# data[].attributes.body
White, R., Wyn, J., & Robards, B. (2017). Youth and society. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com

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https://www.gransnet.com/forums/health/a1222565-Dangerous-self-harm-fad-amongst-teenagers

The "slitting" craze is impinging on one of my GC who is not even a teenager yet.

Website Forum.

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Teens using mobiles for self-harming competitions.

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/news/9835457/Teens-using-mobiles-for-self-harming-competitions.html

newspaper article 29th January 2013.

perfect example of moral panic- no evidence or facts just enough juicy writing to entice the reader.

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Nurses attitude to those who self harm.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Margaret_Mcallister2/publication/283713482_nurses_attitudes/links/56443af708ae451880a70e2f.pdf

Journal article.

Many nurses felt self harmers were a drain on the health system, received poor standard or care.

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Sane.org
https://www.sane.org/images/PDFs/1002-rb11.pdf

"people who self harmed were less likely to talk about it"

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Journal of Youth Studies. Richard Eckersley (2011) A new narrative of young people's health andwell-being, Journal of Youth Studies, 14:5 627-638. P632
The recent trend in youth suicide ( decreased) does not reflect an improvement in Mental health problems and intentional self harm (which increased in Australia over the period the youth suicide rate fell)

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https://www.mentalhelp.net/advice/self-harming-attention-seeker/

Young person admits to self harming to get attention. Advice given is that there are other mental health diagnosis that could be the reason she is seeking attention.

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Self-harm and self-injury. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts/self-harm-and-self-injury

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Self-harm refers to people deliberately hurting their bodies. With the right support people can find new ways to cope and change their self-harming habits.

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Australian Institute of Family Studies. (2017). New Research shows that self harm and suicidal behaviour a hidden danger for 14-15 year olds.  Retrieved from https://aifs.gov.au/media-releases/new-research-shows-self-harm-and-suicidal-behaviour-hidden-danger-14-15-year-olds

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The national study found that 10 per cent of 14-15 year-olds reported that they had self-harmed in the previous 12 months and 5 per cent had attempted suicide.

The Institute's Director, Anne Hollonds said the study - involving 3, 318 teenagers from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children - found that girls were at greater risk of self-harm and suicide than boys.

"A quarter of 14-15 year-old girls in the study said they had thoughts about self-harming and 15 per cent had self-harmed in the previous 12 months," Ms Hollonds said.

"This might have involved, for example taking an overdose or cutting in a deliberate act of self-harm.

"Boys in the study were less susceptible to self-harm, with 8 per cent of male 14-15 year-olds reporting that they had thoughts about self-harm and 4 per cent who had self-harmed.

"Similarly with suicide-related behaviour, 12 per cent of girls reported that they had thoughts of suicide and 6 per cent had made at least one attempt in the past year.

"This compared to the 6 per cent of boys who had thought about suicide and 4 per cent who had made an attempt in the same period.

"The findings indicate that self-harm and suicidal behaviour among Australian teenagers is a serious and often hidden problem that may be under-recorded in official statistics.

"The majority of incidents do not come to the attention of health services, or parents and friends.

"For example, of those who had attempted suicide, only 16 per cent had received any medical treatment."

AIFS' Executive Manager, Dr Galina Daraganova said the study examined the factors linked to self-harm and found some teens were more at risk than others.

"Teens who reported that they were same-sex attracted, bisexual or unsure of their sexuality were at greater risk of self-harm, than heterosexual teens," Dr Daraganova said.

"Other risk factors were teens with more reactive temperaments; depression; anxiety; general feelings of unhappiness; or who reported being threatened or feeling victimised by their peers because of their health, skin colour, sexual orientation, language culture or religion."

"Teens had an elevated risk of attempting suicide if they had self-harmed; were same-sex attracted, bisexual or unsure of their sexuality. Another risk factor was involvement in crime or property offences."

Dr Daraganova said the study reaffirmed an apparent link between self-harm and suicide attempts.

"Even though not every teenager who engages in self-harm proceeds with a suicide attempt, self-harm is a risk factor," she said.

"Of those who had attempted suicide, almost two-thirds (63 per cent) had self-harmed.

"Girls who had attempted suicide were twice as likely to have self-harmed than boys.

"However, unplanned suicide attempts were more common among males."

AIFS' Director, Ms Hollonds said the findings underline the need for community education and preventative strategies to support young people and their families.

"Health services and schools need to be aware of the risk factors and to support parents and friends to know how best to respond if they are concerned about a young person," she said.

"Caring for our young people at this vulnerable stage of life is a whole-of-community responsibility."

Lifeline Australia 13 11 14; Beyond Blue 1300 22 46 36; and Kids Helpline 1800 55 1800 operate national helplines.

The research is part of the AIFS' Longitudinal Study of Australian Children 2016 Annual Statistical Report Self-harm and suicidal behaviour of young people aged 14-15 years old.

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New research shows that self harm and suicidal behaviour a hidden danger for 14-15 year olds

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The national study found that 10 per cent of 14-15 year-olds reported that they had self-harmed in the previous 12 months and 5 per cent had attempted suicide. The Institute's Director, Anne Hollonds said the study - involving 3, 318 teenagers from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children - found that girls were at greater risk of self-harm and suicide than boys.

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Reachout: https://schools.au.reachout.com/articles/self-harm-attention-seeking

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Is self-harm linked to attention-seeking? | Understanding mental health | ReachOut Schools

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Self-harm isn't just attention seeking. Liesje Donking explains what it is and how to help. Learn more here.

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Hungerford, C., Clancy, R., Hodgson, D., & Jones, T. (2015). Mental Health Care : An Introduction for Health Professionals in Australia. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral.proquest.com
Mental health text book.

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yourtown (2018). Kids Helpline Insights 2017: National Statistical Overview . Retrieved from https://www.yourtown.com.au
Current statistics on calls placed to Kids Helpline in relation to self-harm in WA.

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Credible Source
Scholar Paper

Busted

Leo, D. D., & Heller, T. S. (2004). Who are the kids who self-harm? An Australian self-report school survey.  The Medical Journal of Australia, 181(3), 140-144. Retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2004/181/3/who-are-kids-who-self-harm-australian-self-report-school-survey

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Suicidal behaviour in adolescents is common, 1 and suicide is the leading cause of death in young Australians. 2 More startling is the number of young Australians who deliberately self-harm, with adolescent females engaging in substantially more acts of deliberate self-harm than males do. 3

In recent years, community surveys have been conducted to assess suicidal behaviours in Australian youth. 4 This method of data collection allows for population-based comparisons between people who report self-harm and those who do not. In a Queensland study, more than 60% of university-age students reported suicidal ideation, with 6.6% stating that they had performed at least one act of self-harm. 5

Despite advances in research into suicidal behaviours, a lack of consistent and analytically useful data has inhibited knowledge. Moreover, varying definitions have prevented useful comparisons of studies. As part of the current investigation, the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) group ( www.ncb.org.uk/projects/project_detail.asp?ProjectNo=145) has developed a definition consisting of predetermined criteria as to what constitutes an act of self-harm ( Box 1). The Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention is the only collaborator in this multisite study outside Europe.

The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with adolescent self-harm in an Australian population and to better understand adolescents' motivations for self-harm. Furthermore, we aimed to report on the extent to which self-harm is hidden within the community by identifying the proportion of self-reported self-harm episodes that are not presented at hospitals or mental health services. Coping strategies and help-seeking behaviour were also examined. 6

The Gold Coast, in Queensland, has a population of about 425 000. 7 All 29 coeducational schools (15 government, 14 independent) on the Gold Coast were approached to participate in the study, and 14 schools (10 government, 4 independent) agreed to take part. Reasons for non-participation included only having students up to Year 9 enrolled, schools not wanting interruptions to their curriculum, and refusal to allow material regarding suicidal behaviours to be given to students. All students enrolled in Year 10 and Year 11 from these 14 schools were invited to participate (n = 4097). A consent form was developed to provide an "opt out" option whereby parents who did not wish their children to participate were required to return the consent form.

Survey instrument

The 131-item instrument internationally developed for the CASE study ("Lifestyle and Coping Questionnaire") investigates sociodemography, lifestyle choices, recent stressors, suicidal thoughts and behaviours, personality items, and coping techniques. The Australian version includes a set of questions investigating self-prescribing of medication. Three standardised scales were also included: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 8 Plutchik's Impulsivity Scale, 9 and an abridged version of the Self Concept Scale. 10 The item of interest for the current study regarding deliberate self-harm (DSH) was "Have you ever deliberately taken an overdose (e.g. of pills or other medication) or tried to harm yourself in some other way (such as cut yourself)?". Response options were "No", "Yes, once", and "Yes, more than once". Students who indicated a history of at least one DSH episode completed a series of questions about their most recent DSH episode. These included an open-ended description of the DSH, when the last episode took place, motives for the actions, help-seeking behaviour, and hospitalisation after the act.

Ethics approval was gained from the Griffith University Human Ethics Committee and the Gold Coast Health District Ethics Committee before data collection began. Participants completed the questionnaire in group settings between 1 and 30 September 2002. Anonymity and confidentiality were assured by test administrators. The survey took about 30 minutes to complete, and researchers were available to discuss any questions at all times during the survey administration. Participants were advised of available clinical services, and a clinical psychologist was present at all testing sessions. Immediately following the survey administration, students were involved in focus-group discussions regarding the content and administration of the questionnaire.

Data treatment

For students who indicated a history of DSH, a member of the research team (T S H) evaluated the open-ended description of the act to determine if the incident matched the CASE definition. Responses were coded as "Definitely DSH", "Not DSH", "Undecided", or "No DSH information given". An additional researcher independently examined cases that were deemed "Undecided", and a consensus decision was made. Ingestion of any amount of illicit drugs (in answer to general lifestyle questions) was considered to be in excess. However, this was only considered "Definitely DSH" when the respondent indicated that he or she had used illicit drugs specifically in response to questions on their DSH episode.

Statistical techniques used included descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, χ 2 test of independence, and multiple logistic regression. For all analyses, significance was taken as P < 0.01, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated where necessary. Backward-selection multiple logistic regression was used to identify a list of associated factors (including recent life events, psychopathology, coping strategies, and lifestyle choices) at the P < 0.01 level. 11 We analysed the data with SPSS. 12

Factors that were adjusted for in the multiple logistic regression are listed in Box 2.

On the day that their schools completed the questionnaire in September 2002, 3767 students were in attendance. Ten students did not participate because their parents refused consent. The 8% absenteeism rate was normal, so there appeared to be no effect on attendance levels because of the study taking place. Overall, the response rate was 91.7% (3757/4097).

Participants did not differ significantly from adolescents across Queensland or Australia in terms of sex distribution, proportion of population, or enrolments at types of educational institution, except that the Gold Coast had fewer Catholic school enrolments, and more independent school enrolments ( Box 3). 13

Given a conservative postulated prevalence of 4% for DSH (based on previous findings 14), with a 95% confidence interval of 3.4% to 4.6%, the final sample approximated the expected sample of 4000.

Prevalence of DSH

The average age of respondents was 15.4 years (95% CI, 15.37-15.42 years). A lifetime history of DSH was reported by 464 of 3757 students (12.4%). DSH in the previous 12 months was reported by 317 students (8.4%), of whom 233 (6.2% of total) described an act that satisfied our criteria. Forty-one per cent of males (23 of 56) who reported self-harm in the previous year did not include a description of their episode, and could not be matched against the study criteria, compared with 16% (41 of 259) of females.

Among those who described DSH episodes fitting our criteria, females (200 of 1800; 11.1%) were more likely than males (33 of 1943; 1.6%) to have self-harmed in the previous year (OR, 7.5; 95% CI, 5.1-10.9). For 24 respondents (10.3%), DSH had resulted in hospital presentation.

The main methods used for the 233 DSH episodes were cutting (138; 59.2%), overdose of medication (69; 29.6%), illicit drugs (7; 3.0%), self-battery (5; 2.2%), hanging (4; 1.7%), and sniffing/inhalation (4; 1.7%). For statistical purposes, all methods other than self-cutting and overdose were aggregated to form one category of "other" methods. There was no association between the methods of DSH and frequency of hospital presentation (χ 2 = 0.93, df = 2, P = 0.629).

Factors associated with DSH

Insufficient numbers of males meeting the DSH criteria prevented a direct comparison of potential interactions between sex and other variables. Therefore, multivariate analyses were conducted for females alone, and for total respondents, to determine the contribution of adding males to the equation.

In multiple logistic regression, factors significantly associated with increased deliberate self-harm (P < 0.01) in the previous year in females were exposure to self-harm in friends or family members, sexual orientation worries, smoking (fewer than 5 cigarettes per week), low self-esteem, and "other" distressing events ( Box 4). For the total sample, exposure to self-harm in friends or family members, smoking (fewer than 5 cigarettes per week), boyfriend/girlfriend problems, amphetamine use, self-prescribing medication, coping by blaming self for getting in distressing situations, and "other" distressing events were significantly associated with DSH ( Box 4). Living with one parent was associated with lower rates of DSH for females and for the total sample.

Time to engage in DSH

More than a third of respondents (36.1%; 84 of 233) engaged in self-harm less than an hour after first thinking of doing so, and an additional 30 respondents (12.9%) thought about harming themselves for between 1 and 24 hours before taking action. Conversely, 20.6% (48 of 233) had thought about harming themselves for more than 1 month before acting. The method of DSH did not vary according to the length of time that self-harmers thought about their actions (P = 0.402).

Help-seeking behaviours

Help-seeking behaviours of self-harmers were very similar before and after the most recent instance of DSH, with friends the preferred source of help ( Box 5). There was no sex difference among respondents who sought help before DSH (89 females, 15 males; P = 0.802); however, there was a non-significant trend for females to seek help from telephone helplines (8/89 [9.0%] females, 0 males; P = 0.227) and teachers (6/89 [6.7%] females, 0 males; P = 0.300). Friends (61.4%) and mother (18.5%) were most likely to know that the respondent had self-harmed, and few GPs (2.6%) or mental health workers (7.3%) were made aware of these actions.

Discussion

In this study, prevalence rates (6.2% of total sample; 11.1% of females) were consistent with those of a recent English study using the same criteria for DSH. 6 As only 10.3% of the self-harmers in our study presented for hospital treatment, it appears that investigations of DSH based on monitoring studies of adolescents severely under-report the extent of the problem. Self-cutting and overdose were the most common methods of self-harm, consistent with previous community-based investigations. 15, 16

The factors that had the strongest association with DSH were exposure to self-harm in family and in friends. The Gold Coast Health District Ethics Committee did not permit the coding of individual schools, because schools felt their anonymity may be compromised. Therefore, it was not possible to determine if there was a school-based clustering of DSH. "Copycat" DSH has been shown to increase suicide 17 and self-harm 18, 19 in adolescent populations; however, despite the lack of specific assessment in the current study, it is reasonable to assume that this was not the case because of the similarly weighted prevalence of DSH by family members, which would not have the same type of contagion effects.

Most students who had self-harmed did not seek help for the problems that preceded their act. However, those who did seek help (before and after the act) consulted their friends and family in preference to medical and mental health services. Telephone counsellors were used by a very small proportion of self-harmers, despite the attention and funding given to this service as a component of Australia's National Youth Suicide Prevention Strategy since 1995. 20 Given the lack of evidence of any effect on suicide rates for these services, 21 perhaps a comprehensive evaluation of their accessibility and efficacy should be performed. Primary prevention of suicidal behaviours among adolescents should include educating young people in the use of professional services to deal with their problems.

Although absenteeism was not greater than normal at the schools when the study took place, those absent may be at increased risk of self-harming behaviour. Truancy is reported by more adolescent female self-harmers than non-self-harmers. 22 Furthermore, those absent from school have elevated levels of psychopathology 23 and engage in more frequent high-risk behaviours. 24 Therefore, our results may underestimate the problems of DSH among adolescents.

The results of this study can only be generalised to coeducational school students. Future research should include students from all school types.

The definition of DSH did not differentiate between self-cutting and habitual self-mutilation. Self-mutilation is not considered a suicidal act, 25 but respondents' reporting of this behaviour could contribute to an over-representation of DSH, as self-cutting was the most common method of self-harm reported.

With many factors potentially related (eg, problems in making friends and depression), there is a risk of collinearity. However, multiple variables were retained because associated factors are invariably interrelated in studies of suicidality.

A further limitation is the low number of males who met the criteria for DSH, preventing multivariate analyses by sex. In addition, a large proportion of males who reported DSH did not describe their episode, and so had to be excluded from analyses because the CASE criteria could not be applied. The reluctance of male participants to complete this item should be addressed for future studies.

Conclusion

A stringent definition of DSH can improve research into such behaviours and enable comparisons across different settings and countries. Future studies should pay attention to better identifying motivation or intention behind such behaviour for the most accurate representation of "true" DSH. Risk factors for DSH are many and varied and prevention programs should address these simultaneously, as well as educating young people on the use of mental health services.

1 The definition of deliberate self-harm used by the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe group 6

An act with a non-fatal outcome in which an individual deliberately did one or more of the following:

Initiated behaviour (for example, self cutting, jumping from a height), which they intended to cause self-harm;

Ingested a substance in excess of the prescribed or generally recognised therapeutic dose;

Ingested a recreational or illicit drug that was an act that the person regarded as self-harm;

Ingested a non-ingestible substance or object.

2 Factors adjusted for in the multiple logistic regression

Living situation

Healthy food consumption

Regularity of exercise

Use of alcohol, cannabis, "ecstasy", heroin, amphetamines, other drugs, in the past year

Problems keeping up with schoolwork

Difficulty making friends

Arguments with friends

Serious boyfriend/girlfriend problems

Been bullied at school

History of physical or sexual abuse

Trouble with police

Parents separated/divorced

Serious arguments with parents

Fights between parents

Self, family member or close friend suffered serious illness

Death of immediate family member or close others

Suicide of family member or friend

DSH by family member or friend

Worries about sexual orientation

Other distressing events not specified

Psychological factors (impulsivity, self-esteem, depression, anxiety)

Coping style (talking to someone, blaming self, getting angry, staying in room, thinking how similar situations were dealt with, drinking alcohol, not thinking about what is worrying them, trying to sort things out)

Self-prescribing medication

5 Sources of help before and after deliberate self-harm

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Who are the kids who self-harm? An Australian self-report school survey

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Suicidal behaviour in adolescents is common, 1 and suicide is the leading cause of death in young Australians. 2 More startling is the number of young Australians who deliberately self-harm, with adolescent females engaging in substantially more acts of deliberate self-harm than males do.

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Mitchell, R., Seah, R., Ting, H.P., Curtis, K. & Foster, K. (2018). Intentional self-harm and assault hospitalisations and treatment cost of children in Australia over a 10-year period. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12782

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Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2016). Intentional self-harm (Suicide) (Australia) (Cat. No. 3303.0). Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au

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3303.0 - Causes of Death, Australia, 2016

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Footnote(s): (a) Standardised death rates. Deaths per 100,000 of estimated mid-year population. See Glossary for further information. (b) Includes ICD-10 codes X60-X84 and Y87.0. Care needs to be taken in interpreting figures relating to suicide. See Explanatory Notes 88-96.

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Mindframe National Media Initiative. (n.d.). Quick guide for reporting about self-harm. [Fact sheet]. Retrieved from www.mindframe-media.info/for-media/reporting-self-harm/quick-guide
Government funded, evidence based website providing guidelines for the media reporting and communication of suicide and self-harm.

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Mindframe Project Team www.mindframe/for-media Tel: 02 4924 6767

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Han, E. (2017, August 27). 13 Reasons Why: Mental health groups slam Netflix over help information refusal. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au/

Good example of moral panic. Renowned child health expert commenting on popular Netflix series, raising further concern.

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Dr Carr-Greg said 13 Reasons Why violated every rule on the portrayal of suicide.

"Probably 75 per cent of kids who watch it, there will be no impact, but I'm worried about the ones who have pre-existing vulnerabilities," he said, after watching every episode.

"A bloke in Canberra told me that his daughter had watched the 13 Reasons Why without his knowledge and she had to be rushed to hospital because she tried to take her own life."

The series has been widely criticised for glamorising suicide, with US researchers reporting that suicide-related searches were 19 per cent higher than expected in the days following the premiere.

A scene from 13 Reasons Why, a Netflix series that deals with suicide and depression.

Ms Gomez has defended the series, saying the graphic content was "real" and "honest", but Dr Carr-Gregg rubbished those claims.

"I think she's already got the blood of a number of kids on her hands and so I think those reasons are absolutely crap," he said.

Child and adolescent psychologist Michael Carr-Gregg says 13 Reasons Why violates every rule on the portrayal of suicide.
Photo: Simon Schluter

"If one kid kills themselves as a result of watching this show, then she's got blood on her hands and the reality is that instead of educating and informing, it has exploited the vulnerabilities of young people in the most dreadful way."

The drama is among a host of Netflix-created dramas that target young people, and explore difficult subjects such as eating disorders (To the Bone) and autism (Atypical).

Netflix has also rejected requests from the Butterfly Foundation, which supports people with eating disorders, to add localised help information at the end of To the Bone.

In a meeting with Netflix, the Butterfly Foundation asked it to adhere to Mindframe's Guidelines for the portrayal of eating disorders. But apart from trigger warnings at the start of the film, there are still no Australian support numbers at the end.

Christine Morgan, chief executive of the foundation, said visual portrayals of eating disorders could trigger harmful behaviour and there was a strong need for helpline information.

"The response from Netflix has been disappointing because I believe it could have adopted a more responsible approach to screening the film," she said.

"It wasn't as though Netflix was unaware of the triggering nature of the content of their film, they chose not to support all of Butterfly's requests."

Professor Jane Burns, a youth mental health expert and the mother of an autistic child, said she also has concerns about the portrayal of autism in Netflix's series Atypical.

"The issues raised are complex, difficult to portray with empathy and without context, triggering and potentially dangerous," she said.

"Entertainment is just that, entertainment - but the opportunity to use this popular culture as a myth-buster and really explore the power and the potential of the human psyche is often missed in cliche and story lines that leave the viewer at best lost and at worst in deep despair."

Netflix and other streaming services are not regulated and they do not appear to be bound to an industry code of conduct.

Julie Inman Grant, Australia's eSafety Commissioner, said the Butterfly Foundation's request was reasonable, especially because Netflix created and streamed these controversial shows.

"They have a responsibility to put more information out there, help seeking information," she said.

"The best way to stave off regulation would be to do the right thing and provide the protections and that shouldn't be a heavy lift."

Fairfax Media did not receive comment from Netflix or Gomez before deadline.

Lifeline 131114

Beyondblue 1300224636

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13 Reasons Why: Mental health groups slam Netflix over help information refusal

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Dr Carr-Greg said 13 Reasons Why violated every rule on the portrayal of suicide. "Probably 75 per cent of kids who watch it, there will be no impact, but I'm worried about the ones who have pre-existing vulnerabilities," he said, after watching every episode.

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Working with self harm and suicidal behaviour

by Louise Doyle, Brian Keogh, Jean MorrisseyeBook 2015
"Interpersonal influence: Individuals may engage in self harm in order to influence other people, for example to receive affection or attention" p12

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Gomez, S., Gorman, J., Yorkey, B. & Laiblin, K. (Executive Directors). (2017). 13 Reasons Why [Video file]. United States: Netflix.
Self-harm leading to suicide.  Contributing factors leading to suicide explored, including attention seeking and sexual assault.  The series caused moral panic internationally with concern being raised that viewing by minors may lead to copy-cat suicidal behaviour.  Series is plausible as it could be argued that the character's suicide and subsequent acts are attention-getting.

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Why did Hannah Baker take her own life? The heartbreaking truth is all on tape ... and it's about to come out. Watch trailers & learn more.

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Daraganova, G. (2016). Self-harm and suicidal behaviour of young people aged 14-15 years old. In Australian Institute of Family Studies, The Longitudinal Study of Australia Children Annual Statistical Report (pp. 119-144). Retrieved from Australian Institute of Family Studies website: https://aifs.gov.au

Government study: Lots of analytical data on risk factors leading to self-harm.

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Robinson, J., McCutcheon, L., Browne, V., Witt, K. (2016). Looking the other way. Young people and self-harm. Melbourne, Australia: Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health.
Report on the prevalence of self-harm, the implications, current Government policy and future directions needed.

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MythBuster: Sorting fact from fiction on self-harm. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://headspace.org.au/assets/Uploads/Resource-library/Health-professionals/self-harm-mythbuster.pdf
The article lists attention getting as a common myth associated with self-harm.
Headspace is funded by the Australian Government Depart of Health.

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BUSTED

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Curtis, C. (2016). Young Women's Experiences of Self-harm: Commonalities, Distinctions and Complexities. Young, Vol 24, Issue 1, pp. 17 - 35. doi.org/10.1177/1103308815613680
Journal article researching the different forms and purposes of self-harm in young women.

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Reachout.com: https://au.reachout.com/articles/what-is-self-harm
Some of the reasons given could be construed to make the myth plausible.
Reachout work with government and policymakers in mental health system.

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What is self-harm? | Self-harm | ReachOut Australia

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There are many reasons why someone self-harms, but most often it's a way of coping with difficult emotions.