# data[].attributes.body
You're not alone . I know it hurts because i've been there. Sometimes , you think you can't live for another day . BUT , you're not a weakling! Brace yourself until you'll find HOME one day and i'll promise you , all the pain you've endured in the past will be gone . HANG IN THERE CHAMP!

# data[].attributes.body
o

# data[].attributes.body
Physically, parents releasing their anger and stress to their own child. Mentally, by giving kata-kata yg boleh mematahkan semangat (lol) to the child

# data[].attributes.body
Honestly I know very little about child abuse.

# data[].attributes.body
bruises on their body

# data[].attributes.body
prefer not to socialize with others

# data[].attributes.body
they want to isolate themselves

# data[].attributes.body
they would be suupppeeeerrr sensitive of sudden movements, physical touch etc.

# data[].attributes.body
they would be su

# data[].attributes.body
they seem to be reluctant to go homeand there would be some unexplained injuries on their bodies.

# data[].attributes.body
covered with bruises

# data[].attributes.body
a lot bruises

# data[].attributes.body
u worth so much more, seek for help and stand up against ur abuser, bcs u can and u will fight for urself !

# data[].attributes.body
dont be afraid to let it out. we're with all of you

# data[].attributes.body
be strong little ones, you're loved by God, remember that..

# data[].attributes.body
be socialize

# data[].attributes.body
share your problem

# data[].attributes.body
Don't be afraid to open up with someone you trust

# data[].attributes.body
What can you do to prevent child abuse?

Unrealistic expectations of parenthood, differences between what we’d like and what we have, a strained relationship with our marriage partner, an excessive amount of to complete and risky hands time, financial problems, substance abuse, alcoholism, and previous being abused during a vacation are samples of problems that causes parents to secure anger and frustration on their own children. Even very loving parents can lose control to begin child abuse.

Here are some actions you are able to decide to try help children as well as their parents.

Certainly be a good example.Respect your family members members. Start using a courteous words with them. When children misbehave, make sure they know that you just dislike what they did, not who they are. Don’t hit your children; violence teaches violence. Apologize when you are wrong. Say “I adore you” more often. Reward good behavior.

Be a pal to some parent.Listen. Sometimes, just the ability to express anger and frustration helps ease tensions. Go shopping with a parent and child. Babies are usually better behaved when their adults are happier and much more relaxed. Invite a parent to search jogging or bowling or golfing. Exercise helps relieve stress.

Find neighbors or relatives with children.Offer to babysit to supply them a much-needed break.

Praise and encourage the youngsters you know.Mean words can certainly create child feel worthless, ugly, and unloved, as well as the hurt can last a lifetime. So be positive. Tell a young child you’re proud of her and why. Stick up on her; do not let others tease or poker fun at her. Smile. Illustrate to her that she is important to you. Say, “You’re terrific. I favor you!”

Take action…don’t wait for someone else to achieve it!Arrange for a speaker on child abuse and neglect to make your PTA, church, club, or workplace. The better everyone knows about abuse and neglect, greater we are capable of doing to halt it.

Organize safety systems for ones neighborhood.Insurance policy for neighbors who are in your own home most of waking time to look out for children on their way both to and from school. Setup “safe houses” where children may go once they feel threatened or afraid. Participate in a telephone network for neighborhood children who are home alone after school and require assistance, advice, or reassurance.

Volunteer.Volunteer your quantity of a young child crisis shelter, parenting support program, drug use prevention or premature ejaculation pills, or shelter with the homeless.

Setup an after-school-hours program at a retirement home.It’s tricky to tell who benefits more from this arrangement, the youngsters or the elders.

Form a Carpenters Guild.Work with others as part of your church, club, or workplace automobile homes of disadvantaged families to ensure they are more livable for children.

Host a shower.Invite friends and neighbors to take items for needy infants and children.

Start a resource room.Call a nearby office of the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services and collect diapers, clothing, toys, books, and formula to help ease the transition of the who has to be taken off their homes as a result of abuse and neglect. Hold a fund raiser to obtain school supplies for foster children.

Work in a day-care center.Volunteer your quantity of a day-care center that serves abused and neglected children. Work with the church, club, or organization to form a partnership using a child-care center that serves low-income children.

Be a mentor.
Help an expectant teen-ager learn parenting skills. Or be a mentor into a pre-teen through one of many school mentoring programs.

Learn more about child abuse and child abuse prevention. Teach others. Plan a adult education program as part of your church, club, or organization to tell people about children’s needs. Open your group’s facility to local education programs for parents.

Turn into foster parent.It’s not an easy job, however the rewards are fantastic if you help a young child learn just what feels need to be safe.

Help a foster child get a full start.Call the Preparation for Adult Living program in the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services and give “housewarming gifts” of linens, cookware, small appliances, and lamps for 18-year-old foster children who are moving out on their own own.

Become involved in your child welfare board as part of your county.

Understand which children are most probably be abused.Although child abuse is within all racial, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic groups, physical abuse and neglect are more likely among people coping with poverty. Children who are most probably be abused are children who are mentally retarded, premature, unwanted, stubborn, inquisitive, demanding, or have a very disability

Discover how to recognize signs and symptoms of abuse. Know signs and symptoms of neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse listed at the foot of this page. Know them.

Report suspected child abuse and neglect.Call a nearby police agency if you think a young child is now being neglected, sexually abused, or physically or emotionally abused. Kids are almost never abused only once. If you feel it, you must report it. Be the law. Reporting suspected child abuse will allow for a household to get help.

# data[].attributes.body
What are you doing to stop child abuse against children?

An epidemic is sweeping an ugly tide across the United States; domestic violence and child abuse against our children.

Howl large is the problem? Studies show that up to five million children in the United States experience and/or witness domestic violence each year. Whether it’s watching an act of physical or sexual abuse, listening to threats or sounds of violence, or viewing the evidence of such abuse in a victim in the signs of bleeding, bruises, torn clothing, or broken items, the effects are damaging to a child, in a variety of ways. Children in our nation are suffering from an epidemic of child abuse from those who proclaim to love them the most. Indeed, witnessing domestic abuse can also be traumatic for a child.

You may say it doesn’t happen where you live. You may believe that you do not know of any children who are victims of this type of violence and abuse. Make no mistake, domestic violence against children is happening all around you. Children in the very city you live in are victims of this horrific crime. Furthermore, the abusers and perpetrators may be your colleagues at work, members of your church, your neighbors, and even those who come to your annual family reunion. Children around you are falling victim to domestic violence and abuse. It is up to you to help bring an end to it. Here are 8 ways we can all help to stop domestic violence against children.

1. Recognize the Signs

The first step in helping to prevent domestic violence is to recognize the signs. To be sure, it may be difficult to recognize when a child is being abused, as the signs are not always visible to the eye. Indeed, domestic violence is not always physical. Other forms of domestic abuse include verbal abuse, emotional abuse, and economic abuse.  Along with this, it is likely that the children suffering will not speak up on their behalf, as so many children suffer in silence.

2. Provide Resources

Whether it is providing support classes for parents, teaching them child care and parenting strategies, or helping with economic support and stability during times of difficulty, struggling parents and families need help and support. Violence against children can be reduced  when parents and families are equipped with strategies, support, and skills when caring for children.

3. Support Children

Often times, children are great imitators. They frequently model what they learn and experience from the adults in their lives. Time and time again,  a child’s greatest role model is often the parent. For those children who have watched a parent inflict violence and abuse upon another, these children are more apt to repeat this later on in their adult life with their spouses or partners.  Drugs and alcohol abuse later in their lives is also likely path. In order to break this future cycle of abuse, we need to offer therapy, counseling, support, and services to these children.

4. Raise Awareness

Knowledge is power, and awareness brings advocacy. Educate those around you about the realities of domestic abuse and violence. Whether it is where you work, where you exercise, where you practice your faith, or where your own circle of friends and family are, inform and educate them about this issue. When those around you become aware of the realities of domestic violence among children, they become advocates, as well.

5. Organize your Community

Faith based organizations, civic groups, schools, community leaders, and local and state legislatures can all come together to both fight child abuse. Contact these organizations and individuals and organize meetings with them, as well as with your local law enforcement. Create a child abuse prevention team in your area, and in your city.

6. Be an Advocate

Perhaps the biggest impact one can make in preventing child abuse and domestic violence is to become an advocate of change. By contacting lawmakers, politicians, and publicity agents through means of emails, letters, phone calls, and other means of communication, one can bring attention to the needs of these children who are various forms of abuse. Along with this, these advocates of change can also post information in editorial letters, websites, public forums, and so forth. By lobbying for change, new laws can be introduced, and information can be brought forward to the general public.

7. Document

If you suspect child abuse or domestic violence is happening to a child you know, document what you see. Time, date, location, and information is important, if you should have to file a report of some kind. Documentation should be done in a factual and non biased fashion, and not in an emotional manner. Just the facts, so to speak. Your documentation can go a long way in helping to protect a child.

8. Report

If you know of an incident of child abuse or domestic violence, it needs to be reported, and it needs to be reported by you now. Not tomorrow; not next week. If a child is in danger, he needs to be rescued from it today. Call the police, call local law enforcement, call 911, or call Malaysia Childline, 15999. Do not try to intervene or become involved in the situation, as it could lead to additional danger.

# data[].attributes.body
Anything you do to support kids and parents can help reduce the stress that often leads to abuse and neglect. By educating yourself – and others – you can help your community prevent child abuse and neglect from happening in the first place.The behavior of children may signal abuse or neglect long before any change in physical appearance. If you suspect abuse or neglect may be occurring, report it.

Number One
Be a nurturing parent. Children need to know that they are special, loved and capable of following their dreams. Learn about how children grow and mature and have realistic expectations of what your child can and cannot do.

Number Two
Help a friend, neighbor or relative. Being a parent isn’t easy. Someone you know may be struggling with his or her parenting responsibilities. Offer a helping hand- take care of the children, so the parent(s) can rest or spend time together.

Number Three
Help yourself. When the big and little problems of everyday life pile up to the point you feel overwhelmed and out of control – take time out. Don’t take it out onyour kid. Take a deep breath. Turn on some music. Know who to call for help, and keep the numbers next to your phone.

Number Four
Respect kids. Treat them the same way you want to be treated.

Number Five
Get involved. Advocate for services to families. Help to establish parenting groups in your community. Ask your community leaders, clergy, library and schools to develop services to meet the needs of healthy children and families.

Number Six
Help to develop parenting resources at your local library – films, books, and information.

Number Seven
Promote programs in schools. Teaching children, parents and teachers prevention strategies can help to keep children safe.

Number Eight
Monitor your child’s television and video viewing. Watching violent films and TV programs harms young children. It scares them, and teaches children that aggression is a good way to handle frustration and solve problems.

Number Nine
Volunteer at a local child abuse program. There are many family support, crisis need volunteers to help families under stress. Contact your local United Way office or look in a telephone directory for agencies in your community. If you can’t give time, support the program with a donation.

Number Ten
Report suspected abuse or neglect. Keeping children safe is the responsibility of every adult in the community. If you have reason to believe a child has been or may be harmed call the Malaysia Childline, 15999. Your concern may mean that children are protected from abuse.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Be a nurturing parent.
Children need to know that they are special, loved and capable of following their dreams.

2. Help a friend, neighbor or relative.
Being a parent isn’t easy. Offer a helping hand take care of the children, so the parent(s) can rest or spend time together.

3. Help yourself.
When the big and little problems of your everyday life pile up to the point you feel overwhelmed and out of control – take time out. Don’t take it out on your kid.

4. If your baby cries…
It can be frustrating to hear your baby cry. Learn what to do if your baby won’t stop crying. Never shake a baby – shaking a child may result in severe injury or death.

5. Get involved.
Ask your community leaders, clergy, library and schools to develop services to meet the needs of healthy children and families.

6. Help to develop parenting resources at your local library.
Find out whether your local library has parenting resources, and if it does not, offer to help obtain some.

7. Promote programs in school.
Teaching children, parents and teachers prevention strategies can help to keep children safe.

8. Monitor your child’s television, video, and internet viewing/usage.
Excessively watching violent films, TV programs, and videos can harm young children.

9. Volunteer at a local child abuse prevention program.
For information about volunteer opportunities, call 1.800.CHILDREN or contact your local Prevent Child Abuse America chapter.

10. Report suspected abuse or neglect.
If you have reason to believe a child has been or may be harmed, call your local department of children and family services or your local police department. Emergency contacts can be found at the top of the page.

# data[].attributes.body
If it's an Emergency

If it’s an emergency and you suspect a child is at serious risk, or a crime against a child has been committed this must be reported.

IN AN EMERGENCY CALL 111

When it's not an Emergency

A lot of the time it may not be obvious that a child is at risk, you may need to rely on a hunch or feeling uncomfortable about a situation.  Don’t wait until you are certain, always put a child first.

Taking action to protect a child doesn't always mean extreme measures. There are lots of things you can do which may help to prevent abuse even occurring or stop it very early.

1.   STEP UP - Do something personally to help

Be prepared to do something to make a child’s life better or safer.  It can take just one person to make a real difference.

It is not easy at any time to get involved, especially when your concerns are with family or friends. By lending a hand or a listening ear at an early stage you may prevent something more serious:

Learn to recognise the signs

Provide a listening ear

Offer help or babysit for a stressed parent

Give helpful or supportive information

Explain that violence is not OK

Talk it over with an experienced person

To learn how to prevent harm to children, contact Child Matters 07 838 3370.

To talk over your concerns confidentially you can call CYF for advice on 0508 326 459

2.   STEP OUT – Look for community support for the family

If you don’t know a person experienced in Child Protection, or you don’t feel that you can personally help, you can ring Child, Youth and Family on 0508 326 459 to talk over your concerns confidentially with a trained social worker. They will give you advice on what to do.

There are also many other organisations that support children and families.  You can contact any of the following organisations for help:

Barnardos

Family Start

Family Works

Salvation Army

Plunket

For a full list of agencies see the family services directory

Child Abuse Prevention Parent Helpline - The Child Abuse Prevention Parent Helpline is the only nationwide parenting helpline in NZ that is available seven days a week.  They have no time limit on calls and their friendly telephone support workers are able to offer not only immediate help but also information, referral, and on-going support to those affected by child abuse, concerned about the welfare of a child or needing family or parenting support. They can be reached on 0800 568 856.

3.   SPEAK UP - Report your concerns

If you are still concerned about the safety of the child, or if Steps 1 and 2 are not appropriate in your situation, you can make an official report of concern.

Call Child, Youth and Family 0508 326 459, or

Call the NZ Police Local Branch Phone No.

Childline Malaysia
Lot 2, Jalan Pemberita U1/49,
Temasya Industrial Park, Glenmarie
40150 Shah Alam
Selangor, Malaysia

E-mail : childline@mctf.org.my
Tel : +(603) 5569 2755
Fax : +(603) 5569 3755

http://www.mctf.org.my/childline/contact-us.htm

# data[].attributes.body
Lack of knowledge about child abuse has led to a number of misconceptions. Some of these are:

Myth: It is only abuse if it is violent
Reality: Child abuse does not necessarily involve violence or anger. Abuse often involves adults exploiting their power over children, and using children as objects for their own gratification rather than respecting their needs and rights as children.Child abuse is defined as "...the harming (whether phsycially, emotionally, sexually), ill treatment, abuse, neglect or depirvation of any child or young person".

Reference: (Section 2, Children, Young Persons and their Families Act 1989)

Myth: Children usually tell someone that they are being abused
Reality: Different studies have shown that 46% and 69% of adults abused as children never disclosed it in their childhood. Abusers can be very effective in making children too fearful to talk about what is going on. Often children do not have the words to use to let someone know what is happening to them. We are more likely to identify children who are being abused through physical signs or their behaviour.

Reference: (Jonzon, E. and Lindblad, F. (2004). Disclosure, reactions and social support: findings from a sample of adult victims of child sexual abuse. Child Maltreatment, 9(2): 190-200)

Myth: Children are usually sexually abused by strangers
Reality: Most children who are sexually abused are abused by someone they know. Sexual violence by strangers is rare. 85% of sexual violence is committed by someone known to the victim.

Reference:  (http://www.corrections.govt.nz/working_with_offenders/community_sentences/employment_and_support_programmes/release-and-management-of-sexualoffenders.html)

http://www.brainwave.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/Maltreatment_article_web.pdf

Myth: The most common form of abuse suffered by children at home is sexual abuse
Reality: According to Oranga Tamariki statistics children are most likely to experience emotional abuse, followed by neglect. Physical abuse is the third most common type of abuse suffered by children at home whilst sexual abuse is the least common.  It is important to note that these statistics relate to abuse that has been reported and substantiated.  We know that children often don’t disclose that they have been abused until they are in adulthood, and sometimes not at all.

Reference: (https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-work/publications-resources/statistics/cyf/findings.html)

Myth: Most children who are abused do something to cause it
Reality: While children are always the victims of abuse and are never to blame, some children are more at risk of being abused or neglected than others. E.g. Babies who are born with a high level of needs such as premature babies, those who are chronically ill and babies who constantly cry and are difficult to soothe are at greater risk for harm.

Reference: http://www.brainwave.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/Maltreatment_article_web.pdf (p.3)

Myth: Abused children hate their parents and want to get away from them
Reality: Most children who have been abused by their parents still have a strong attachment or love for their parents and want to remain living with them. What they really want is for the abuse to stop.

Reference: http://dana.org/Cerebrum/2010/Fear_in_Love__Attachment,_Abuse,_and_the_Developing_Brain/

Kelly as cited in https://practice.mvcot.govt.nz/documents/whats-new/social-work-now/news/2006-2008/swn34.pdf

Myth: Neglect is not as bad as the other types of abuse.

Reality: There is mounting evidence that “neglect has more dire consequences for children than other forms of maltreatment”, with behavioural, emotional and cognitive consequences*.  40% of maltreatment deaths are due to neglect. Neglect often plays a role in other causes of death, for example suicide, fatal accidents and inadequate supervision**.

Reference: *Dubowitz, H., Feigelman, S., Lane, W. & Kim, J. (2009) Pediatric primary care to help prevent child maltreatment: The safe environment for every kid (SEEK) model. Pediatrics, 123(3), pp 858–864.

** Gilbert, R., Kemp, A., Thoburn, J., Sidebotham, P., Radford, L., Glaser, D., et al (2009). Child Maltreatment 2: Recognising and responding to child maltreatment. The Lancet, 373(9658), 167-180.

Myth: Most physical abuse is carried out by men, especially fathers
Reality: Physically abusive acts towards children are just as likely to be carried out by mothers as fathers.

Reference: Statistics New Zealand as cited in NZ Family Violence Clearinghouse Report: Child Sexual Abuse and Adult Sexual Violence - Perpetration by Gender, July 2016

Myth: Children who disclose abuse and later retract their stories were lying about the abuse
Reality: It is extremely common for children who have truthfully disclosed abuse to retract (take back what they have told) due to negative adult reactions to the disclosure of the abuse.  This doesn’t meant the abuse didn’t happen.

Reference: Roland Summit (1983) The Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome

Myth: If children don’t witness family violence they are not affected by it
Reality: Children can sense what is going on, may hear arguing and see the harm to people or property and are emotionally and psychologically affected by the behaviour of violent adults

Reference: "They didn’t see it. They were sleeping." --The voices of children who live with family violence as heard by KIDshine retrieved on 05 th May 2017 from: http://www.2shine.org.nz/resource-room/reports-and-articles

Myth: Children often make up stories or tell lies, so can easily “make up” stories of sexual abuse

Reality: Children almost never make up stories about being sexually abused. In fact victims are often revictimised in multiple ways for truthfully asserting they have been sexually abused.

Reference: http://www.secasa.com.au/pages/is-the-child-victim-of-sexual-abuse-telling-the-truth/

Myth: Remove a child from the adults who abuse him or her and you have solved the problem for both adults and child
Reality: It may be necessary to remove a child from his or her parents or usual caregiver in time of crisis to ensure his or her safety and wellbeing. Removing a child from his or her parents can have significant emotional effects. The goal should be to return the child to his or her parents or other family members when his safety can be assured

Reference: https://practice.mvcot.govt.nz/policy/assessment-and-decision-making/key-information/focusing-on-attachment-and-stability.html#Commoncausesofnbspinsecureattachment4

Myth: Children with disabilities are less likely to become victims of abuse than children without disabilities
Reality: Children with disabilities are 3.4 times more likely to be abused.

Reference: (Spencer, E. Devereux, A. Wallace, R. Sundrum, M. Shenoy, C. Bacchus, and S. Logan, 2005, “Disabling Conditions and Registration for Child Abuse and Neglect: A Population Based Study,” Pediatrics116, 609–613; P.M)

Myth: Older men are typically the perpetrators of sexual abuse towards children
Reality: The median age for perpetrators is 30 years

Reference: World Health Organisation (WHO) Multi-Country Study on Violence Against Women (Incl. survey of a representative sample of 2,855 New Zealand women) as cited in NZ Family Violence Clearinghouse Report: Child Sexual Abuse, 2016

Myth: Only men sexually abuse children
Reality: Whilst statistically more men do sexually abuse children than women, women can also be perpetrators.

Reference: WHO Multi-Country Study on Violence Against Women (Incl. survey of a representative sample of 2,855 New Zealand women) as cited in NZ Family Violence Clearinghouse Report: Child Sexual Abuse, 2016

# data[].attributes.body
There may be indicators in adult behaviour that could indicate sexual abuse. Some examples of this are:

May be unusually over-protective of a child

Is jealous of a child’s relationships with peers or other adults or is controlling of the child

May favour the victim over other children

Demonstrates physical contact or affection to a child which appears sexual in nature or has sexual overtones

# data[].attributes.body
There may also be indicators in a child’s behaviour that could indicate sexual abuse.

Some examples of this in young children are:

Age-inappropriate sexual play with toys, self, others

Bizarre, sophisticated or unusual sexual knowledge

Comments such as “I’ve got a secret”, or “I don’t like Uncle”

Fire lighting by boys

Fear of certain places eg bedroom or bathroom

Some examples of this in older children are:

Eating disorders

Promiscuity or prostitution

Uses younger children in sexual acts

Tries to make self as unattractive as possible

# data[].attributes.body
There may be physical indicators that a child is being sexually abused. Some examples of this are:

Torn, stained or bloody underclothing

Bruises, lacerations, redness, swelling or bleeding in genital, vaginal or anal area

Blood in urine or faeces

Sexually transmitted disease

Unusual or excessive itching or pain in the genital or anal area

# data[].attributes.body
There may be indicators in adult behaviour that could indicate physical abuse. Some examples of this are:

May be vague about the details of the cause of injury and the account of the injury may change from time to time

May blame the accident on a sibling, friend, relative or the injured child

Shakes an infant

Threats or attempts to injure a child

Is aggressive towards a child in front of others

May delay in seeking medical attention for a child

# data[].attributes.body
There may also be indicators in a child’s behaviour that could indicate physical abuse. Some examples of this are:

Is wary of adults or of a particular individual

Is violent to animals or other children

Is dressed inappropriately to hide bruises or other injuries

May be extremely aggressive or extremely withdrawn

Cannot recall how the injuries occurred or gives inconsistent explanations

# data[].attributes.body
There may be physical indicators that a child is being abused. Some examples of this are:

Unexplained bruises, welts, cuts, abrasions

Unexplained burns

Unexplained fractures or disclosures

# data[].attributes.body
There may be indicators in adult behaviour that could indicate neglect. Some examples of this are:

Fails to provide for the child’s basic needs, such as housing, nutrition, medical and psychological care

Fails to enrol a child in school or permits truancy

Leaves the child home alone

Is overwhelmed with own problems and puts own needs ahead of the child’s needs

# data[].attributes.body
There may also be indicators in a child’s behaviour that could indicate neglect. Some examples of this are:

Demonstrates severe lack of attachment to other adults

Poor school attendance or school performance

Poor social skills

May steal food

Is very demanding of affection or attention

Has no understanding of basic hygiene

# data[].attributes.body
There may be physical indicators that a child is being neglected. Some examples of this are:

Inappropriate dress for the weather

Extremely dirty or unbathed

Inadequately supervised or left alone for unacceptable periods of time

Malnourished

May have severe nappy rash or other persistent skin disorders or rashes resulting from improper care or lack of hygiene

# data[].attributes.body
There may be indicators in adult behaviour that could indicate emotional abuse. Some examples of this are:

Constantly calls the child names, labels the child or publicly humiliates the child

Continually threatens the child with physical harm or forces the child to witness physical harm inflicted on a loved one

Has unrealistic expectations of the child

Involves the child in “adult issues”, such as separation or access issues

Keeps the child at home in a role of subservient or surrogate parent

# data[].attributes.body
There may also be indicators in a child’s behaviour that could indicate emotional abuse. Some examples of this are:

Suffers from severe developmental gaps

Severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, withdrawal or aggression

Severe symptoms of self destructive behaviour – self harming, suicide attempts, engaging in drug or alcohol abuse

Overly compliant; too well-mannered; too neat and clean

Displays attention seeking behaviours or displays extreme inhibition in play

When at play, behaviour may model or copy negative behaviour and language used at home

# data[].attributes.body
There may be physical indicators that a child is being emotionally abused. Some examples of this are:

Bed-wetting or bed soiling that has no medical cause
Frequent psychosomatic complaints (eg. Headaches, nausea, abdominal pains)
Prolonged vomiting or diarrhoea
Has not attained significant developmental milestones
Dressed differently from other children in the family
Has deprived physical living conditions compared with other children in the family

# data[].attributes.body
It is not always easy to recognise that a child is being hurt or is at risk, so abuse is often undetected. There are indicators (signs, symptoms or clues) that when found, either on their own or in various combinations, can point to possible abuse, neglect or family violence. Indicators can be:
Physical – such as bruises or burns and relate to a child’s physical condition.
Behavioural – such as a child cringing or flinching if touched unexpectedly; or a caregiver constantly calling a child ‘stupid’ or ‘dumb’. Behavioural indicators can be displayed by a child or by the alleged abuser.
Indicators do not necessarily prove that a child has been harmed. They alert us that abuse may have occurred and that a child may require help or protection. Sometimes indicators can result from life events that do not involve abuse, such as divorce, accidental injury, the arrival of a new sibling etc.

# data[].attributes.body
Well I do know some facts about child abuse. On average one child is killed every 5 weeks.Most of these children are under five and the largest group is less than a year old. Ninety percent of all child deaths are perpetrated by someone the child knew. For the year 1 July 2016 – 30 June 2017 there were:
158,921 Reports of Concern to Child, Youth and Family/Oranga Tamariki – these include 77,081 Police Family Violence Referrals
38,975 Reports of Concern requiring further action by Child, Youth and Family/Oranga Tamariki
14,802 substantiated findings of abuse (including emotional, physical, sexual abuse & neglect)
12,117 distinct children with substantiated abuse findings
5,708 children currently in the custody of the Chief Executive of the Ministry for Vulnerable Children (4,716 children living in ‘out of home’ placements). Child Abuse costs NZ around $2 billion each year. Studies have found abused and neglected children to be at least 25 percent more likely to experience problems such as delinquency, teen pregnancy, low academic achievement, drug use and mental health problems.

# data[].attributes.body
since the people below already explained all the types... except for one. imma just explain sexual abuse. the most disgusting of all.... so sexual abuse includes acts or behaviours where an adult, older or more powerful person uses a child for a sexual purpose. While it may involve a stranger, most sexual abuse is perpetrated by someone the child knows and trusts. It includes, any touching for sexual purpose, fondling of breasts, buttocks, genitals, oral sex, sexual intercourse, an adult exposing themselves to the child, or seeking to have a child touch them for a sexual purpose. It also includes voyeurism, photographing children inappropriately, involving the child in pornographic activities or prostitution or using the internet and phone to initiate sexual conversations with children.

# data[].attributes.body
PHYSICAL ABUSEEEE. THIS IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF ABUSE.
Physical abuse can be caused from punching, beating, kicking, shaking, biting, burning or throwing the child. Physical abuse may also result from excessive or inappropriate discipline or violence within the family, and is considered abuse regardless of whether or not it was intended to hurt the child. Physical abuse may be the result of a single episode or of a series of episodes. Injuries to a child may vary in severity and range from minor bruising, burns, welts or bite marks, major fractures of the long bones or skull, to its most extreme form, the death of a child.

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse can also take form in neglect.

Neglect is a pattern of behaviour which occurs over a period of time and results in impaired functioning or development of a child. It is the failure to provide for a child’s basic needs.

Neglect may be:

Physical - failure to provide necessary basic needs of food, shelter or warmth

Medical - failure to seek, obtain or follow through with medical care for the child

Abandonment - leaving a child young person in any situation without arranging necessary care for them and with no intention of returning

Neglectful supervision – failure to provide developmentally appropriate or legally required supervision

Refusal to assume parental responsibility - unwillingness or inability to provide appropriate care for a child

# data[].attributes.body
Child Abuse is defined in the Children Young Persons and their Families Act as “the harming (whether physically, emotionally, or sexually), ill-treatment, abuse, neglect or deprivation of any child or young person.”

# data[].attributes.headline
ooouh there are also child factors, i believeee. for instances, baby is sickly, colicky or unwanted, child has a physical or developmental disability, child is the product of an abusive relationship or even lack of attachment between child and parent

# data[].attributes.subject
ooouh there are also child factors, i believeee. for instances, baby is sickly, colicky or unwanted, child has a physical or developmental disability, child is the product of an abusive relationship or even lack of attachment between child and parent

# data[].attributes.body
One of the most common abuse is emotional abuse.Emotional abuse occurs when a child’s emotional, psychological or social well-being and sense of worth is continually battered.

It can include a pattern of criticising, rejecting, degrading, ignoring, isolating, corrupting, exploiting and terrorising a child. It may result from exposure to family violence or involvement in illegal or anti-social activities.

Emotional abuse is almost always present when other forms of abuse occur.

The effects of this form of abuse are not always immediate or visible. The long-lasting effects of emotional abuse may only become evident as a child becomes older and begins to show difficult or disturbing behaviours or symptoms.

# data[].attributes.body
I think environment could also be one of the factors of child abuse. Like overcrowding in the house,
poverty or lack of opportunity to improve the family’s resources,
family violence is present, a non biological adult living in the house
or family is experiencing multiple stresses.

# data[].attributes.body
hmmm idk for sure but maybe parental factors ? For examples:
-Parent has already abused a child
-Pregnancy was not wanted
-Parent has a background of abuse when growing up
-Young, unsupported mother often with low education
-Parents have unrealistic expectations of the child and lack parenting knowledge
-Parent is isolated and has few supports
-Parent has a mental illness or is abusing drugs or alcohol

# data[].attributes.body
There are many issues that may contribute to child abuse, but some factors increase the risk to children and make them more vulnerable to abuse. They can be found in the background of parents, in the environmental situation and in attributes of the child themselves

# data[].attributes.body
Children can be victim of child abuse in their family, school or in public environment. These types of bad actions can have severe consequences in their mental and physical health

# data[].attributes.body
Or maybe cultural practices? Due to religious, cultural and traditional background, many countries tolerate certain kind of practices even though they contravene to the physical and mental well-being of their children. Cultural punishments, women genitals mutilations and child domestic labours are part those cultural customs. Despite the fact that they know the gravity of those acts in the health of children (countries have signed international laws that condemn child abuses) they continue to allow those practices. In fact, governments do not consider the gravity of these practices. Thus, they do not try to take measures to raise awareness and to prevent such practices.

# data[].attributes.body
A number of adults use violence as an arm to punish or inculcate a discipline to children. Most of the time they are people in the inner circle of the child like parents, in-laws, nannies, etc who carry out this kind of bad treatments.
In this situation, the children consider the abuses as a punishment and try to hide their pain because they fill guilty of misbehaving. For that reason, children comply with that situation in believing that it is a normal part of their life.
This kind of treatment can have a very bad and insidious repercussion, leaving children with irreversible troubles in their behaviors. Traumatized, they are more likely to become rough and negligent adults toward children. So yeah I think very strict discipline may be the beginning of child abuse without the caretakers knowing.

# data[].attributes.body
In my opinion, most child abuse cases were caused by stress and the abusers' experience as well

# data[].attributes.body
when we talk about child abuse, everyone will mention parents. but y'all seem to forget that teachers, who are supposed to educate students, also abuse children. be it mentally or physically. they take advantage of the trust the parents give and misuse the privilege they're given. and not many people know about this. so i really hope u guys can spread awareness abt this and tell them what child abuse really is. u guys are doing great, thanks

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse is an issue that is beyond

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse is something that is definitely beyond serious in our country. Its everywhere on the news and the worst part is that, the so called ‘parents’ or guardians were the one who did it to their own child. Child abuse is a serious matter. It really is. It affects their mentality. It can cause trauma in their lives. Here’s what im sure about- Those bruises and scars on their body could have been avoided if everyone just work together on preventing or even better, stopping this issue. It is possible. NO ONE should live their lives with such heavy and painful memories in their mind. Anyw, Im glad that you chose this as the topic for your project. Goodluck.

# data[].attributes.body
smacking a kid in the head for no reason and then laugh like a pathetic weirdass psycho w

# data[].attributes.headline
I dont know much but i know it involves hitting a child whether using rope or belt and creating a mess in one's mind and it could affect a child physically and emotionally that could lead to depression or even worse killing   herself/himself

# data[].attributes.subject
I dont know much but i know it involves hitting a child whether using rope or belt and creating a mess in one's mind and it could affect a child physically and emotionally that could lead to depression or even worse killing   herself/himself

# data[].attributes.body
some people torturing kids physically or mentally or both

# data[].attributes.headline
In some point is attack the child. Not only fisically or sexual, but also mentally. I think people only knows or think about the fisically abuse (maybe because is the more visible part) but the mental abuse hurts a lot too. 

# data[].attributes.subject
In some point is attack the child. Not only fisically or sexual, but also mentally. I think people only knows or think about the fisically abuse (maybe because is the more visible part) but the mental abuse hurts a lot too. 

# data[].attributes.body
is all about neglecting children physically such as hitting them or mentally

# data[].attributes.body
Child neglect occurs when someone does not provide the necessities of life to a child, either intentionally or with reckless disregard for the child's well being. This can include physical neglect, such as withholding food, clothing, shelter, or other necessities. Emotional neglect includes withholding love or comfort or affection. Medical neglect occurs when medical care is withheld.

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse ..it happens when the parents neglect their children...it can be :
1) physical when parents or familymembers physicaly harm  the child for example beating or burning or sexual abuse..,
2) emotional.. when the child is emotionally traumatized

# data[].attributes.body
Child abusebelieve the issue is getting more serious lately.

# data[].attributes.body
I don't really know about child abuse, but lately there has been a lot of child abuse. as I know, child abuse is a nasty act of the act that makes a child traumatized, such as would be more silent than usual

# data[].attributes.body
adik aku ganggu aku masa aku tido semata mata nk tnyk satu soalan
adik: bang kalau ulat beluncas nk lalu dia cakap apa ?
aku: entah
adik: "caterpillar"
sekarang baru aku tahu kenapa wujudnya penderaan kanak2

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse is usually dimensional but

# data[].attributes.headline
child abuse is so fucking sickening , disgusting , traumatic experience for 1000s if innocent children of all creeds & colors.And for parents, they shouldnt scream at and humiliate their children in public. Public Humiliation is a form of abuse and it leaves scars

# data[].attributes.subject
child abuse is so fucking sickening , disgusting , traumatic experience for 1000s if innocent children of all creeds & colors.And for parents, they shouldnt scream at and humiliate their children in public. Public Humiliation is a form of abuse and it leaves scars

# data[].attributes.body
child abuse is horrible honestly. it's sad how such thing can exist in the first place. why make a child if you're not gonna love them? how sick

# data[].attributes.body
Most child abuse occurs within the family. It is caused by the failure to provide for a child's basic physical, emotional, or educational needs.

# data[].attributes.body
Child abuse in our society is getting worst by day and not many are aware of it bcause they think tht it is not a thing tht needs concern.

# data[].attributes.body
It happens because the parents do not love their child. This can cause the child to be physically and mentally hurt.