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Each of the peaces connect to the ideology of morals and rights. As McCarthy declared Communists morally bad and the whole Soviet Nation as a nation that promotes violence; Smith counteracts his statements by showing that these people are practicing the rights the American country has upheld for centuries. Steinbeck agrees with Smith's ideologies through his statements defending Arthur Miller and revealing that in the end he is just a human and like all humans we should be treated fairly.

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"In their attempts to save the nation from attack, they could well undermine the deep personal morality which is the nation's national defense."

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"In their attempts to save the nation from attack, they could well undermine the deep personal morality which is the nation's national defense."

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Steinbeck criticizes the methods in which the government is trying to protect the nation by restricting freedom of speech. In doing so the government has ignored the intent of the constitution in which the first amendment protects the freedom of speech.

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Steinbeck incorporates an aphorism in order to present a statement of fact. He indicates that Law must have moral in order for society to agree and support the decisions of the government.

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"As a writer, I must have been interested in everything, have felt it part of my profession to know and understand all kinds of people and groups."

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"As a writer, I must have been interested in everything, have felt it part of my profession to know and understand all kinds of people and groups."

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Steinbeck attempts to picture himself in Miller's position to make the reader understand that one can do things that may seem bad but really have innocent intentions. Defending Arthur Miller.

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"Statements of Seven Republican Senators- selfish political exploitation of fear, bigotry, ignorance, and intolerance."

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"Statements of Seven Republican Senators- selfish political exploitation of fear, bigotry, ignorance, and intolerance."

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Smith lists which depicts how Americans have the freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of press etc. to in a way be sarcastic about the constitution.

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"The right to criticize; The right to hold unpopular beliefs; The right to protest; The right of independent thought."

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"The right to criticize; The right to hold unpopular beliefs; The right to protest; The right of independent thought."

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Smith utilizes short, choppy sentences to present quick pace using semicolons showing the audience that she is trying to get her point across.

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"I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a United States Senator. I speak as an American."

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"I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a United States Senator. I speak as an American."

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Smith uses ethos to present real life evidence and draws other Americans in to show we need to stand together. This sentence also presents short sentence structure to get her point across.

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"'To think that the Communist revolution can be carried out peacefully, within the framework or a Christian democracy...gone out of one's mind..."

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"'To think that the Communist revolution can be carried out peacefully, within the framework or a Christian democracy...gone out of one's mind..."

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McCarthy uses a quote from Joseph Stalin about the usage of violence being good to not only make himself seem more reliable to the reader that Communism is bad but also makes Soviet Russia look worse as they apparently support violence.

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"The greater difference between our western Christian world and the atheistic Communist world is not political, it is moral." 

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"The greater difference between our western Christian world and the atheistic Communist world is not political, it is moral." 

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McCarthy emphasizes upon religion to defend his reasoning by going against Communists because Religion has a stigma of being morally and therefore (through fallacy) the US is morally good and Russia is bad.

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"Ladies and Gentlemen... this is not a period of peace. This is a 'cold war'..."

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"Ladies and Gentlemen... this is not a period of peace. This is a 'cold war'..."

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McCarthy utilizes a switch from a joyous to a dark tone within his letter to emphasize upon how bad Communists and Soviet Russia are. This is an appeal to emotions of the audience to make them feel scared about whats around them.