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1451, birth of Christoper Columbus, Early Life

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1451, birth of Christoper Columbus, Early Life

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Christoper Columbus was born in 1451 in Genoa,Italy.  His father was a wool weaver. His father owned a cheese stand which Christoper worked at when he was a child. He had 3 brothers and 1 sister. Christoper Columbus traveled around Europe a lot when he was in his 20's. Even though Christoper Columbus had a job, it didn't provide enough money for him.

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1478 in Trujillo, Spain, Francisco Pizarro was born

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1478 in Trujillo, Spain, Francisco Pizarro was born

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Francisco Pizarro's family was very poor. He worked as a pig herder. This also made him have very little education. This made him want to improve his life. He heard that in the New world there were many riches. He probably dreamed of traveling there to become rich.

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1485 in Medellín, Spain, birth of Hernando Cortes

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1485 in Medellín, Spain, birth of Hernando Cortes

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Cortes came from a novel family in Spain. He studied to be a lawyer at the University of Salamanca. He dropped out of school two years later and was fascinated by the tales of the riches in the New world. Cortes was a distant cousin to Francisco Pizarro, this might've motivated him to explore the New World.

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Columbus went to numerous countries but couldn't find anyone to supply money for his trip. Then King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella funded his trip to the New World. He agreed to their contract mostly because it said he could keep 10% of the "merchandise, whether pearls, precious stones, gold, silver, spices and other objects".When Columbus traveled west, he didn't find India, he found Hispaniola.

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1504, Columbus got back from his last journey

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1504, Columbus got back from his last journey

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Over the years, Columbus went on 4th journey. He was actually very poor when he was young, this made him have a greed to be rich. On one voyage, he slaved native people only because they didn't give him enough gold. Christoper Columbus impacted the New World is that he led many other European explorers to the New World. This made 90% of the population In North America die out.

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Columbus died when he was 54 years old. Many scientist say he got diseases while he was travailing back and forth. Even when his death, he still believed the place he visited was India. We still honor him today by celebrating Columbus day.

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Cortes demanded his own expedition to mexico, but his old partner Velázquez canceled his expedition. Cortes neglected the order and set sail to mexico with 600 men and 11 ships in the fall of 1518. In February of 1519, he reached the Mexican coast. Cortes met the Aztecs and became allies with many of the native people.

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Even though Cortes had a army of 500 Spanish men, he still defeated the Aztecs when they had over one hundred thousand warriors. One reason this happened is the Aztecs were already low on food and died of hunger. Cortes also captured the emperor and caused panic all over the empire. He also had a lot of native allies and got a lot of help from them since they didn't like the king.

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1524, Francisco Pizarro first expedition  

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1524, Francisco Pizarro first expedition  

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He went on a expedition in 1524, to finds many riches. In November, 1524, he left Panama with 80 men and about 40 horses. Later on his partners led an expedition as far south as Ecuador. He only did this for fame, and fame gets you a lot of money.

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1524-1526, Pizarro's fist two expeditions

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1524-1526, Pizarro's fist two expeditions

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Pizarro heard many rumors about all the gold in South America, motivating him to explore the continent. His first expedition in 1524 as a complete disaster, many of his men died and he returned with nothing. In 1526 was Pizarro more successful, he found the Tubez tribe but he was forced to turn back, returning without a fortune, again. Pizarro wanted to explore South America for the third time. Since he returned with nothing the Spanish government refused to let him go. Later on he got the king's support and the Spain.

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One thing that made Pizarro easily conquer the Inca is when the sons of the king fought constantly with each other. This made the Inca army weak since they fought over and over again. In addition the Spanish brought and disease called small pocks. This wipe out 90% of the population. Pizarro met Atahualpa and made him a slave in order to get a room full of gold and silver. Even after  Atahualpa gave him all the gold and silver, Pizarro killed Atahualpa.

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Pizarro and his friend, Diego Almagro had a fight in 1538. Even though Pizarro had  Almagro killed,  Almagro's son and followers killed him in Lima. Later on he was appointed a governor of Peru Pizarro is a murder but he is a hero. There is also a statue of Pizarro in Lima.

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Cortés retired in Spain in 1540. He died seven years later on December 2, 1547 at his home in Seville from a lung disease called pleurisy. Hernán Cortés is one of the most successful of the Spanish conquistadors in history. He is remembered for conquering the Inca, even though he did other great things. He was a hero in the 16th a murderer to the remaining Incas. (picture in next slide)