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1. Muhammad Haziq Aiman Bin Abdul Rahim (AS09202)
2. Nur Hanis Insyirah Binti Md Kamal (AS09086)
3. Nurien Najiehah Bt Hamsa (AS09346)
4. Siti Balqis Binti Baharuddin (AS08892)

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Maisarah Binti Amran AS09225

Mohamad Alif Irfan bin Shamsuhaidi AS09149

Muhammad Tahfiz Izzudin bin Md Ridzaudin AS09687
Myo Thiri

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1. Nik Syahmi bin Nik Yusaimi (AS09121)
2. Muhammad Arif Qhuzairie bin Azman (AS09896)
3.Fatin Nadhirah binti Abu Bakar (AS09244)
4. Siti Nurhasnizah binti Abdul Latif (AS09439)

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Biotechnology e-Poster discussion Farah Khan  AS08875Nur Afifah Afnie bt mohd nor shokri    AS09564Nurul Amira Binti Mahazir   AS10061Hazrah Binti Zainul Abidin   AS10037 

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Biotechnology e-Poster discussion Farah Khan  AS08875Nur Afifah Afnie bt mohd nor shokri    AS09564Nurul Amira Binti Mahazir   AS10061Hazrah Binti Zainul Abidin   AS10037 

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1. Ain Farisah Binti Mohd Dahari (AS10062)
2. Farah Dinah Binti Farid Basheer (AS09786)
3. Nur Izzati Binti Mustafa (AS09279)
4. Nor Amanina Afiqah Binti Noor Isbihan (AS10137

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Endra Wawan Bin Dollah AS09911
Nurnilamsari Binti Shamshurim AS09000
Nur Najihah Binti Abdullah AS09551
Nurul Fariha Binti Ismail AS08992

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1. Akmal Fikri Bin Azman AS09974

2. Nurul Syazwani Binti Noor Zelan AS09210

3. Citra Elyssia Reyza AS08870

4. Nur Shuhadah Binti Zaharin AS09824

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Anisha Binti Alias
AS10021
Habibullah Mohammad Bashir

AS08872
Naily Faizon Binti Ahmad Faizon
AS09074

Muhammad Izzat Syahmi Bin Mohd Amijar
AS10046
CRISPR-Cas9 allow genetic material to be altered at particular locations in the genome of animals to produce human organ

PROS

Success in replacing complex organ and tissues such as heart and cornea

CONS

Complication to patient if does not suit

An engineered device or tissue that is implanted or integrated into living tissue of human to replace a natural organ

PROS

organ as no natural tissues are use for the immune system to attack

CONS

Only simple organ like windpipe has success

Task
CRISPR- Naily Faizon
Artifical- Izzat
Pros-Sha
Cons-Bashir

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Benjamin Tam Chee Keen - AS10157
Ainul Basyirah Bt Mohamed Nasir - AS09535
Masturah bt Mokhtar - AS10168
Izzah Adibah bt Kamal-Ludin - AS09912

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BIOTECHNOLOGY
what?/how
-biotechnology is  a technology based on biology.
-biotechnology develop technologies that improve our lives and the health
-it can combat debilitating and rare disease, reduce our environmental footprints, feed the hungry etc

ISSUE:
-The process of producing/ purchasing insulin is costly.
-Human could have adverse reaction to most animal forms of insulin.
-Religiously, the usage of insulin produced from pigs or dogs is considered to be forbidden.

SOLUTIONS:
-Genetically engineered bacteria
>>production of insulin
>>genetically modified bacteria

ADVANTAGES:
-Open up new possibilities for health care and may be more effective to save lives.
-Allows diabetics to use insulin that more identical to that of human than an animal and it is a cheaper option.
-Faster and larger macnufacturing production meets ever growing insulin demand yet less space is needed to 'farm' the bacteria.

DISADVANTAGES:
-Bad allergic / systematic reactions to recombinant insulin resulting in injury and death.
-Some prefer using pork or beef insulin.
-Quality control difficult in large quantities.
-Insulin gene could mutate ruining entire batch.

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1.  Ilham Shauqi bin Shahrir (AS09611)

2.  Muhammad Akmal Hazim bin Mohd Zaki (AS09431)

3. Nor Elianis binti Norkhairani (AS09582)

4. Nur Yasarah binti Che Muslim (AS09525)

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Please use English in this padlet

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Please write your full name for mark evaluation later. Thanks=)

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Please write your full name for mark evaluation later. Thanks=)

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Please refer to PutraBlast for the instruction and reference once you can access the system.

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Please refer to PutraBlast for the instruction and reference once you can access the system.

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1.antibiotics resistances
it will weaken the immune system
the pathogen will give the effect more worse than normal
human who ate the GMO crops which contain antibiotic resistance will easily fall sick
it also wilk change DNA bacteria in their small intestine,harm digestive system
2.allergergenicity
currently modified of soyabeans had been spread out across the global
soya allegenicity has increased in past 10 years old
developed skin allegencies due to the modified food
3. nutrional changes
recombination technique in GMO food
expectation of the experiment ,it will improve the quality nutrients food
In contrast,the nutrional changed will lead to the mutation of the nutrional food which can cause cancer
4.Formation of toxics
changes in farming practise linked to use of GMO
may result in toxics residue
higher levels of crop contamination with the herbicide roundup which are inevitable result of using GM roundup ready crops
5.costly
to modified the food GMO
it is required a research faculties
needed a lot of energy from the expert scienties
needed spesifics tool to do research or experiment for GMO

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Advantages :
- Products used to maintain health or prevent diseases.
- Chimeric receptors ensure that this therapy is a targeted therapy.
- CAR T-cell expansion inside the patient, however, has proven to be surprisingly challenging in most cases.

Disadvantages :
- It is expensive
- When CAR T cells go after cancer cells in large numbers, levels of immune chemicals called cytokines can rise dangerously.
- The immediate danger is a severe reaction, dubbed a cytokine storm, that begins with flu-like symptoms but can escalate into plummeting blood pressure, extreme confusion, hallucinations, tremors, and seizures.

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Biotechnology is technology based on biology that harnesses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives and the health of our planet. It is the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, and the other else.

HOW BIOTECHNOLOGY WORKS:

Biotechnology has been used in agriculture, food production, and medicine. Biotechnology has expanded to include new and diverse sciences such as genomics, recombinant gene techniques, applied immunology, and development of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic test. It is the application of biological organisms, systems, or processes by various industries to learning about the science of life and the improvement of the value of materials and organisms.

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Akmal Fikri - Advantages
Nurul Syazwani - Resource/How/ What and issues
Elyssia- Preparing and making the poster.
Nur Shuhadah- Disadvantages

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CAR T therapy
📍 A developed gene therapy technique to make T cells into better cancer fighters.
📍 An engineered T cells carry a chain of amino acids called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).
📍 CAR carrying T cells (CAR T) seek out cells that may be cancerous, the receptors on CAR T cells latch on cancer cells like key fitting into a lock and acts like a trigger (multiply like crazy) and kill the cancer cell.

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WHAT IS IT?
Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis. The type of illness a person develops on how the anthrax spores enter the body. Death may come to the infected if not treated with the proper antibiotics.

DISADVANTAGES?
When anthrax spores get inside the body, they can be “activated.” When they become active, the bacteria can multiply, spread out in the body, produce toxins (poisons), and cause severe illness.

SYMPTOMS?
By cut:

A group of small blisters or bumps that may itch

A painless skin sore (ulcer) with a black center that appears after the small blisters or bumps

By inhalation:

Fever and chills

Chest Discomfort

Dry Cough

By contaminated food/water:

Swelling of neck or neck glands

Sore throat

Painful swallowing

Nausea and vomiting, especially bloody vomiting

Diarrhea or bloody diarrhea

Stomach pain

Swelling of abdomen (stomach)

By injection:

A group of small blisters or bumps that may itch, then later painless ulcer appearing where the drug was injected

Swelling around the sore

Abscesses deep under the skin or in the muscle where the drug was injected

CURRENT ISSUES?
Anthrax bioterrorism (2001)

CDC Laoratory Incident (5-18 June 2014)

40 now hospitalised after Anthrax outbreak in Yamal, Russia (30 July 2016)

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-Biotechnology and Applicants of Biotechnology
-Microbiology
-Genetics
-Gene Therapy
-Animal Biotechnology
-Industrial Biotechnlogy

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What is GMC??
Involve inserting DNA into the genome of an organism by transferred new DNA.

Advantages
1. Improved nutritional content
2. Have longer life
3. Food supplies can be predicted

Disadvantages
1. Cause antibiotic resistance
2. May present carcinogen exposure risk

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Genetic modification of an animal involves altering its genetic material by adding, changing or removing certain DNA sequences.
— to modify specific characteristics of an animal or introduce a new trait, such as disease resistance or enhanced

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- what? -

•is a medical treatment that delivers a working copy of a gene to a cell in a person’s body.

-the working copy allows the body to produce protein that help the cell work effectively.

- advantages -

1)give someone with a genetic disease a chance to live
2)can used to eradicate disease
3)has potential to eliminate and prevent hereditary

-disadvantages-

1)the gene might be slotted into wrong spot
2)it is a costly treatment option
3)the gene might produce too much of missing enzyme or protein,causing other health problems.

-how it work?-
a) a modified virus used as a vector that genetically to deliver that new gene.
b)the vector injected directly into specific tissue in the body
c) Then, the vector (viruses) integrated their genetic material (new gene) into chromosome in human cell.
d) If the successful, the new gene will make a function protein.

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haziq aiman -advantages
hanis insyirah - what is?
siti balqis- disadvantages
nurien najiehah - how it works

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HIV Vaccine Protects Non-Human Primates Against Infection

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HIV Vaccine Protects Non-Human Primates Against Infection

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Information: Ben
Advantages: Ainul
Disadvantages: Masturah
Ethical Issues: Izzah

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Nur Yasarah - Basic info and what is?
Akmal Hazim & Ilham Shauqi - Disadvantages
Yanis - Ethical issues of now

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what?
GH is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth,cell reproduction and cell regeneration and other animals
advantages;
1.increase muscle mass
2.reduce amount of body fat
3.helps to sustain healthy bone density
4.aids in metabolism
5. maintaining cognitive abilities
disadvantages;
1.carpal tunnel syndrome
2.high cholestrol level
3.numb and tingling skin
4.growth of cancerous tumors
5.acromegaly
6.enlarged heart and liver failure
7.low blood sugar
8.enlarged breast in men (gynecomastia)

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dinah- definition
amanina-main issue
ain-advantages
izzati-disadvantages

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Nik- definition and process
Arif- disadvantages
Hasnizah- example
Fatin- advantages

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Alif - issues
Maisarah - advantages
Tahfiz - gmo meaning
Maria - Disadvantage

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Endra: Introduction
Nilam : How to make purple tomatoes
Najihah : Advantages
Fariha : Disadvantages
How
The tomatoes were modified by scientists at the John Innes Centre in Norfolk to contain two genes from the snapdragon which “switch on” a set of dormant genes in the tomato, causing them to produce more anthocyanin.
Advantages
1. Provide better health
-purple tomatoes have anthocyanins that offer protection against certain cancers,cardiovascular disease and age-related degenerative disease
2. Possibility of an increased shelf life
-purple tomatoes can be engineered to last longer once harvested, which makes it possible to extend the distribution life of the food product.
3. Fewer harmful agents need to be applied to purple tomatoes
-purples tomatoes are more resistant to pests, weeds, and other threats. That means farmers have less of a need to apply pesticides or herbicides to their crops, which saves them money and potentially increases the health benefits of the food being grown
Disadvantages
1.Potential for allergic reaction
-maybe a person is not allergic to one kind of tomato before, but after new proteins is added, you may experience the reaction.
2. Economic concerns
-widen the gap between the rich and poor as the price is quite high
3. Environmental ramifications
Genetically modified crops are often sprayed with chemical fertiliser and powerful pesticides which can contaminate the ground

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Thiery - collecting information from research
Nor Ikmal- prepare and design the e - poster
Nurul Izzati - discussing advantages
May Thuzar - searching for any related issues from this topic

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Origin of maiz

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1. Thiery Maldini Bin Madin
2. Muhammad Nor Ikmal Bin Muhamad Nazri
3. Nurul Izzati Binti Razman
4. May Thuzar Khing

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PURPOSE:
*Study the history (lineage) of maize

ADVANTAGES:
* Gain information about maize plant and creating opportunity to improve crops quality (corn)
* able to relate traits from ancestral plant with the current species

ISSUE:
* to fullfill the unstopabble demands on the food as the population keep arising
* corn is one of the important crops that need to be improves

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Vaccine
What is Vaccine?
Biological preparation that provide active acquired immunity to a particular diseases.
Advantages
- protects children from serious illnesses
-safe and effective
- if children are not vaccinated , they might spread diseases to other children who are too young to be vaccinated or people who have weakened immune system.

Disadvantages
- cause autism
- cause anaphylactic reaction
- not 100% effective
- contain more mercury than ever
- can cause mild or adverse side effects

Anti - vaccine
- parents refuse to allow their children to get vaccination
- lack of information and influenced by fake news

New vaccine
- HPV prevents cervix cancer
- for 11-12 years old girls
- not recommended for pregnant women

Tasks
Amirah- Current issues and poster
Hazrah- Disadvantages
Farah Khan- Advantages
Afifah- new vaccine c

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Advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified animals

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Advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified animals

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Advantages
- reproduce and grow faster
- resistant towards harmful diseases
- to require food sources

Disadvantages
- it is unethical
- costly
- unbalanced ecosystem

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antibiotics resistance
1.animal become mutate and produce a lot of good genes
it will help to increase the growth of animal
Example:the genes of cow have been mutated and produce alot of milk
2,change nutrional food
changes a lot genetic material that lead to cancer
E.Coli in the interstine will be effected
3.Costly
new and arrival laboratory and technology use in researching of genetic ,more expertscientist will be more cost

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DNA Extraction of an onion

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Transport in invertebrate and vertebrate animals
Our prezi links: https://prezi.com/tgkmwidlf89r/copy-of-transportation-the-circulatory-system/

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No pictures were taken during the Q&A session. sorry dr ^_^'

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Experiment Lab 3 (a)(i): DNA extraction from onion

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Group 2- Human cardiovascular system

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Result experiment 3B.i)

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Oogenesis

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Spermatogenesis

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Gastrulation

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Blastula

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Tadpole embryo

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Mammalian ovary

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Blastula