - it should never be abused. Think about cheque book journalism, the power of the editor, the whole process of editing and how that could affect the message you wish to communicate. The language you use is very precise - each word measured and chosen for it's meaning. Think about the power of images and how photographs can present a form of reality through the eye of the photographer - what was their intention - has it been edited or cropped or photos-hopped? All media messages are framed by context. Of course writing an article of general interest for a magazine about a specific topic or interest is much more informal and uses different language depending on the kind of magazine, the tone of the article, its aim and the impact it wishes to have on the readership. 

# data[].attributes.body
A