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led the Whigs

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led the Democrats

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Pro-Jackson coalition in 1824

wanted states’ rights

supported agrarian farming and western expansion

supported Laissez-Faire

Opposed banks

Supported by rural South, West, and some urban workers

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Anti-Jacksonian coalition in 1824

favored strong central government, urban industry, and commercial growth

supported national and state directed economy

supported by North East, North West, merchants, and some planters

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(1828-1854)

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By the time Van Buren came into the office, the Panic of 1837 caused bank closures and 10% unemployement & poverty. As the depression continued, Van Buren took the blame & the Whigs gained power & appeal, leading to a Two Party System. Democrats, those who still supported Andrew Jackson, and the Whigs.

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This transition occurred because both the Federalists slowly died out during the Era of Good Feelings, and the Democratic-Republican Party divided into different factions.

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The First Party System began to end after the War of 1812. The Federalist Party shrank significantly during the Era of Good Feelings around 1816, and the United States became a one-party nation; the Republicans governed with little opposition. The Democratic-Republican eventually died out and divided into different factions.

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Leader of the Democratic-Republicans

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Leader of the Federalists

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wanted states’ rights and individual liberties

strict interpretation of the Constitution

strongest support from the West, the South, farmers, and planters

favored agriculture

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favored a strong central government

supported Hamilton’s economic policies

loose interpretation of the Constitution

favored manufacturing

strongest support from the North, urban workers, merchants, and the wealthy

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(1792-1824)

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After Washington retired, during the election of 1796, citizens started to vote for the based on their ideological beliefs. Continued debates about issues such as the relationship between the national government and the states, Hamilton’s economic policy, and the conduct of foreign affairs led to the creation of political parties.