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the difference in value between a country's imports and exports.

A country's balance of trade is defined by its net exports (exports minus imports) and is thus influenced by all the factors that affect international trade. ... A nation has a trade surplus if its exports are greater than its imports; if imports are greater than exports, the nation has a trade deficit

Exports directly increase and imports directly reduce a nation's balance of trade (i.e. net exports). A tradesurplus is a positive net balance of trade, and a tradedeficit is a negative net balance of trade.

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belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

Controlled production and trade: Mercantilism led to the adoption of enormous trade restrictions, though, which stunted the growth and freedom of colonial business business. The expansion of the slave trade: Trade became triangulated between the British Empire, its colonies and foreign markets.

Mercantilism was the main economic system of trade utilized from the 16th to 18th century. Mercantilist theorists believed that the amount of wealth in the world was static. ... The goal was to increase a nation's wealth by imposing government regulation that oversaw all of the nation's commercial interests.

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a company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.

The modern corporation emerged as a direct result of the discovery of the American continents. ... ventures in the new world, but the creation of joint-stock companies allowed individual private investors ... The Impact of Enlightenment in Europe, b. ..... These companies had proven profitable in the past with trading ventures.

A joint-stock company is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns company stock in proportion, evidenced by their shares (certificates of ownership). Shareholders are able to transfer their shares to others without anyeffects to .... The legal personality has two economic implications.

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The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, named for Christopher Columbus, was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas, West Africa, and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Colonization resulted in the exchange of new items that greatly influenced the lives of people throughout the world. The new wealth from the Americas resulted in new business and trade practices in Europe. ... Over time, both crops became an important and steady part of diets throughout the world.

The Columbian Exchange greatly affected almost every society on earth, bringing destructive diseases that depopulated many cultures, and also circulating a wide variety of new crops and livestock that, in the long term, increased rather than diminished the world human population.