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What do we use the imperative for?
to give an order.

Go away.

Stop that.

Keep quiet.

to give instructions.

Don’t use this spray near a naked flame.

Apply the glue thinly and leave it for ten minutes.

To give advice or warnings.

Don’t forget to take your passport with you.

Be careful!

Don’t go on the ice.

to make an offer or an invitation.

Have a piece of cake.

Come round and see me some time.

The imperative of do + a main verb can be used:
for polite emphasis.

Do take your coat off.

to be persuasive.

Do try to eat a little of this; it will be good for you.

to show irritation.

Do stop talking! I’m trying to work.

Note: these are the only sentences in English that do not have a grammatical subject

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What do we use the imperative for?
to give an order.

Go away.

Stop that.

Keep quiet.

to give instructions.

Don’t use this spray near a naked flame.

Apply the glue thinly and leave it for ten minutes.

To give advice or warnings.

Don’t forget to take your passport with you.

Be careful!

Don’t go on the ice.

to make an offer or an invitation.

Have a piece of cake.

Come round and see me some time.

The imperative of do + a main verb can be used:
for polite emphasis.

Do take your coat off.

to be persuasive.

Do try to eat a little of this; it will be good for you.

to show irritation.

Do stop talking! I’m trying to work.

Note: these are the only sentences in English that do not have a grammatical subject

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·         To Give orders → Cierra la puerta cuando salgas

·         To give instructions → Sigue todo recto y luego gira a la izquierda

·         To give advise  → No vayas por ese camino, es más largo

·         To ask for something→ Préstame tu libro, por favor
In Spanish there are other ways to give advise and recommendations

TENER + QUE + infinitivo →  T ienes que descansar más (recomendaciones personales)

HAY + QUE + infinitivo → Hay que comer fruta y verdura (recomendaciones impersonales y generales)

ES NECESARIO/BUENO/IMPORTANTE→ Es importante llevar una dieta equilibrada (recomendaciones impersonales y generales)

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Affirmative Sentences:
Verb(base form) + Complement

E.g.  Be Happy!

Negative Sentences:
Do not + verb + complement
E.g. Don't worry!

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Affirmative

2nd person singular:

-Tú

It takes the 3rd person singular form of the Present Indicative Mood. E.g  Come toda la comida!

Exceptions: decir(di), hacer(haz), ir (ve), poner (pon), salir (sal), ser(sé), tener (ten), venir (ven)
-Vos
The -d is removed from the European vosotros form ; the final vowel is therefore usually stressed. E.g. Tened > tené, cantad > cantá
Pronominal verbs take the pronoun TE.
Example : Lavarse > lavate
(stressed on the 2nd a, the standard form is lávate)
E.g. Decile que pase- Dile que pase (Tú)- Tell him to come in
-Usted
It takes the 3rd person singular of the present subjuntive.
examples: Dígame- Tell me

plural

-Vosotros
It Takes the infinitive form and replace the final -r by -d.
Examples:  Comer- comed
Vosotros comed!
- Ustedes
It Takes the 3rd person plural form of the present subjuntive.
Examples: Diganme -Tell me
- Nosotros
It takes  the 2nd person plural form of the Present subjuntive.
Examples: Salgamos de aqui, hace calor.

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Some possible problems are:
-A learner of Spanish may have problems with the conjugations of the verbs for each person since in Spanish each person has its own form of the verb. Specially with the irregular forms.
- A learner of Spanish might have problems with attaching object pronouns to verbs.
-A problem in translation may be the translation of impersonal imperatives, since in English there is no an exact equivalent and no reflexive pronouns.
-A translation from English to Spanish might present problems when translating "you" into "vos", "usted" or "tú", the translator will have to take into account the culture and the style(formal or informal)
-The 1st person imperatives with the present subjunctive
will also pose some problems because the learner will have to know when to use it and when to avoid it for example with "vámonos" - " let´s go" in spoken language. The constraction generally used is "vamos a.."( ir a).
- The 3rd person imperatives will also present problems when translating the structure "que + subjunctive".

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First Person Imperative
The first person subjunctive can be used to make a first person imperative , e.e, let's go!. If the verb is pronominal the final -s is dropped before adding -nos.
Example: ¡Empecemos!- let's get started!
Except for vamonos ( let's go), informal spoken language tends to avoid this construction.
Third Person Imperatives
Third person imperativesforms consisting of que + subjunctive are common.
Examples: - Que llamn preguntando por su marido- There's a phone call for your husband. Que pasen- Let them come in.

This structure is tranlatable using some formula like " Tell him/her/them" , "Let him/her/them"

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It is possible to form an imperative with impersonal SE, there is no exact equivalent of this in English.  Much used in formal written Spanish to give instructions.
Example: cuezanse las patatas durante 15 minutos- Boil the potatoes for 15 minutes.

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Let’s (let + us) + main verb is used in the 1st person plural only, especially when you are trying to encourage someone to do something with you.

It includes both the speaker and the hearer, so the subject that is understood is represented by the plural we.

Let’s visit Malcolm this weekend.

Please let’s go to the cinema tonight.

Do let’s have a look at your new computer, Chris.

Let’s pool our resources.

Suggestions which start with let’s often end with the sentence tag shall we?

Let’s phone her now, shall we?

Let’s go for a walk after supper, shall we?

In ordinary English the negative is let’s not + main verb or sometimes don’t let’s + main verb.

Let’s not worry about that now.

Don’t let’s worry about that now.

In formal English, the negative is let us not + main verb.

Let us not lose sight of our aims.

Do let’s is the emphatic form.

It’s a very good bargain; do let’s buy it!

The uncontracted form let us + main verb is occasionally used in formal and written English.

Let us be clear about this.

Let us hope that this will never happen again.

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- The imperative form  in English is the same for all the persons whereas the in Spanish each person takes a different form.
- In Spanish object pronouns are attached to the verbs in affirmative forms.
-  It is not possible to form an imperative with Impersonal Se.

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Position of Object pronouns with the Imperative (Reflexive Pronuns- Spani)

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Position of Object pronouns with the Imperative (Reflexive Pronuns- Spani)

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When an imperative form is used with an object pronoun, the following rules apply:
a) Affirmative Imperatives
the pronouns are attache to the verb.
Example: Dame la mano- ponte/ ponete el saco.
b) Negative Imperatives
The pronoun precedes the verb.
Examples: No me sueltes la mano

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Foration of the Negative Imperative in Spanish

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Foration of the Negative Imperative in Spanish

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-All the persons use the corresponding conjugation of the present subjunctive .
Example: No vayamos a clases.