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1970 -1971, Asia
Present-day Bangladesh, Dhaka

The Pakistan Genocide involved East and West Pakistan. East Pakistan known as present-day Bangladesh fell victim to Ethnic Cleansing by West Pakistan, a solely Muslim area in Pakistan. The Bengali people were killed in masses because they had non-muslim values. The Bengali Genocide had three-phase that took place.
1. Operation Search Light
2. Search and Destroy
3. Scorched Earth

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March 25,1971
First phase of the genocide took place in Dhaka. The Pakistan Army created a massive murder campaign utilizing heavy artillery in urban areas. Majority of the victims were Hindu students of Dhaka University.

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May - October 1971
During the 2nd phase, the Pakistan Army started to slaughter villages. This became the longest phase during the genocide because Bengali began to fight back. They used their knowledge of the land to outsmart the Pakistan Army. Also in this phase, the Pakistan Army targeted Bengali women to abduct, rape, and enslave.

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Early December, 1971
During the last phase intellectuals and professors were targeted in Dhaka. The Pakistan Army surrendered to the Indian Army ending the horrific genocide that took place for about a year. Bangladesh established themselves and their nation as peaceful and began the reconciliation process.

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What was the reason behind the ethnic cleansing or genocide? Why were the persecuted group targeted?

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What was the reason behind the ethnic cleansing or genocide? Why were the persecuted group targeted?

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The reason behind the genocide was because West Pakistan which was a majority Muslim area wanted to rid of all the Non-Muslim values and people. They called East Pakistan "a low-lying land of low-lying people” who they thought polluted Pakistan.

What was the prejudice?
That people who were not Muslims were inhumane or a waste of space just because they didn't follow the same traditions Muslims did.

What type of ethnic cleansing or genocide was this?
This event is labeled as genocide but I would definitely say it's a combination of genocide and crime against humanity because women were abducted and raped.

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How did this ethnic cleansing or genocide become known to the world?

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How did this ethnic cleansing or genocide become known to the world?

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A Pakistan journalist, Anthony Mascarenhas wrote an article about the scale of the Pakistan Army for the first time, that was published in the UK Sundays Time. It reached the US through Archor Blood, an American ambassador to India.

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What role did the government play in the ethnic cleansing or genocide?

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What role did the government play in the ethnic cleansing or genocide?

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The governments role in the genocide started in the beginning when the West got economical advantages and aid over the East because West Pakistan was in the political center. After the Bhola Cyclone which resulted in 500,000 dead in 1970 West Pakistan neglected to send aid to East Pakistan.

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What domestic affairs (or policies) were taking place at the time?

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What domestic affairs (or policies) were taking place at the time?

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There were no policies are domestic affairs that related directly to the events that happened in the Bengali Genocide.

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What actions did other nations take regarding this?

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What actions did other nations take regarding this?

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Many Nations turned a blind eye and many still refuse to believe this was a genocide. Unlike other nations, India in many words saved the Bengali people by forcing the Pakistan Army to stand down because they knew India's military was much stronger and powerful.

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Did any supranational organizations get involved?

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Did any supranational organizations get involved?

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No Supranational Organizations are documented helping during the genocide.

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What was taking place, at the time, internationally?

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What was taking place, at the time, internationally?

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In the 1970's several big events took place such as the Vietnam War. The Vietnam war was the battle against the US and Vietnam because the US  sent aid to South Vietnam to protect them from the communist government. Also, the Woman's rights were a part of the 1970's era.

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The death toll was estimated at a rough 3 million deaths and 400,000 rape, abduction, and sexual enslavement victims. Many university students and professors were targeted during this genocide. In the end, Pakistan ceasefire to the Indian Army. Bangladesh also came out of it as an independent country.

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Does this genocide encompassed all the steps?

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Does this genocide encompassed all the steps?

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No, the Bengali Genocide qualifies with all the steps except Symbolization
1. Classification - they classified all non - Muslims as  "a low-lying land of low-lying people”
2. Symbolization - None
3. Discrimination - against Bengali people
4. Dehumanization - The Mass killing and raping of Bengali People
5. Organization - Pai, the group who ran the rape camps
6. Polarization - Muslims and Non-Muslims
7. Preparation - Planned every attack and target.
8. Persecution - Bengali people were mass murdered by Pakistan Army.
9. Extermination - Slaughtered villages and Universities of Students and Professors.
10. Denial - Still today people deny that the Bengali Genocide occurred.

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"Abdul Bari had run out of luck. Like thousands of other people in East Bengal, he had made the mistake - the fatal mistake - of running within sight of a Pakistani patrol. He was 24 years old, a slight man surrounded by soldiers. He was trembling because he was about to be shot," written by Anthony Mascarenhas

"He told me that if he couldn't write the story of what he'd seen he'd never be able to write another word again." - Anthony Mascarenhas

“Twenty-two of us would lie like corpses in that room,” says Maleka a woman who was kidnapped and held in the rape camps. She was one of the few that we're able to live long enough to be released from the camps. Maleka's sister was not as lucky she could not bear the pain anymore and died in the camp before release. To hear more about Maleka's story watch the Rising Silence Movie.

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Rising Silence an award-winning documentary about what women had to go through during the Bengali Genocide and how the world refused to hear what they were going through. It was filmedby Leesa Gazi.
Stop Genocide is a 20 min film that documents the killings and horrific things that were done in Bangladesh. It was filmed by  Zahir Raihan.

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Slideshow

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Info.
https://sites.uab.edu/humanrights/2017/04/21/bangladesh-forgotten-genocide/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/genocide-us-cant-remember-bangladesh-cant-forget-180961490/
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-16207201
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2019/nov/05/bangladesh-1970s-camp-survivors-speak-out
https://www.genocidewatch.com/tenstages