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1. How many litres of freshwater is available on Earth?
2. How long does it take for water to be desalinated

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1. Only 1% of water found on Earth is fresh water.
2. 1.1 billion people lack access to water and 2.7 billion people experience water scarcity at least one month a year.
3. In the US, at least 850,000 people die every year from lack of clean water, sanitation, and hygiene.

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In 2017, 71% of the global population (5.3 billion people) used a safely managed drinking-water service – that is, one located on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.
90% of the global population (6.8 billion people) used at least a basic service. A basic service is an improved drinking-water source within a round trip of 30 minutes to collect water.
785 million people lack even a basic drinking-water service, including 144 million people who are dependent on surface water.
Globally, at least 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with faeces.
Contaminated water can transmit diseases such diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and polio. Contaminated drinking water is estimated to cause 485 000 diarrhoeal deaths each year.
By 2025, half of the world’s population will be living in water-stressed areas.
In least developed countries, 22% of health care facilities have no water service, 21% no sanitation service, and 22% no waste management service.

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Drinking Water published on World Health Organization website
Published 14 June 2019
In 2017, 71% of the global population (5.3 billion people) used a safely managed drinking-water service – that is, one located on premises, available when needed, and free from contamination.

90% of the global population (6.8 billion people) used at least a basic service. A basic service is an improved drinking-water source within a round trip of 30 minutes to collect water.

785 million people lack even a basic drinking-water service, including 144 million people who are dependent on surface water.

Globally, at least 2 billion people use a drinking water source contaminated with faeces.

Contaminated water can transmit diseases such diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and polio. Contaminated drinking water is estimated to cause 485 000 diarrhoeal deaths each year.

By 2025, half of the world’s population will be living in water-stressed areas.

In least developed countries, 22% of health care facilities have no water service, 21% no sanitation service, and 22% no waste management service.

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1) Whether many countries are facing water scarcity and drought.
2) Whether the world's supply of fresh water is running out.

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What I want to know Q1

1) Fourteen of the world’s 20 megacities are now experiencing water scarcity or drought conditions. As many as four billion people already live in regions that experience severe water stress for at least one month of the year, according to a 2016 study in the journal Science Advances.
2) “Water scarcity and flood problems are primarily due to quick growth, increasing vulnerability, and insufficient preparation,” says Arjen Hoekstra, a professor of water management at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. “Climate change, however, is and will worsen the situation in most cases.”
3) Although food security has been significantly increased in the past thirty years, water withdrawals for irrigation represent 66 % of the total withdrawals and up to 90 % in arid regions, the other 34 % being used by domestic households (10 %), industry (20 %), or evaporated from reservoirs (4 %)

What I want to know Q2
4) The world's supply of fresh water is running out. Already one person in five has no access to safe drinking water.
5) Unsafe water is one of the world’s largest health and environmental problems – particularly for the poorest in the world.
6) Death rates from unsafe water sources give us an accurate comparison of differences in its mortality impacts between countries and over time.
7) Only 3% of the world’s water is fresh water, and two-thirds of that is tucked away in frozen glaciers or otherwise unavailable for our use.
8) At the current consumption rate, this situation will only get worse. By 2025, two-thirds of the world’s population may face water shortages. And ecosystems around the world will suffer even more.
9) Two million people, mostly children, die each year from diarrheal diseases alone.
Citations
1) https://ourworldindata.org/water-access#unsafe-water-is-a-leading-risk-factor-for-death
2)

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/world/2000/world_water_crisis/default.stm
3)

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2018/03/world-water-day-water-crisis-explained/
4)

https://www.worldwatercouncil.org/en/water-crisis
5)

https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity#close

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1.(for What I Want to Know Q1)
Peru cannot desalinate water as water desalination requires a lot of energy and damages the environment.

2.(for What I Want to Know Q2)
-Off the tap while brushing teeth by using a mug.
-Take shorter showers.(Aim for 5 minutes.)
-Use less water while doing laundry and washing dishes.
-Use low flush when you are flushing the toilet.
-(If you have plants)Use the water you cook your rice with to water your plants.

3.(for What I Want to Know Q3)

Not all countries can desalinate water as it requires a lot of energy, damages the environment, and is only viable for coastal communities. Also, poorer countries cannot afford water desalination.

4. More than half the world’s population is enduring extreme water scarcity for at least one month a year.

5. Current estimates predict that by 2040, up to 20 more countries could be experiencing water shortages.

6. Of Earth’s 37 major underground reservoirs, 21 are on track to be irreversibly emptied.

7. Most people would consume an estimated 3000 litres of water per day.

8. 92% of humanity’s water consumption is all spent on agriculture.

9. Some people (mostly women and children) who live in countries that face water scarcity must walk miles to find a water source that does not even have clean water.

***Resources:

For Q1 and Q3 What I Want to Know answers in What I Have Learnt:

https://www.hydrofinity.com/blog/why-desalination-is-not-the-answer-to-the-worlds-water-issues

and

https://healthebay.org/sites/default/files/Desalination%20FAQ%20Sheet_final.pdf

For Q2 What I Want to Know answers in What I Have Learnt:

https://www.americanrivers.org/rivers/discover-your-river/top-10-ways-for-you-to-save-water-at-home/

and

https://www.erc-co.org/10-simple-ways-save-water-home/

For 4, 5, 6, 7and 8 in What I Have Learnt:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCzYdNSJF-k&feature=emb_title

For 9 in What I have learnt:

http://www.takepart.com/feature/2015/03/22/charity-water-world-water-day

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3. Why can't all countries desalinate water?

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1. If Peru went through an economic boom and suffering from water shortage, why cant they just spend some of their money on water desalination?

2. What can we do to save water?

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1) Water covers 71% of the earth´s surface.
2) 97% of earth's liquid is seawater.
3) By 2040 , 20 more countries could be facing water shortages.

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1) 71% of the earth surface is water
2) Only 1% of water is drinkable
3) By 2040, 20 more countries will experience extreme water shortage.

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1) Water covers more than 71% of the earth´s surface but only 3% is drinkable.
2) The water cycle helps continuously produce and recycle water.
3) Rivers, lakes, underground aquifers, ground ice and permafrost are sources of water that humans are rapidly using.

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How much money is needed to desalinate 100 litres of water

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Qi Wen                                   Even though water covers 71% of the earth, only 0.3% of it is drinkable       

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Qi Wen                                   Even though water covers 71% of the earth, only 0.3% of it is drinkable       

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Conserving water is important because it keeps water pure and clean while protecting the environment.
Water regulates the Earth's temperature.

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Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface ( Before I thought it was 70%)

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I want to know how many litres of water the world has in its atmospere

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1. Water covers over 71% of the earth
2. More than half of the world's population endures extreme water scarcity for at least one month a year
3. Current estimates predict that by 2040 up to 20 more countries could be experiencing water shortages